观察家 | “稳”字当头为中国发展保驾护航
I'm Robert Lawrence Kuhn and here's what I'm watching: The 2022 "Two Sessions," Lianghui, China’s annual political meetings, with stability as highest priority. While stability has always been important in Chinese policymaking, it seems that, this year, stability has taken on even greater significance.
我是罗伯特•劳伦斯•库恩，以下是我正在关注的：2022年两会——中国的年度政治盛会，稳定成为其重中之重。虽然中国在政策制定中一直强调稳定，但今年，稳定似乎有着更为深远的含义。
Here's what I find fascinating. In the past, some foreign China-watchers would criticize China for using "stability" as a justification, or as an excuse, for not reforming, or for not reforming fast enough. Now, some of those same critics look to China as a bastion of stability, an oasis of stability, in a world wracked by volatility and uncertainty - whether from the vicissitudes of nature, such as the COVID pandemic, or the hubris of humans, especially the horrific catastrophe of kinetic conflict.
我观察到有趣的一点。过去，一些外国的中国问题观察员批评中国用“稳定”作为托辞或借口，规避改革，或拖延改革。如今，他们其中的一些人转而视中国为稳固的堡垒，安宁的绿洲。当今国际局势动荡，充满了不确定性，既有自然的无常，如新冠肺炎疫情，也有人类的狂妄，如动乱冲突带来的灾难，。
How does China's Two Sessions reflect stability? Two broad categories: process and content – both based on the rule of law.
中国的两会是如何体现稳定的呢？主要在两大方面：过程和内容——两者都建立在依法治国的基础之上。
Regarding process, the National People’s Congress, the NPC, China’s highest legislative body, and the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference, the CPPCC, China’s highest advisory body, review the results of the past year and preview the forecasts of the current year. The process is founded on a structured, iterative system of research and investigations; discussions, draftings and redraftings; and soliciting comments from all constituencies before draft laws are formally enacted.
从过程上来说，全国人民代表大会，这一中国最高立法机构，和中国人民政治协商会议，这一中国最高协商机构要回顾过去一年成果和审议当年规划。法案在正式确立之前，要经过调查研究、讨论、形成草案稿和修改草案稿，和向社会公开征求意见等流程，构成了一个结构完整的全过程。
Regarding content, in the 12 months prior to the 2022 Two Sessions, 17 laws were enacted, 22 laws were amended, and 10 decisions on legal and other major issues were made.
内容方面，2022年两会召开前的一年里，制定法律17件，修改法律22件，作出有关法律问题和重大问题的决定10件。
For example, the draft amendment to the Local Organization Law promotes local people's congresses and local governments to better practice the people-centered development philosophy. Specific provisions require normative documents to go through procedures such as evaluation and demonstration, public consultation, legality review, and collective deliberation and decision-making.
比如《地方组织法》的修正草案，鼓励地方人民代表大会和地方政府更好地践行以人民为中心的发展理念。根据修正草案，制定规范性文件，应当经过评估论证、公开征求意见、合法性审查、集体审议决定等程序。
Another example is the revision of the Science and Technology Progress Law, which supports self-reliance in science and technology. The Law consists of 12 chapters and 117 articles, including basic research, applied research, enterprise innovation, regional innovation, R&D institutions, scientific and technical personnel, and international cooperation. Also included are incentive mechanisms, risk taking, tolerance for failure, science ethics, and supervision.
另外一个例子是《科学技术进步法》的修订，它旨在支持科技自立自强。修订后的法律共12章117条，包括基础研究、应用研究、企业科技创新、区域科技创新、科学技术研究开发机构、科学技术人员、国际科学技术合作等。修订后的科技进步法也增加了激励机制、承担风险、宽容失败、科技伦理和监督体系等内容。
Stability drives China’s economic and social plan for 2022, including: prudent monetary policy, employment of college graduates, heightened concern for food security, and increased social services such as elderly care, among other stability-generating policies.
稳定是中国2022年经济和社会规划的核心，涉及实施稳健的货币政策、做好高校毕业生就业工作、提升粮食安全以及提供更好的社会服务，如养老等与维护稳定相关的政策。
China’s stability as the foundation of economic development has always been good for the Chinese people. Now foreigners are recognizing that China’s stability is also welcome as a ballast of world peace and a sustainer of the world economy.
稳定，作为经济发展的基石一直有益于中国民众。目前，外国人也逐渐意识到，中国的稳定，对于维护世界和平、支撑全球经济发展同样必不可少。
But stability is not a natural state of human affairs. Stability is not the status quo; nor is it the default case. Stability must be privileged and prized - motivated, monitored, maintained, and nurtured. Stability does not come easy. Rule of law is a necessary but not sufficient condition.
然而稳定并非人类社会的自然状态。稳定不是既成事实，也非默认状态。稳定需要追求并珍视——需要被推动、监测、维护和滋养。稳定来之不易。依法治国只是实现稳定的必要，但非充分条件。
I’m keeping watch. I’m Robert Lawrence Kuhn
我在持续观察。我是罗伯特•劳伦斯•库恩。