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81岁育种泰斗:“只要中国人吃的是自己种的大豆,我的坚持就有意义。” | The man and the seed

2017-10-16 CGTN CGTNOfficial


https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=e0561pzm3y4&width=500&height=375&auto=0


"Soybeans provide a major part of plant protein to human body," 81-year-old Gai Junyi said. “As an old saying goes: 'Vegetables and tofu, a healthy life for you.'" Through all these years, soybean milk is never absent from his breakfast.

“大豆是人体植物蛋白的主要来源。青菜、豆腐保平安,老话就是老话。”今年八十一岁的盖钧镒这样说。多年来,他保留着每天早上喝一碗豆浆的习惯。


Gai has dedicated 60 years of his life to soybeans study in China.

这位坐在食堂里看似普通的老人,将整整六十年的岁月奉献给了中国的大豆研究。



China is home to varieties of soybeans. The plant has been cultivated here for about 5,000 years and has for long been an indispensable food on the table of Chinese people. China was the world’s largest producer of soybeans until the 1940s when the United States consistently gained momentum to take the place. In 2011, the soybean output of China dropped to the 4th place around the globe, accounting for only 5.55% of the world's total. Once a net exporter of soybeans, China now heavily relies on import to meet a domestic need for the plant.

中国是大豆的故乡,许多品种的原产地。大豆在这片土地有5000年左右的种植历史,也是中国人食谱不可或缺的组成部分。中国一直是世界大豆的主要产区,直到20世纪40年代,美国超越中国成为大豆产量第一的国家。到2011年,中国大豆产量占世界总产量的比重仅有5.55%,位列第四,并从大豆净出口国变成了大豆进口大国。



Gai Junyi started his research on the genetic breeding of soybeans since graduating from Nanjing Agricultural University in 1957. In 1980, he got to know by chance that the United States largely increased the production of its soybeans by studying imported Chinese varieties when he was visiting the country. "The student has become the master! We don't even treasure our own legacy." After returning from the US, Gai Junyi began to collect domestic specimens in a bid to boost the country’s soybean production.

盖钧镒自1957年毕业于南京农业大学之后,就开始同大豆打交道,主要从事遗传育种研究。1980年,盖钧镒赴美交流,得知美国凭借从中国引进的大豆品种大大增加产量。“我们原产的竟然不如后产的,自己家的财宝自己都没数。”盖钧镒对此感到很痛心。回国之后,他就开始收集国内的大豆品种。



For over two decades, Gai Junyi and his team went into miscellaneous fields in even the most remote areas across the country just to collect seeds from the farmers. "None of the seeds in any two households are the same," he said. These jars of seeds constitute the world's third largest soybean germplasm repository. And now the repository has been enriched to 18,000 kinds of soybean seeds.

二十多年来,南到海南岛,北到黑龙江,盖钧镒带领研究团队走到田间地头,走到偏远地区,挨家挨户地收集豆种:“一家一户农民的豆子都不一样。”这一罐罐豆种,组成了世界第三大豆种种质资源库。目前,库内的豆种已达到18000种。


"We rely on these seeds to improve the soybean varieties in the future," Gai noted.

盖钧镒说:“以后的品种,都要靠这些来改进。”



Seed collection is already no easy job, and they even had to suspend the process from time to time due to a lack of funding. Even though the seeds were collected, it entails great patience to cultivate them into better varieties. Many of Gai Junyi's students, despite years of hard training, left the industry for the indecent financial payback. However, Gai Junyi has remained in his post and spared no efforts in looking after the precious seeds.

收集豆种是一项艰苦的工作。因为资金匮乏,他们还常常不得不暂停这项任务。收集到豆种之后,要培育出优质品种,也需要十年如一日的坚持。许多好不容易培养出的人才都因为挣不到钱纷纷离开。即使如此,盖钧镒仍然坚持了下来,小心照顾着这些珍贵的种子。


The hard work of Gai Junyi and his team has been eventually paid off. Thanks to them, China's soybean yield doubled over the years. The old man says: "I know my persistence means something when I see self-produced tofu and soybean milk on Chinese people's table."

盖钧镒和他的研究团队的辛苦没有白费。在他们的努力下,我国大豆的产量提高了一倍。盖钧镒说:“ 只要每天早上中国人自己的碗里装的是自己的豆腐,中国人的杯子里盛的是自己的豆浆,我的坚持就有意义。”



In addition to the new and high-quality soybean varieties, Gai Junyi has also cultivated many preeminent students. For him, teaching is like cultivating plants: "They have to go through the most difficult times before success.”

钻研大豆六十年,盖钧镒不仅在研究领域培育出了高质量的大豆新品种,在教育领域也早已桃李满天下。对他而言,育人和培育植物一样:“要经过风雨,逆境能坚持,才算成功。”



Nowadays, China is expanding the planting area of soybeans and increasing the production, with Gai Junyi's genetic breeding technology contributing a significant part to the efforts. Perhaps, the storm of soybean research has already gone, while a bright future is ahead with the unremitting endeavors of dedicated experts like Gai.

如今,我国逐步扩大大豆种植面积,努力提升产量。这背后,也有盖钧镒育种技术的贡献。也许,大豆研究的风雨已经过去,晴天终将到来。



Cameraman: Hong Lei

Film editor: Wa Na, Chang Weicheng

Storywritten by: Zhu Siqi 

Englisheditor: Keely Stanley



 

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