CGTN先声夺人之全景解码中国之道 ｜ 解密中国之治的文化基因

编者按：党的十八大以来，以习近平同志为核心的党中央统筹中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和世界百年未有之大变局，带领全党全国人民取得历史性成就。在党的二十大召开之际，CGTN《先声夺人》推出《全景解码中国之道》系列，十大主题，十年印记，通过十篇评论大稿，全面解读中国成功之道。此篇主题为百花齐放添信心 ，从中国千年文化的角度来分析中国治理的成功。

Editor's note: Over the past decade, China has made great accomplishments while navigating through a tumultuous global environment. As the 20th Communist Party of China National Congress approaches, CGTN First Voice has prepared a 10-part series titled "The China Path: A Panoramic Decoding" to take you through the landmarks and watershed events over the past ten years and decode the secret of China's development. This is part five of the series, focusing on China's rich and long-standing culture's contribution to the success of its governance.

近年来，来自古巴、墨西哥、埃塞俄比亚等多个国家的中共中央党校（国家行政学院）在华研修学员多次走进故宫、走进北京孔庙和国子监，切身感受了中国历史与时代的交融。有学员说：中国文化是人类历史上最古老的文化之一，中国文化充满了希望，中国的道德观念、精神观念与和谐理念让我印象深刻。有学员说：中国文化博大精深，中国的优秀文化、治国理政成就、以人为本思想为我们树立了典范，我坚信人类命运共同体必将实现。也有学员说：孔子给人类留下的哲学、思想和知识体现了中国人民的伟大和博爱，很多历史上的治国理政智慧在中国现代发展中得到体现。

In recent years, trainees from Cuba, Mexico, Ethiopia and many other countries studying at the Party School of the CPC Central Committee (China National Academy of Governance) paid visits to the Forbidden City, Beijing Temple of Confucius and Imperial College to learn more about Chinese history. They were impressed by Chinese moral and spiritual values, as well as the nation's perspective on harmony. They took careful note of China's achievements in national governance and its people-centered philosophy to build a community with a shared future for humanity. They also reflected on Confucian philosophy taking root in the Chinese people. Numerous principles of ancient governance philosophies have merged in the process of the country's modern development. 

中华优秀传统文化是中华民族的“根”和“魂”，是最深厚的文化软实力，蕴含着丰富的治国理政智慧。我们始终有这样的自信：如果没有中华五千年文明，哪里有什么中国特色？如果不是中国特色，哪有我们今天这么成功的中国特色社会主义道路？当国外治理人才与新时代中国治国理政故事和中华优秀传统文化相遇，能找到中国之治的密码吗？

Traditional Chinese culture is the "root" and "soul" of China, representing the strongest cultural soft power and holding copious wisdom for national governance. The 5,000-year history of Chinese civilization has nourished the Chinese characteristics. This is crucial to the success of the socialism with Chinese characteristics. When officials from other countries glimpse into the stories of China's effective governance in the new era and into the extraordinary traditional Chinese culture, can they discover the secret to China's successful governance?

“治大国如烹小鲜”

"Govern a big country as you would cook a small fish"

中国特色社会主义制度和国家治理体系不是从天上掉下来的，是植根中国大地、具有深厚中华文化根基、深得人民拥护的制度和治理体系。中国国家治理体系和国家治理理念具有丰厚的历史文化底蕴。在几千年的历史演进中，中华民族创造了灿烂的古代文明，形成了关于国家制度和国家治理的丰富思想。

China's socialist system and national governance model with its own characteristics did not come out of thin air. They have been developed under the country's social and cultural context. The national system and national governance have taken shape from its thousands of years of history.

“中国这么大的国家怎么治理呢？” 习近平主席这样回答，这样一个大国，这样多的人民，这么复杂的国情，领导者要深入了解国情，了解人民所思所盼，要有“如履薄冰，如临深渊”的自觉，要有“治大国如烹小鲜”的态度。“治大国如烹小鲜”就是极具中国特色的治理思想，意思是治国理政不能操之过急，也不能松弛懈怠。在实践中，中国用“五年规划”的方式有条不紊地实现发展目标，中共中央反复提的“稳中求进”工作总基调，都充分体现了这一理念。

How to govern such a big country? Chinese President Xi Jinping said that to govern a big country with so many people and so complex national conditions, the leaders of China must be aware of China's reality and aspirations of its people, treating their responsibilities with utmost care as if they are walking on thin ice or standing on the edge of an abyss, and understand that "governing a big country is like cooking a small fish." Leaders should neither overdo things nor slacken in their efforts. This philosophy is reflected in its Five-Year Plan for developments goals. The guiding principle, "seeking progress amid stability" for economic development, has been repeatedly raised by the central government.

中国共产党人始终是中国优秀传统文化的忠实继承者和弘扬者。传统文化中，大道之行、天下为公，德主刑辅、以德化人，法不阿贵、绳不挠曲，孝悌忠信、礼义廉耻，任人唯贤、选贤任能，周虽旧邦、其命维新，为官以德、天下己任等，都是值得认真研究的治理思想。这些思想中的精华是中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分，也回答了中国之治为什么好的问题。

Members of the Communist Party of China are loyal inheritors of traditional Chinese ideals – "when the way of virtue and justice prevailed, the whole world was one community," "rule by virtue, not punishment," "the law does not discriminate in favour of the rich and powerful," "the moral injunctions of fidelity to one's parents and brothers and to the monarch and friends, and the sense of propriety, justice, integrity and honour," "appoint the virtuous and the capable, " etc. – are all governance ideas worth studying. 

