上海犹太难民纪念馆加速“重启”，曾是犹太人的“诺亚方舟”

The Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum is located in Hongkou District, Shanghai, China. /CFP

2020年9月3日，是中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利75周年纪念日。

为迎接纪念日的到来，上海犹太难民纪念馆正加速“重启”，步入扩建工程的最后“冲刺”阶段。

8月11日，馆长陈俭表示，扩建后的纪念馆将于年底前布展完毕，届时将重新对外开放。

After nearly two years of expansion, the Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum, which witnessed some 20,000 Jewish refugees flood into Shanghai to seek sanctuary during World War II, will open to public again by the end of this year, said its curator Chen Jian on Tuesday.

据陈俭透露，扩建重开后，纪念馆的整体面积将从原来的900平方米增至4000平方米，展品也预计将从150件扩容到上千件。

Chen said the total area will be expanded from 900 square meters to 4,000 square meters, while the total exhibits are expected to increase from 150 to more than 1,000.

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犹太人的“诺亚方舟”

上海犹太难民纪念馆旧址为犹太摩西会堂，始建于1927年，是二战期间犹太难民经常举行聚会和宗教活动的重要场所。

1933年至1941年间，上海接纳了成千上万名为逃离纳粹的屠杀和迫害而从欧洲来沪的犹太难民，为他们撑起了一艘“诺亚方舟”。

An external view of the Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum, Shanghai, China. /Xinhua

据统计，共有约20,000名犹太难民曾生活在如今纪念馆所在的虹口提篮桥地区的“无国籍难民限定居住区”中。

他们与当地居民和谐相处、共渡难关，至1945年二战结束时，大多数犹太难民得以幸存。

Located on the site of the former Ohel Moshe Synagogue that was built in 1927, the museum has been a constant reminder of how this Chinese city saved tens of thousands of Jews fleeing the Holocaust.

为了向公众更好地介绍这段历史，上海犹太难民纪念馆于2018年启动扩建工程。

如今，即将完成扩建的纪念馆将以更丰富的史料、更生动的呈现方式，展示中国人民和犹太人民在艰难岁月中结下的深情厚谊。

The synagogue-turned museum was launched in 2007 and started its expansion project in 2018.

After the expansion, it will showcase more historical artifacts, among them a number of photographs, refugee passports and copies of the newspaper Shanghai Jewish Chronicle, allowing visitors to better understand the history of Jewish refugees in Shanghai during World War II.

Some items on display at the Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum, Shanghai, China, May 27, 2017. /CFP

馆长陈俭表示，近日，纪念馆还迎来了回归馆内的一件重要展品——由上海犹太难民贝蒂·格里本席科夫（Betty Grebenschikoff）于2013年捐赠的一件婚纱。

这件婚纱已有70多年历史——

• 1939年，贝蒂跟随父母及亲友到上海避难，一直待到二战胜利后；

• 1948年，贝蒂在上海结婚，她的婆婆亲手为她缝制了这件婚纱；

• 多年以后，贝蒂的三个女儿中又有两个女儿穿着这件婚纱步入婚姻殿堂……

历经战火岁月的洗礼，这件婚纱如今成为贝蒂及其后代对这段历史的一种记忆传承。

According to Chen, a wedding dress worn by Betty Grebenschikoff during her wartime sojourn in Shanghai returned to the museum on Tuesday after cleaning and maintenance.

然而，由于时间久远，这件绸缎质地的婚纱已经出现面料老旧氧化、抽丝、脱线等问题。

于是，在扩建过程中，纪念馆遍访各地寻找“拯救”文物的方法，这才终于还原了这件婚纱的本来面貌。

据介绍，待纪念馆重新开放时，贝蒂的婚纱将与其他上千件展品一同亮相，这些展品也将在扩建修缮后的展馆中得到更好的保存。

When the museum reopens, the dress will be on display along with other items, some of which will meet the public eye for the first time.

Grebenschikoff is a Jewish refugee now living in the United States. She donated the attire, which has been used by her and her children and seen tough times, to the museum in 2013.

The interior view of the Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum, Shanghai, China, May 27, 2017. /CFP

近年来，上海犹太难民纪念馆接待了大批前来此地“寻根”的二战犹太难民幸存者及其后裔。

他们的回忆与捐赠，成为全世界共同铭记这段苦难历史的宝贵财富。

Shanghai, before and during the period, was a safe harbor to tens of thousands of European Jewish who moved to the city to escape Nazi atrocities.

They mostly settled in an area along the northern part of the Suzhou River, which was called the Restricted Sector for Stateless Refugees or the Shanghai Ghetto.

正如馆长陈俭所说——“这段历史所承载的内容不仅仅是中国人自己的”，它更是两个民族共同的记忆。

因为它记录下了这样一段故事——

饱受战争蹂躏的中国人，在民族生死存亡的关键时刻，毫不犹豫地向另一个同样需要帮助的民族伸出援手。

而正是这样的故事，让人性的光辉在炮火纷飞的年代里，闪烁依旧。

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