数观 | 智能网联汽车在中国的现状与发展

近年来，智能网联汽车产业化发展逐渐成为各方关注的焦点。在刚刚落幕的2022世界智能网联汽车大会上，公安部副部长刘钊介绍，我国汽车产业的智能化趋势在明显加快，L3级以上高度自动驾驶技术逐渐在城市出租车、干线物流、末端配送等特定场景和限定区域开展应用。

智能网联汽车（Intelligent Connected Vehicles）是指搭载先进的车载装置，并融合现代通信与网络技术，实现车与X（ 人、车、路、云端等）智能信息交换、共享，可实现“安全 、高效、舒适、节能”形式，并最终实现代替人来操作的新一代汽车。目前，国内根据美国 SAE 分级定义，以此为基础并结合现阶段中国道路交通情况的复杂性，对智能网联汽车功能等级分为了五个不同等级。智能网联汽车在中国的发展现状和未来前景如何？戳图速览↓

China is moving faster in vehicle intelligence and developing mid- to high-level autonomous driving technologies, the Ministry of Public Security recently said at the 2022 World Intelligent Connected Vehicles Conference (WICV 2022) in Beijing.

The concept of connected vehicles can be traced back to the 1990s. At the 1996 Chicago Auto Show, General Motors announced "Project Beacon" – later renamed OnStar – which was enabled by onboard sensors, live advisors and multiple intelligent algorithms.

However, the connection only allowed information flow between vehicles and operation centers. Empowered by leaps forward in technology, connected cars are now embarking on a new era of ICV.

ICVs are next-generation vehicles that utilize advanced technologies involving chips, big data and artificial intelligence, which facilitate highly-effective, safe, comfortable and energy-efficient driving, according to the National Innovation Center of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles (CICV).

ICVs in China

"Taxonomy of driving automation for vehicles," published by the Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China in August 20, 2021, officially came into effect on March 1, 2022. It is the foundation for China's ICV standards system, and provides a framework for subsequent laws, regulations and mandatory standards for autonomous driving in China.

The standard divides driving automation into six levels. Levels 0 to 2 feature driver assistance, where the system assists humans in dynamic driving tasks and the driving subject remains the driver. Levels 3 to 5 refer to more autonomous driving experiences, where the system performs dynamic driving tasks instead of humans under the designed operating conditions, and the driving subject is the system when the function is activated. 

China's ICV industry is an important driver in the high-quality development of the world's largest auto market, according to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.

In 2021, China's ICV market size reached 289 trillion yuan ($45 trillion), more than triple that of 2016. The report forecasts that the ICV market size in China will rise to 355 trillion yuan ($54 trillion) by the end of 2022.

In the first half year of 2022, the average penetration rate of the Level 2 (combined driving assistance) passenger vehicles in China's passenger vehicle market increased to 32.4 percent, up 12.7 percent year on year. The penetration rate reached 36.1 percent in June, exceeding 30 percent for four consecutive months since March 2022 and reaching an all-time high this year. 

Opportunities and challenges ahead 

Digitalization is at the core of ICVs and China is leading the digital sector worldwide, according to Oliver Zipse, chairman of the board of management of BMW AG, speaking during the WICV 2022. The progress in China's digitalization inevitably drives the development of the world's digitalization, he added. 

Chip shortages are a current challenge, and the CICV predicted the problem will continue to have a negative impact on the sales and penetration of cars with Level 2 driving assistance. 

In the process of continuous technological updates and development, China has made breakthroughs in ICV-related key technologies, such as vehicle operating systems and computing chips with large computing power, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology said in a statement on Friday. 

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