侬“拎得清”伐？上海今起执行“最严垃圾分类”

从今天（7月1号）开始，《上海市生活垃圾管理条例》正式实施，上海市垃圾将按照可回收物、有害垃圾、湿垃圾、干垃圾进行分类。

据住建部相关负责人介绍，目前全国生活垃圾分类工作由点到面逐步推开，46个重点城市分类投放、分类收集、分类运输、分类处理的生活垃圾处理系统正在逐步建立。

Starting Monday, Shanghai residents are required by law to sort garbage into four different categories, or they could face fines.

Shanghai is among China's first cities to introduce garbage classification and also the country's most serious in its implementation.

Its regulation covers reducing the amount of garbage produced at sources, ensuring separate transportation of different trashes, upgrading treatment and promoting social participation.

46座城市试点垃圾分类，

上海为何被称“史上最严”？

过去这段时间里，关于垃圾如何分类的讨论可谓是热火朝天、脑洞大开，成为了上海人、乃至全国网友的社交新话题。

Shanghai's most heated topic of "which is the right bin for my garbage" may sweep other cities in the near future, as the national legislation is planning to speed up mandatory garbage sorting by writing it into law.

首先来回顾一下CGTN版垃圾分类双语指南，

详情点击↓↓↓

转存教程！技能get！

为了能让大家迅速掌握垃圾分类的技能，央视新闻频道“段子手”朱广权引用了网友想出的一种办法，直观地为大家支招：

视频来源：央视新闻

上海市人民政府新闻办还想出了#假如垃圾们也有一个群#，把网友纠结疑惑的关注点进行了生动解答，包括如何把一只小龙虾拆分成干、湿垃圾？喝不完的奶茶到底该怎么办？

<<  滑动查看下一张图片  >>

图片来源：上海发布

如果还是不知道怎么分，在“上海发布”的微信公众号上可以找到垃圾分类查询功能，只要输入垃圾正确的中文名称（包含材质），如玻璃瓶、一次性塑料杯、陶瓷碗等，就能查询到该垃圾是属于哪一类的了。

垃圾不分类，可能遭罚款

根据《条例》规定，个人混合投放垃圾，可处50元以上200元以下罚款。单位未将生活垃圾分别投放至相应收集容器的，则可罚5千至5万元。

近日在上海松江，就有人趁着夜色在一家科创经济园区内倾倒垃圾，接到举报后城管人员介入了调查，当事人依法被处以罚款两万元人民币。

另外，《条例》属于地方性法规，具有属地原则。也就是说，任何人只要进入上海的行政区域，都要遵守《条例》规定，包括外地游客、外籍游客。拒不改正的，同样要被处罚。

为什么国家要推行垃圾分类？

Necessity of sorting

The initiative is part of a nationwide push to tackle China's growing mountains of domestic wastes.

In 2018, the total volume of domestic garbage in Shanghai hit 9 million tons, which means Shanghai households produced nearly 26,000 tons of garbage a day – enough to build the city's 420-meter-high Jinmao Tower every two weeks.

The nationwide volume of domestic wastes has also jumped significantly in recent years.

In 2013, each of China's large and medium-sized cities generated an average of 0.6 million tons of domestic wastes. The number soared to 1 million tons in 2017, according to calculations based on reports released by China's Ministry of Ecology and Environment.

The amount of wastes is straining the capacity of China's waste management facilities and posing a threat to the environment.

Garbage sorting is the best way and the first step to slashing the social cost of waste treatment and boost recycling, experts said.

推行过程中面临着哪些问题？

Handling difficulties

The biggest challenge in implementing waste classification is getting residents to develop the habit and fully participate in it.

Low participation, lack of public awareness and insufficient classification facilities were all reasons for a lack of waste sorting, according to past surveys.

Residents are also struggling with how to sort waste properly. For example, the right way to sort a cup of leftover bubble tea and half-eaten crayfish have sparked great debate on social media.

Other problems also include harsh time and place requirements for trash dumping and improper disposal of sorted garbage, as some cases in Shanghai showed.

But the situation is improving. The municipal government has set up online apps to handle sorting inquiries, and issued guidelines to address the "one-size-fits-all" method.

Cities like Beijing and Shanghai have launched point-rewarding scheme to motivate its residents by allowing them to exchange for daily products with points earned through proper sorting.

The country will also invest over 21 billion yuan (3 billion U.S. dollars) in the construction of garbage processing facilities to meet demands, officials said last Friday.

China is embracing the era of compulsory garbage sorting with its cities enacting or revising regulations on garbage classification. And these efforts are taking effects already – Chinese households practicing garbage sorting in 2018 increased by 11.4 percent from a year earlier, authorities said.

Garbage sorting is good for the environment and essential for the country's sustainable development, and may finally turn out to be a promising industry as well.

A growing number of companies are turning to garbage disposal solutions for profits. Alipay, for example, is offering a garbage pick-up service that allows users to place orders to sell their wastes. 

Stocks related to household trash sorting business have also surged recently.

当然，生活垃圾分类工作不是一蹴而就的。

愿你我都能从自己做起，

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