CGTN时评 | 中国是否在“逆流而动”？

2015年，“红宝书”登上英国新闻头条。当时的影子内阁财政大臣约翰•麦克唐奈（John McDonnell）用《毛主席语录》（又称“红宝书”）中的语句批评时任英国财政大臣乔治•奥斯本（George Osborne）向中国出售国家资产的计划，引发一片哗然。为何如今仍有人用“红宝书”大做文章呢？一个可悲的事实是，苏联解体几十年后，西方仍将共产党和共产党领导下的中国视作异类。如果仅仅因为是共产党执政，便将中国视作逆流而动的异类，那么这一评判标准理应受到质疑。意识形态不能作为判定邪恶国家的依据。

Editor's note: "Roots of China's Growth" is a 10-episode series marking the centenary of the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), which has presided over the country's meteoric rise as a global power. The series focuses on 10 fundamental elements of the strategy that has led to China's transformation from an impoverished nation over the past 100 years. "China's ideology" is the fifth in the series. The article is part of a Special Series from CGTN and its international media partners.

2015年，“红宝书”登上英国新闻头条。当时的影子内阁财政大臣约翰•麦克唐奈（John McDonnell）用《毛主席语录》（又称“红宝书”）中的语句批评时任英国财政大臣乔治•奥斯本（George Osborne）向中国出售国家资产的计划，引发一片哗然。

In 2015, the Little Red Book made the headlines in the UK. The then Shadow Chancellor John McDonnell sparked a storm after using the Quotations of Chairman Mao – or the Little Red Book – to criticize then Chancellor George Osborne's attempt to sell off state assets to China.

为何如今仍有人用“红宝书”大做文章呢？

Why is there still a fuss over the Little Red Book in today's world? 

一个可悲的事实是，苏联解体几十年后，西方仍将共产党和共产党领导下的中国视作异类。即便是在21世纪的今天，虽然西方国家与共产主义政党执政的国家有着千丝万缕的经济联系，他们却一如既往地对社会主义国家心怀厌恶和敌意。对于麦克唐奈来说，在国会大声朗读“红宝书”是让奥斯本陷入难堪的简单却又有效的方式，尽管最终他自己受到了更多的批评。

It is a sad fact: Decades after the fall of the Soviet Union, the West still views the Communist Party – thus Communist Party-led China – as an alien. Even in the 21st century, Western countries, despite their close economic ties, insist on aversion and hostility against countries ruled by communist parties. Reading out the Little Red Book in parliament seemed an easy but effective way to embarrass Osborne, though much of the criticism was ultimately directed at McDonnell. 

中国为国际社会所做的努力是无可否认的，但西方要占据世界主导地位的执念意味着，中国作为颇具影响力的非西方文明，注定要被视作“异类”。

China's efforts within the international community cannot be denied. But Western pursuit of global dominance determines that China, as an influential non-Western civilization, is an "alien."

中国和西方的政治体制完全不同，因此某些企图向全世界输出西方价值观的国家自19世纪开始便一直对中国虎视眈眈。在帝国主义时代，中国成功抵御了西方侵略，这进一步激怒了那些自认有权决定人类命运的狂徒。

With totally different political systems, China, since the 19th century, has been a target of countries seeking to spread Western values across the world. The country's successful resistance against Western aggression in the era of imperialism has further angered those who arrogate to themselves the right to determine the destiny of humankind.

A child lays a flower to pay tribute at the Museum of the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression in Beijing, China, September 3, 2020. /Xinhua

今日西方与中国的意识形态之争便是在这样的背景下产生的。

This is the context of today's West-China ideological fight. 

西方政客和媒体全方位妖魔化中国和中国共产党，甚至企图离间党和中国人民。但这并不代表中国共产党真的是魔鬼。 

Some Western politicians and media outlets demonize China and the Communist Party of China (CPC) on all fronts, even seeking to split the CPC from the Chinese people. But this does not mean the CPC is a monster.

几年前有一本畅销的中国政治史教材，名为《中国逆流而动》。有意思的是，作者马克•布莱彻（Marc Blecher）对中国做出了与书名相矛盾的描述：这个中共领导下的社会主义国家从未试图成为不同于他国的异类，也无意挑战现有的国际关系模式。

A few years ago, China Against the Tides was a bestselling college textbook on Chinese political history. Interestingly, the author Marc Blecher depicts China in a way that contradicts the book's title: The CPC-led socialist state has never attempted to be an alien to the rest of the world. It is not a challenger to the current model of international relations.

没错，中国确实是由共产主义者领导。但这与人民的利益并不相悖，也不意味着中国抵制现代思想。

Yes, China is led by communists. But this does not conflict with people's interests or mean opposition to modern ideas. 

