Hmmmmm...“学伴”?
昨日,山东大学在微博发布官方说明,对引发社会关注的“学伴”一事公开致歉。
截至目前,此条微博转发数超3万,评论数近9万。
“在相关报名表格中出现‘结交外国异性友人’不当选项等问题,引发不良影响,对此我们深表歉意。”
“学校实施中外学生‘学伴’项目,旨在通过中外学生互相学习,促进学业进步及文化交流。”
“参与学生以小组制方式开展学习交流活动,不存在1名男留学生对应3名女生学伴的情况。项目开展以来,受到中外学生欢迎。”
2018年山大“学伴”见面会现场。
Shandong University apologized Friday over an intercultural program dedicated to matching foreign and local students on campus after it caused a severe backlash across Chinese social media.
The controversy erupted this week when a notice revealing that the university had paired 141 Chinese students with 47 foreign students last year was shared on Weibo, sparking a nationwide discussion.
Branded as the "Buddy Program," it helped each of the 47 foreigners – mostly males – find three Chinese "learning partners," mainly females, under the aim of "promoting intercultural relations."
The gender disparity quickly met with uproar online, with many netizens questioning why a university needed to match up foreign students with Chinese students of the opposite sex.
然而,“一个留学生配三个学伴”的配对标准从何而来?“学伴多为女生”的事实如何解释?网友们依然心存疑虑。
就在“学伴”一事被推到舆论的风口浪尖之时,山大另一起与留学生有关的“前科”也被曝光。
去年5月,山大青岛校区曾公开为一名骨折的外国留学生招募陪护志愿者,招募人数达25人。
校方事后回应《新京报》称,该学生需要住院25天,这25名志愿者将每人负责一天,帮其订饭并与医生沟通翻译。
自此,“留学生”与“学伴”两个再平常不过的词,一时间成为众矢之的。
However, some Shandong University students weighed in defending the program, saying the gender disproportion is mainly a result of the fact that there are more female students studying in the university, while more male foreign students are taken in each year.
“学伴”:学甚伴谁?
其实早在2016年,山大的“学伴项目”就启动了。
《山东大学“学伴项目”管理暂行规定》中解释——
学伴项目“是为增加中国学生与留学生的理解与交流,促进山东大学学生国际化的一项活动。”参与学伴的学生必须具备“较高的英语或日语、韩语、俄语等外语水平”。
近年来,“学伴项目”一直正常运行,但一份招募报名表,让网友“炸开了锅”。
除基本信息外,报名参加的学生还需填写饮食禁忌、兴趣爱好及特长,以及自由填写“希望学伴的性别”。
参加学伴活动的主要目的一览,还出现了“结交外国异性友人”的选项。
山大发布的2017年学伴选拔名单显示,30个入选的中国学生中,女生占了26个,占比高达86%。
其实“学伴”作为一项跨文化交流机制,在国外大学中也较为常见,旨在帮助留学生更好、更快地适应其在本国的生活。
值得注意的是,国外大学的“学伴招募启事”中,大多明确了志愿者提供帮助的周期仅仅为留学生入学前的准备期和入学之初的过渡期(transition to college life)。
The buddy system is common in universities around the world. It's a peer support network that connects current students to new international students to help the latter to adjust quickly and easily to university life. However, when it comes to international buddy programs (IBP), foreign universities mostly strictly limit the support to the "early stage of the student's campus experience."
如澳大利亚的莫纳什大学,还特别注明“学伴项目仅是一个交流不同风俗、传统和生活方式的平台”,“志愿者不得对留学生进行课业辅导”。
Yale University in the U.S. sets a time limit of exactly four months for its postdoc buddy program (two months before and two months after students' arrival). Australia's Monash University even underlined that "volunteers' participation in the program is expected to be minimal" and "the program doesn't involve academic mentoring."
相比之下,山大为留学生招募25人志愿者,称其“语言不通,生活极为困难”的说辞,也难怪会引起网友质疑。
By contrast, it's no wonder netizens are enraged with the news that the Qingdao branch of Shandong University had recruited 25 local students to take care of a foreign student who suffered a fractured leg in 2018.
"With limited mobility and language barriers, the student's life has become very tough," the recruitment notice reads.
"How could he become a doctor of political science if he didn't master some basic Mandarin?" a Weibo user questioned.
"I couldn't imagine if a Chinese who can't speak English applying for a doctorate in the U.S.," another user commented.
“要质疑,也要冷静”
2019年6月21日,山东大学2019年本科生毕业典礼暨学位授予仪式。
在质疑的同时,我们也需保持冷静。
学伴项目好不好?有没有存在的必要?高校实施过程该如何把握分寸?
没有人会比亲历过项目的参与者们更有发言权。
曾参与山大“学伴”项目的女生默默(化名)在接受《潇湘晨报》采访时表示,参加过的都是群体活动。
“学校办过冬天一起包饺子的活动,办过学中国书法的活动,这些弘扬中国传统文化的活动,到了一些网民口中怎么就成了崇洋媚外?”
山大研究生郑璐也对《每日人物》表达了自己连续两年参加学伴项目的感受。
“前年,学校还没有改成‘一对三’,给我匹配到的是来自多米尼加的男生。他是多米尼加全国选拔来中国留学的五个学生之一,学习非常努力。我们之间约定单周说英文,双周说中文,彼此的口语都流利了不少。”
还有一名男生向《澎湃新闻》解释,山大本来就女生偏多,而留学生中又男生居多,再加上女生参加校园活动相对更为积极,所以出现了“三伴一”的情况。
该发声时发声,但同时,舆论也不应恶意伤害山大学生。
“学无止境,气有浩然”
2011年,山东大学110周年校庆前夕,山大变更校训为——“学无止境,气有浩然。”
气有浩然,气有浩然。
无论是学校或是职能部门,都不应该在“国籍”差别之下选择性管理。
在不卑不亢、平等相处的基础上友好往来,才能留住更多国内学生,吸引更多留学生。