中国传统文化的创新表达

Innovative symbols of traditional Chinese culture

随着中国共产党带领中国人民实现了第一个百年奋斗目标，正大步迈进第二个百年奋斗目标新征程，为更好满足人民日益增长的美好生活需要，迫切要求中国特色社会主义制度和国家治理体系更加完善、不断发展。

The Chinese have achieved the first Centenary Goal and are embarking on a new journey towards the second Centenary Goal. So it's essential to improve China's model and system of national governance.

万物得其本者生，百事得其道者成。始终代表最广大人民根本利益，是中国国家制度和国家治理体系的本质属性。坚持以人民为中心，是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的重要内容，是中国共产党治国理政的根本出发点。这是中国历史上民贵君轻、政在养民，国以民为本、社稷亦为民而立等民本思想在新时代中国的创新表达。

Plants with strong roots grow well, and efforts with the right focus will ensure success. Representing the fundamental interests of the broadest masses remains the fundamental mission of China's national governance. Putting people first stands firm as a crucial component of Xi Jinping's Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and the Party's governance. 

一部中国史，是一部中华民族同贫困作斗争的历史，从古至今，中华民族对摆脱贫困、丰衣足食一直饱含深深渴望。中国共产党从成立之日起，坚持把为中国人民谋幸福、为中华民族谋复兴作为初心使命，团结带领中国人民为创造自己的美好生活进行了长期艰辛奋斗。

There are innovative representations of people-centered ideals advocated throughout China's history, e.g. "the people are the most important element in a country, and the ruler is the lightest," "politics should serve the people," "a nation is based on its people; society is also established for the benefit of its people." The Chinese nation, throughout its rich history, has sought to eradicate poverty and have people's basic needs met. Since the very day of its founding, the Party has made seeking happiness for the Chinese people and rejuvenation for the Chinese nation as its aspiration and mission over the past hundred years.

中共十八大以来，中共中央鲜明指出，贫穷不是社会主义。按照“决不能落下一个贫困地区、一个贫困群众”的思路和精准扶贫理念，中国奋力推进新时代脱贫攻坚，平均每年1000多万人脱贫，相当于一个中等国家的人口脱贫。2021年，习近平主席庄严宣布，中国全面建成了小康社会，历史性地解决了绝对贫困问题。新的征程上，中国共产党将始终着眼于实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民根本利益，着力解决发展不平衡不充分问题和人民群众急难愁盼问题，更好发展全过程人民民主，维护社会公平正义，推动人的全面发展，实现全体人民共同富裕。

After the 18th National Congress of the CPC, the central government said that poverty is not socialism, and follows the principle of "leaving no single poor area or single poor person behind" under the targeted poverty alleviation strategy. The number of people lifted out of poverty each year has averaged at over 10 million, almost equal to the population of a medium-sized country. In 2021, President Xi declared an achievement of the goal to build a moderately prosperous society in all respects, and to exterminate extreme poverty in the country. The CPC will strive to realize, safeguard and expand the fundamental interests of the people, resolve the imbalances and inadequacies in development that are of great concern to the people, by ensuring whole-process democracy, safeguarding social fairness and justice, and working towards well-rounded human development and common prosperity for all.

大道不孤，天下一家

We are not alone on the Great Way

没有哪个国家能够独自应对人类面临的各种挑战。突如其来的新冠肺炎疫情，充分说明全世界生活在一个互联互通、休戚与共的地球村里，人类是荣辱与共的命运共同体。面对疫情，中国坚持人民至上、生命至上，采取有力措施，保护了人民的生命安全和身体健康，为全球抗疫作出了重要贡献。

No country can tackle the challenges faced by humanity alone. The COVID-19 pandemic speaks volumes, since people worldwide are living in an interconnected global village with a common stake. All countries are closely connected and we share a common future. In the face of the pandemic, the Chinese government has put people's life and health first and effectively protected them.

中国共产党始终坚持爱国主义与国际主义相统一，把中国人民的幸福与世界人民的幸福紧密连接在一起。中国共产党坚持同一切爱好和平的国家和人民一道，弘扬和平、发展、公平、正义、民主、自由的全人类共同价值，推动构建人类命运共同体，实现共赢共享。

The CPC combines patriotism and internationalism in its work and sees the well-being of the Chinese as closely tied to world affairs. The Chinese government works with all peace-loving countries to uphold the shared human values of peace, development, equity, justice, democracy and freedom, build a community with a shared future for humanity, and carry out win-win cooperation.

君子和而不同。中国特色社会主义道路、理论、制度、文化不断发展，拓展了发展中国家走向现代化的途径，给世界上那些既希望加快发展又希望保持自身独立性的国家和民族提供了全新选择，为解决人类问题贡献了中国智慧和中国方案。

China espouses harmony in diversity. Its socialist system, theory, institutions and culture have opened up a new path to modernization for developing countries, offering a new option for countries and nations who wish to both accelerate development and to maintain independence.

中国的实践向世界说明了一个道理，治理一个国家，推动一个国家实现现代化，并不只有西方制度模式这一条道，各国完全可以走出自己的道路来。在发展道路问题上，只要是有利于各国繁荣富强、人民幸福的道路，就是好的发展道路。中国不“输入”外国模式，也不“输出”中国模式，不要求别国复制中国的做法。

China's practice shows the world that the Western model is not the only model for national governance and modernization. Every country can choose their own path of development. China will not import other countries' models, nor will it export or ask other countries to duplicate its style.

没有中华五千年文明，就没有所谓的中国特色。党的十八大以来的治国理念更是说明，对传统文化的继承和创新乃是解锁中国之治的密码。

The 18th National Congress of the CPC shows that the inheritance and innovation of traditional culture is the answer to China's success in national governance.

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