自19世纪开始，一系列观念在世界范围内广泛传播，例如经济学中的市场机制、政治学中的代议制、主权国家在国际关系中相互尊重的原则和科学思维等。如果这些代表着现代化的潮流，那么共产党领导下的中国也在与时俱进，而非逆流而动。

Since the 19th century, several ideas – market mechanisms in economics, representative systems in politics, mutual respect as sovereign states in international relations and scientific thinking – spread across the world. If these are the tides of modernization, CPC-led China is conforming to, not opposing, them.

在这样的背景下，中华人民共和国于1971年正式获得联合国承认，并于2001年获批加入世贸组织，成为全球第二大经济体。

In this context, the People's Republic of China was officially recognized by the UN in 1971, permitted access to the WTO in 2001 and became the world's second largest economy.

Chinese Foreign Trade Minister Shi Guangsheng signs the WTO accession documents, 2001. /Getty

中国之所以能够取得这样的成就是因为在共产党的领导下，中国开辟出了一条适合国情的发展道路。

It has come this far because a CPC-led China blazed a development path that suits the country's national conditions. 

第一，这是一条立足中国现实的道路。中国拒绝盲目追随他人脚步，而是通过借鉴中华文明的传统智慧和别国经验适应时代变迁。

First, it is a path based on China's realities. Refusing to blindly follow others' footsteps, China has adapted to the changing times, drawing on the wisdom of its civilization and lessons from other countries. 

其次，这是一条以人民利益为本的道路。中国共产党依循以人为本的发展理念，致力于改善民生；同时坚持以政府来自人民、植根人民、服务人民作为指导思想。将人民群众放在首位一直是中共在革命、建设和改革中的制胜法宝。

Second, it is a path that puts people's interests first. Following a people-oriented development philosophy, the CPC is committed to improving people's livelihood. It insists that the government should be of the people, by the people and for the people. Ensuring the people are the top priority has been the key to the CPC's success in revolution, construction, and reform.

第三，这是一条以科学思维追求创新的道路。中国在前进的道路上常常面临着这样或那样的挑战。但在中共的领导下，中国一直积极寻求创新性解决方案，同时改进思维和行事方式。中共领导的中国遵循科学原则，释放出了巨大的社会活力，不断加速向前发展。

Third, it is a path that pursues innovation with scientific thinking. Challenges are common in China's way forward. But under CPC leadership, the country has actively sought innovative solutions, while reforming the ways of both thinking and acting. Following the principles of science, CPC-led China has unleashed tremendous social vitality, accelerating its development.

A foldable phone on display at the 7th China Information Technology Expo in Shenzhen, April 9, 2019. /VCG

在打造开放型经济的过程中，中国反对贸易保护主义，在与其他国家的贸易往来中坚持遵循民主原则并遵守规则，成为了全球经济治理中的重要参与者和贡献者。

China is on a path to building an open economy. China opposes trade protectionism and has been adhering to democratic and rules-based principles in trade with other countries. In doing so, it has become an important participant and contributor to global economic governance.

中国在这些方面所做的努力都是与时俱进，而非逆流而动。这是中国创造出发展奇迹的原因。

China's endeavors in these regards flow with, not against, the tide. This explains China's developmental miracle.

这也是中国对全球治理所做的贡献。虽然西方对共产主义和共产主义政党抱有偏见，但中共倡导不同国家之间寻求共同利益。中国的“人类命运共同体”构想强调各国在全球治理中共商、共建、共享、共赢。这正是时代的需要。

It is also China's contribution to global governance. Despite Western biases against communism and communist parties, the CPC has sought common interests among different countries. China's vision of a community with a shared future for mankind features extensive consultation, joint contributions, and shared benefits in global governance. These are what are required in our times.

放眼未来，中共领导下的中国将一如既往地协调国内政策与国际规则，并致力于维护国际交往中的公平与正义。

Looking forward, China, under CPC leadership, will continue to coordinate its domestic policies with global rules and work to safeguard fairness and justice on international occasions. 

如果仅仅因为是共产党执政，便将中国视作逆流而动的异类，那么这一评判标准理应受到质疑。

If China is still seen as against the tide just because it is led by a communist party, then it is time to question this criterion in reaching this conclusion.

意识形态不能作为判定邪恶国家的依据。

Ideology cannot be grounds to convict a country as an evil state. 

作者系中国人民大学国家发展与战略研究院研究员夏璐
Associate Professor Xia Lu is a research fellow at the National Academy of Development & Strategy, Renmin University of China. The article is in association with the Major Innovation & Planning Interdisciplinary Platform for the "Double-First Class" Initiative, Renmin University of China.

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