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数观 | 聚焦第七次全国人口普查
数据显示，我国人口10年来继续保持低速增长态势，总人口为14.1178亿人。
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China released key indicators from the seventh national population census on Tuesday. The data provides fresh insights into China's latest demographic trends and reveals vital information that will contribute to the country's policymaking over the next 10 years.
The once-in-a-decade survey was particularly closely watched amid speculation that China, the world's most populous country, may have experienced a decline in its population. However, the census data showed that the Chinese mainland's population maintained mild growth momentum over the past decade.
Here are six takeaways from the report.
1. 人口增长 | Total population increases
全国人口共141178万人，与2010年（第六次全国人口普查数据）的133972万人相比，增加7206万人，增长5.38%，年平均增长率为0.53%，比2000年到2010年的年平均增长率0.57%下降0.04个百分点。数据表明，我国人口10年来继续保持低速增长态势。
The total population of China's mainland increased to 1.41 billion in 2020 from 1.34 billion 10 years earlier. The average annual growth rate did decrease, however, down by 0.04 percent from the rate recorded in the previous national census.
In short, while China's population continued to grow over the past decade, the rate of growth has slowed.
2. 年龄构成 | Proportions of old and young up
与2010年相比，0—14岁、15—59岁、60岁及以上人口的比重分别上升1.35个百分点、下降6.79个百分点、上升5.44个百分点。我国少儿人口比重回升，生育政策调整取得了积极成效。
A breakdown of the share of China's population by age group reveals some surprising insights.
There has been much focus on "aging populations" around the world, and China is no exception. The data latest shows an increase in the share of the population aged above 65 years old, from 8.9 percent in 2010 to 13.5 percent in 2020.
However, there has also been an increase in the share of the child population, those from 0 to 14 years old, from a decade ago, as the country altered its fertility policy in 2016, allowing all couples to have two children. The new census data suggest that the adjustment has achieved positive results.
3. 户别人口 | Size of the family drops
平均每个家庭户的人口为2.62人，比2010年的3.10人减少0.48人。家庭户规模继续缩小，主要是受我国人口流动日趋频繁和住房条件改善年轻人婚后独立居住等因素的影响。
Family households continued to downsize over the past 10 years, a trend resulting from factors including increased population mobility and the fact that young people after marriage are now more likely to live separately from their parents in improved housing conditions.
The average size of a family household for the first time fell below 3, reaching 2.62 persons in 2020, down from 3.10 in 2010.
4. 受教育程度人口 | Education levels rise
与2010年相比，每10万人中具有大学文化程度的由8930人上升为15467人，15岁及以上人口的平均受教育年限由9.08年提高至9.91年，文盲率由4.08%下降为2.67%。
Educational attainment levels have risen markedly over the past 10 years, the census data suggests, with 154,670 people in every 1 million having a college education or above, up by 65,370 compared to a decade ago.
The average years of schooling for people aged 15 and above increased from 9.09 years to 9.91 years, while the illiteracy rate dropped from 4.08 percent to 2.67 percent. The continued improvement of educational attainment indicates that measures to promote higher education and eradicate illiteracy among young and middle-aged adults have had a positive impact.
Talent dividends brought by improved education levels have replaced demographic dividends. With a more educated population, China's vast workforce will continue to offer strong support for the country's high-quality development.
5. 城镇化进程 | Urbanization rate surges
与2010年相比，城镇人口增加23642万人，乡村人口减少16436万人，城镇人口比重上升14.21个百分点。
With the in-depth development of China's new industrialization, informatization, and agricultural modernization, and the implementation of a policy to help people who have relocated from rural to urban areas to gain permanent urban residency, China's urbanization drive has advanced steadily over the past 10 years.
The share of the urban population grew by 14.2 percentage points, according to the census data, up from 49.7 percent to 63.9 percent.
6. 性别构成 | Gender ratio stable
男性人口为72334万人，占51.24%；女性人口为68844万人，占48.76%。总人口性别比（以女性为100，男性对女性的比例）为105.07，与2010年基本持平，略有降低。出生人口性别比为111.3，较2010年下降6.8。
Of the national population, 51.2 percent were males and 48.8 percent were females in 2020. China's gender ratio remained steady from the last decade, basically the same level with a slight decline.
Yet, the gender ratio, male to female, at birth was 111.3, down by 6.8 compared to the last census.
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