中国大发新冠疫苗财？这只是一个美国炒作的谬论

编者按：7月15日，《华盛顿邮报》专栏记者约什·罗根发表《美国向联合国捐款，中国却大发疫苗财？》一文，不仅污蔑中国疫苗是不合格的次品，更造谣中国政府从新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划（COVAX）中牟利。

面对不实指控，刘欣义愤填膺，决定亮剑出击，在英文主流媒体上发文予以正面回击，以正视听。来看看刘欣在文章里说了什么！

以下是文章全文及中文翻译：

中国在通过多边新冠疫苗供应计划大发疫苗财，还巧取美国纳税人的捐款？某些美国政客和空谈家提出了这一论断。听起来像一桩惊天丑闻，但事实果真如此吗？

Is China profiteering through a multilateral Covid-19 vaccine program and pocketing US taxpayers’ money? That claim has been made by some American politicians and pundits, and it sounds like a juicy scandal – but is it the real story here?

全球疫苗免疫联盟（Gavi）日前与中国国药集团和科兴公司签署了新冠肺炎疫苗预购协议。这为世界各地的人们锁定了多达5.5亿剂的疫苗。

Gavi, the global vaccine alliance, recently signed deals with Chinese companies Sinopharm and Sinovac to purchase their Covid-19 vaccines. This means securing up to 550 million doses for people around the world.

这些疫苗将通过新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划（COVAX）分发，该机制由全球疫苗免疫联盟和世界卫生组织共同领导，致力于确保疫苗公平分配。目前的目标是在2021年向全球提供20亿剂疫苗；到2022年初向92个低收入经济体提供18亿剂疫苗。

The doses will be circulated through the COVAX Facility, the multilateral effort co-led by Gavi and the World Health Organization to ensure the equitable distribution of vaccines. The current goal is to deliver 2 billion doses worldwide in 2021, and 1.8 billion doses to 92 lower-income economies by early next year.

但预购协议的签署立即引发了部分美国人的不满，他们扬言，中国还未向新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划捐款或捐赠疫苗，因此中国应该免费提供这些疫苗。

But the agreements have triggered immediate displeasure in some quarters in the US, and a drumbeat that, since China has not donated cash or vaccines to COVAX, it should have provided the shots for free.

而且，因为全球疫苗免疫联盟接受美国的资助，这些协议明显意味着美国纳税人在为“北京的阴谋”买单。

Also, because Washington contributes financially to Gavi, it apparently means that US taxpayers are funding “Beijing’s scheme”.

首先，我们来了解一下新冠肺炎疫苗实施计划的运作模式。在被纳入计划之前，疫苗需要被世卫组织或世卫组织承认的机构列入“紧急使用清单”。全球疫苗免疫联盟再通过和疫苗生产厂家（而不是政府）签订订购协议来获得疫苗。

First, let’s understand how COVAX works. Before vaccines are included in the portfolio, they should be approved for emergency use by the WHO or WHO-recognised authorities. The shots are obtained through purchase deals, signed between Gavi and drug companies, not governments.

之前，全球疫苗免疫联盟已经与9家疫苗或候选疫苗厂家签订了协议，包括牛津-阿斯利康、辉瑞和莫德纳。中国公司生产的疫苗在今年5月和6月分别获得世卫组织认证后，全球疫苗免疫联盟与这些公司的签约只是遵循了标准做法。

Previously, Gavi had signed such deals with producers of nine vaccines or vaccine candidates, including AstraZeneca/Oxford, Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna. When Gavi signed up the Chinese companies after their shots were certified by the WHO in May and June this year, it was following standard practice.

这些中国公司是否从签约中牟利? 知情人士表示，这些的疫苗的报价远低于其国内价格，与其他疫苗的报价相当。

Are the Chinese companies “profiteering” from the sale? A source familiar with the matter told me the shots are being supplied at a fraction of their domestic prices, about the same cost as some other vaccines.

另外，世卫组织指出，中国产的疫苗易于储存，“非常适用于低资源环境”。因此，声称中国政府从这些协议中牟利的说法简直荒谬。

Plus, their easy storage requirements make them “highly suitable for low-resource settings”, according to the WHO. Therefore, to claim that the Chinese government is profiteering from the deals is simply absurd.

为了让这些协议听上去更令人震惊，中国产的疫苗还被污蔑为“不合格”。是吗？这些疫苗肯定符合世卫组织的标准。在临床试验和实际接种中，国药、科兴疫苗都被证明能高效防止重症及死亡。

The deals were made to look more egregious with allegations that the Chinese vaccines are subpar. Are they? They certainly meet WHO standards. In trials and actual use, both have proven highly effective in preventing severe cases and death.

科兴公司与一个人口4.6万的巴西小城塞拉纳共同进行的接种试验很能说明问题。在几乎所有成年人接种之后，用一家美国通讯社的话说，该市成了一个“几近正常的绿洲”。唯一的危重病例是一名拒绝接种的年长女性。

A trial carried out by Sinovac in collaboration with the Brazilian city of Serrana, with a population of 46,000, speaks volumes. After nearly every adult was inoculated, the city became “an oasis of near normalcy”, in the words of an American news wire. The only critical case was an elderly woman who rejected the shot.

