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航天员在空间站如何洗衣服?

CGTN CGTN 2022-03-17
6月17日,航天员聂海胜、刘伯明、汤洪波成为首批进驻中国空间站的航天员,实行天地同步作息。空间站里的摄像机独家记录了他们生活和工作的点滴。
 
网友们更好奇的是,航天员在天上待三个月,这期间他们如何洗澡、洗头、洗衣服呢?
  
How do astronauts do laundry in space?  

That's a good question.
 


航天员在太空生活时怎么洗衣服?

答案是不洗。


航天员中心航天员系统副总设计师刘伟波说,“在轨最宝贵的是水,我们要实现节省,就是要把水循环起来。洗衣服用了洗衣粉、清洗剂,还有人身上掉下来的物质,水被污染以后很难再净化。基于这样一个成本的考虑,我们在轨是不洗衣服的。”
 
“用一次性的服装系统,定期更换、废弃,比用水来洗的成本要低得多。一次性服装系统,最经常更换的是内衣,次经常更换的是运动衫、袜子,还有一些保持时间一个月以上的礼服、工作服等等,都是按点更换,按需更换。”
 
"Water is the most valuable thing in the space. We use a disposable clothing system instead of freshwater as it's much cheaper.
 
"The clothing system, including underwear, sweatshirts, socks, and work clothes, is changed at a certain time." Liu Weibo said.
 


航天员能洗澡、洗头发吗?

答案是湿毛巾➕免洗洗发液。


中国载人航天工程航天员系统总设计师黄伟芬介绍说,“不可能像咱们在地面这样来洗淋浴,我们就会给他们准备一些湿毛巾,他们可以把湿毛巾加热以后擦拭。洗头我们准备了浴帽,把浴帽套在头上,用免洗的洗发液揉搓,洗完了之后擦干净。”

"It's impossible for them to take a shower as we do on the ground, so we prepare some wet towels for them to wipe their bodies," said Huang Weifen, chief designer of the astronaut system for China's manned space project. "We've got a shower cap for astronauts to wear, and they can apply wash-free shampoo to their hair and then wipe it off."



全球共同致力解决空间站洗衣问题
 
目前,国际空间站宇航员穿的都是一次性衣物。无论内衣、袜子还是运动服,宇航员会一直穿,实在太脏才扔掉。宇航员在国际空间站每天要锻炼两个小时,所穿衣物很快就又脏又臭,由于浸过汗水甚至变得“僵硬”。
 
估算下来,每年宇航员要扔掉大量脏衣物。这些衣物和其他垃圾一起,装在货运飞船中,重入地球大气层时燃烧殆尽。
 
美国国家航空航天局每年平均需为一名在太空生活的宇航员运送约68公斤衣物。考虑到太空货运飞船空间有限、运营成本昂贵,这是一笔不小支出。如果有朝一日人类在月球或火星建立基地,这个问题更急需解决。
 
据美联社报道,目前美国大型快消企业致力于与美国国家航空航天局合作,计划在今年晚些时候和明年分别向国际空间站运送特制洗衣剂和衣物去污笔,帮助研究如何在太空清洁衣物。
 

According to AP news, astronauts everywhere are facing the same problem.
 
They wear their underwear, gym clothes, and everything else until they can no longer take the filth, then they toss them in the trash.
 
NASA wants to solve this problem. Astronauts need about 150 pounds (68 kilograms) of clothes in space per year, so a solution needs to be found sooner than later.
 
NASA has teamed up with a global consumer goods corporation to figure out how to best clean astronauts' clothes in space. Last week, the pair announced they would send special detergent and stain removal experiments to the International Space Station.

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