英媒曝光英特种部队滥杀阿富汗人

British soldiers and Afghan police in Lashkar Gah, Helmand province, Afghanistan, 2006. /CFP

12日，英国广播公司（BBC）报道了其展开的一项调查。调查显示，此前驻阿富汗的英国“特种空降部队”（SAS）曾多次杀害战俘和手无寸铁的平民。

在此次调查中，BBC分析了SAS数百页的作战记录，其中包括2010-2011年度SAS一个中队在阿富汗赫尔曼德省实施的十多次“击毙或俘虏”突袭行动的报告。

BBC报道称，军方报告显示，这支中队可能在一次为期六个月的部署中非法杀害了多达54名阿富汗人。

有证人表示，他们目睹了这支部队在夜袭中杀害平民。他们说自己看到英军人员采用所谓的“空投武器”做法，也就是在现场放置AK-47步枪以伪造现场，以此掩饰自己杀害了手无寸铁的平民。

British special forces operatives serving in the SAS repeatedly killed detainees and unarmed men in suspicious circumstances in Afghanistan, according to a new BBC investigation.

Military reports obtained by the British public broadcaster suggest that one unit from the elite British Special Air Service may have unlawfully killed as many as 54 people during one six-month tour.

The BBC Panorama investigation saw journalists go through hundreds of pages of SAS operational accounts.

They include reports covering more than a dozen "kill or capture" raids executed by one SAS squadron in Helmand between 2010 and 2011.

Several individuals who served with the squadron told the BBC they witnessed the SAS operatives kill unarmed people during night raids.

 伪造现场？知情不报？ 

据BBC报道，这支SAS中队以“藏有武器”和“交火”为由，杀死了多名阿富汗男子。

在该中队为期六个月的服役期间，造成的死亡总人数达到了三位数。但BBC调查的所有突袭行动中，却没有发现SAS成员受伤的报道。

" We found a pattern of strikingly similar reports of Afghan men being shot dead because they pulled AK-47 rifles or hand grenades from behind curtains or other furniture after having been detained."--BBC

2011年2月7日凌晨，发生在赫尔曼德省纳德阿里(Nad Ali)一个小村庄里的突袭行动造成了九名阿富汗男子的死亡，其中包括一名青少年。

根据英国军方的说法，他们在现场找到了三把AK-47步枪。也就是说，袭击中敌方武器的数量少于被打死的人数。而像这样的袭击，该中队至少还进行过六次。

"Only three AK-47s were recovered, according to the SAS account - one of at least six raids by the squadron on which the reported number of enemy weapons was fewer than the number of people killed."--BBC

BBC的报道还指出，英国特种部队前负责人马克•卡尔顿-史密斯早就听取了有关其部队“非法杀戮”的简报，却没有将证据转交给英国皇家宪兵，甚至在皇家宪兵队开始调查此事后，他依旧没有提交这些证据。

"None of the evidence was passed on to military police. The BBC discovered that statements containing the concerns were instead put into a restricted-access classified file for "Anecdotal information about extrajudicial killings", accessible only to a handful of senior special forces officers."--BBC

更骇人听闻的是，报道援引几位该部队前成员的话揭露称，SAS下辖的几个中队展开了杀人数目比赛——被调查的这支中队在驻扎期间正试图“赶超”此前部署在这里的另一支中队。

"Several people who served with special forces said that SAS squadrons were competing with each other to get the most kills, and that the squadron scrutinised by the BBC was trying to achieve a higher body count than the one it had replaced."

--BBC

 英国防部回应：结论不合理 

对于BBC的调查，英国国防部表示，无法就具体指控进行置评，一名发言人表示，英国军队在阿富汗“以勇气和专业精神服役”，并遵循“最高标准”。而曾担任英国陆军总参谋长，上个月已卸任的卡尔顿-史密斯，则拒绝就BBC的调查报道置评。

而对于BBC于7月12日晚间播出相同内容的纪录片，英国国防部作出回应指责BBC是在“已调查过的指控中得出不合理结论”，“所暗示内容不负责任且不正确”，“将前线士兵置于危险之中”。

The UK's defense ministry responded to the BBC's accusations by saying British troops had "served with courage and professionalism in Afghanistan."

The Ministry of Defense told the BBC it could not comment on specific allegations, but that did not mean it accepted the allegations' factual accuracy. 

An MoD statement read: "Neither investigation found sufficient evidence to prosecute. Insinuating otherwise is irresponsible, incorrect and puts our brave armed forces personnel at risk, both in the field and reputationally."

screenshot via Twitter

无独有偶，类似的丑闻并不是第一次被曝光。

2020年3月，澳大利亚广播公司曝光了一段2012年5月一名澳大利亚特种部队士兵随身摄像头记录下的画面——澳军士兵连开三枪杀死了一名手无寸铁、毫无威胁的阿富汗人。

2020年11月19日，澳大利亚军方公布报告，承认澳军人在阿富汗曾杀害战俘和无辜平民。澳军方证实，2005年至2016年期间，25名澳大利亚特种部队士兵在23起事件中杀害了包括平民在内的39名阿富汗人。

推荐阅读：