另一方面，有报道显示，接种其他国家生产的疫苗后感染新冠病毒的情况时有发生。最近一个备受关注的案例是英国新任卫生大臣萨伊德·贾维德（Sajid Javid），他感染新冠病毒之前已经注射了两剂英国产疫苗。在此祝他早日康复。

On the other hand, there are reports of infections occurring after inoculation with vaccines produced in other countries. The latest such high-profile case is the new British Health Secretary Sajid Javid. He tested positive after receiving two British jabs. I wish him a quick recovery.

在英国，尽管近七成的成年人已接种了两剂疫苗，但近期单日新增感染人数仍高达四万八千人。尽管如此，说这些疫苗不合格并不公平，因为牵涉的因素太多了，特别是新冠病毒不断变化的特性。

Despite nearly 70 percent of Britain’s adult population getting two doses, the country recently recorded 48,000 infections in a single day. Still, it would not be fair to discuss these shots as subpar, given the many factors at play, the biggest of which is the enigmatic nature of the virus.

我不想把疫苗问题政治化，只是想指出，在世界各国理应团结起来对付一个共同敌人的时刻，在疫苗以及其他疫情防控措施上有些地带存在明显的双重标准。

I don’t mean to politicize vaccines, only to point out that there are distinct double standards in some quarters on vaccines and other efforts to control the pandemic, at a time when the world should be uniting to fight a common enemy.

多个外国驻华大使告诉我，他们争先恐后为本国获取中国疫苗，因为中国疫苗有效、有货，还没有什么附带条件（例如为制药公司提供法律豁免权）。

Multiple foreign ambassadors to China told me they raced to secure shots from China because they were effective and available, with no strings attached (no legal immunity for drug makers, for example).

在欧盟和美国生产的疫苗由于产能有限和出口限制等原因需要等待很久时，其他地方生产的疫苗已经在拯救生命。

While you had to wait a long time to obtain shots produced in the European Union and the U.S., due to their limited capacity and export controls, those made elsewhere were already saving lives.

截至7月初，中国企业已经向100多个国家和国际组织提供了5亿剂新冠疫苗和原液。其中有80个国家接受了免费疫苗捐赠。

By early July, Chinese companies had provided half a billion doses and concentrates to over 100 countries and international organizations. Among these, 80 countries received free shots.

至于为什么中国还没有向COVAX捐赠疫苗，这主要是因为世卫组织的紧急使用授权近期才通过。随着国药和科兴的疫苗获得认证，中国将有条件做出更大的贡献。

Why has China yet to donate shots to COVAX? Largely because the WHO authorization came only recently. Now, with the Sinopharm and Sinovac vaccines certified, China will be in a position to contribute more.

虽然中国尚未向COVAX捐款，但已向世卫组织捐赠了5000万美元的现金，专门用于抗击疫情。因此，说中国在多边平台一毛不拔完全是在误导公众。

In terms of cash, although China has yet to make a donation to COVAX, it has given the WHO US$50 million to help fight the pandemic. To suggest that China is doing nothing on the multilateral front is misleading.

现在，请扪心自问：中国产的已获认证、价格实惠的疫苗成为货源，全球疫苗免疫联盟应该拒绝吗，特别是在德尔塔变种愈发威胁全球人民的健康之际？低收入国家的疫苗缺口巨大，您会如何回答呢？

Now, ask yourself: when certified and affordable shots from China become available, should Gavi reject them, especially when the Delta variant is posing a rising risk to global health? Given that low-income countries are direly short of vaccines, what’s your answer?

指控中国图谋大发疫苗财已经够坏了，更糟糕的是煽动恐惧，说中国在侵吞美国纳税人的钱。

It’s bad enough to allege that a Chinese scheme aims to profiteer from a pandemic. It’s worse to stoke a fear that China is pocketing US taxpayers’ money.

《华盛顿邮报》近期一篇评论文章中引用了一位美国高级官员的话说，美国捐赠给全球疫苗免疫联盟的款项不会用于购买中国疫苗。他说，“全球疫苗免疫联盟不会用美国捐赠的资金来采购国药和科兴疫苗”。无需多言。

According to a senior US official cited in a recent opinion article in The Washington Post, it’s not US-donated money that is being used to pay the Chinese companies. “Gavi will not use funds attributable to US contributions to support the Sinopharm and Sinovac procurement,” the official said. Period.

抨击中国的同时，这些人在赞颂美国在疫苗援助方面的慷慨。可是，任何国家的慷慨行为都应该受到欢迎。现在的目标是尽早保护弱势群体。令人遗憾的是，有些人口口声声要捍卫人权，同时又将意识形态和大国竞争凌驾于生命之上。

While bashing China, these same people laud the generosity of US vaccine aid. But whichever country decides to act generously, it should be welcome. The goal is to protect disadvantaged people at the earliest. It’s a pity that ideology and power politics come before human lives for some people, although they claim to defend human rights.

对他们来说，维系全球主导地位似乎比迅速分发安全的疫苗来得更重要。而误导公众、煽动民粹主义情绪，使事情变得更糟。并非什么北京“阴谋”，这种（误导和煽动）行为才真正辜负了饱受疫情困扰的世界。

For them, maintaining global dominance seems more important than distributing safe shots quickly. But misleading the public and fanning populist sentiment make matters worse. Instead of any “scheme” by Beijing, it is such behavior that lets down a pandemic-stricken world.

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