决策者｜APEC2024的秘鲁愿景：更加包容的合作之路

Editor's note: Decision Makers is a global platform for decision makers to share their insights on events shaping today's world. The 30th APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting with the theme "Creating a Resilient and Sustainable Future for All" is being held in San Francisco. Decision Makers has launched the "Inclusive Development for Common Prosperity" series to keep abreast with the latest developments. In this article, Marco V. Balarezo, Peruvian ambassador to China, shared his thoughts on this topic. The article reflects the author's opinion and not necessarily the views of CGTN.
编者按：决策者是一个全球平台，供决策者分享他们对影响当今世界之事件的见解。亚太经合组织第三十次领导人非正式会议在美国旧金山举行。会议主题是"为所有人创造一个有韧性和可持续的未来"。决策者推出了“包容发展促进共同繁荣”系列，关注最新的发展动态。在本篇文章中，秘鲁驻华大使马尔科·巴拉雷索分享了他的看法。文章仅代表作者的观点，而非本台观点。

APEC stands for the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum, established in 1989, and comprises 21 member economies that represent almost two-thirds of the world economy and nearly 50 percent of trade worldwide.

亚太经济合作组织，简称亚太经合组织（APEC），成立于1989 年，由 21 个成员经济体组成，占世界经济总量的近三分之二和将近一半的世界贸易总量。

The primary goals of APEC are to create a more open and efficient economic environment, reduce barriers to trade and investment, promote sustainable economic development and engage in technical cooperation. APEC operates on the basis of non-binding commitments, often referred to as "soft law," emphasizing the importance of voluntary cooperation and consensus among its member economies.

亚太经合组织的主要目标是创造一个更加开放和高效的经济环境，减少贸易和投资壁垒，促进经济可持续发展，开展技术合作等。亚太经合组织采取非约束性承诺（通常称为“软法”）的运作方式，在此基础上强调成员经济体之间自愿合作和达成共识的重要性。

Last year, APEC Economic Leaders met in person in Bangkok, Thailand, after a hiatus of almost four years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The focus was on implementing the APEC Putrajaya Vision 2040, the Aotearoa Plan of Action, and the Bio-Circular-Green Economy model prioritizing a sustainable development model where resources are regenerated, and their use is optimized alongside the production processes. 

去年，亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议于泰国曼谷召开，此前因受新冠肺炎疫情影响，会议曾中断举行近四年之久。去年的会议重点是落实《2040年亚太经合组织布特拉加亚愿景》《奥特奥罗亚行动计划》和《生物循环绿色经济曼谷目标》，优先考虑资源再生的可持续发展模式，并优先使用可再生能源进行生产。

Precisely, the meeting of this year takes place in San Francisco, the United States, under the core themes of resilience, innovation, and inclusivity. It will be a new opportunity to further advance the key objectives of the forum towards an open, dynamic, resilient, and peaceful Asia-Pacific community by 2040.

今年的峰会在美国旧金山举行，核心主题是复原力、创新与包容。峰会将成为新的契机，进一步推动实现亚太经合组织的主要目标，即到 2040 年建成一个开放、活力、强韧、和平的亚太共同体。

During my time as Ambassador of Peru to the People's Republic of China, I confirmed that for China, it is important to strengthen APEC as a unique regional forum with the goals of supporting multilateralism and anchored in an open and norms-trade system with the World Trade Organization at its center, as well as deepening practical cooperation among its members in almost all sectoral fields. I look forward to seeing the outcomes of various ministerial meetings to analyze how the Putrajaya Vision 2040 and Aotearoa Plan of Action will continue evolving.

在我担任秘鲁驻中华人民共和国大使期间，我认识到中国高度重视亚太经合组织合作。它作为一个独特的区域性论坛，以支持多边主义为目标，以世界贸易组织为核心，立足于开放和规范的贸易体系，不断深化其成员在各部门各领域的务实合作。我期待看到各类部长级会议取得成果，并讨论分析《2040年布特拉加亚愿景》和《奥特奥罗亚行动计划》将如何继续发展。

China, an active advocate for APEC, has injected powerful impetus into the development of the region. From the point of view of Peru, whose geography, economy, and even culture look to the Asia-Pacific as the center of its international projection and foreign policy in the region, APEC is the most relevant political space to further enhance the free flows of trade and investment and regional cooperation.

中国一直积极倡导与亚太经合组织合作，为地区发展注入了强大动力。秘鲁的地理、经济和文化决定了我国的外交政策必须以亚太地区为核心，加强国际力量投射。亚太经合组织对秘鲁来说，能够进一步加强贸易和投资的自由流动，是促进区域合作的最为紧要的政治场合。

The 30th APEC Economic Leaders' Meeting in San Francisco is quite significant for Peru because our country will receive from the United States the Pro-Tempore Presidency of APEC for the year 2024. This will be the third time Peru hosts the APEC meeting, something not so many members can boast about, and I am deeply proud and convinced that we will be up to the task.

A screen displays the "APEC 2023" logo at the International Media Center at Moscone Center in San Francisco, California, the United States, November 11, 2023. /CFP

在旧金山举行的亚太经合组织第三十届领导人非正式会议对秘鲁来说意义重大，因为我国将继美国之后担任2024年的亚太经合组织轮值主席国。这将是秘鲁第三次主办亚太经合组织相关会议，并没有多少成员经济体能做到这样，对此我深感自豪，并坚信我们定将不辱使命。

During the tenure of Peru's Presidency of APEC (2024), we are going to organize more than 160 ministerial and technical meetings in five different cities: Trujillo, Arequipa, (Urubamba) Cusco, Pucallpa, and Lima. Our three core objectives are: to prioritize trade and investment for inclusive growth; to promote the transition to the formal economy and the integration to global supply chains by innovation; and to pursue sustainable growth for resilient development.

在秘鲁担任轮值主席国期间（2024），我们将在五个不同的城市举办160多场部长级会议和技术会议，分别是特鲁希略、阿雷基帕、（乌鲁班巴）库斯科、普卡尔帕和利马。我们制定了三个核心目标：优先考虑贸易和投资，促进包容性增长；推动经济活动向正规经济转型，通过创新融入全球供应链；坚持可持续增长，实现有韧性的发展。

During 2024, Peru is going to promote the initiative "APEC Citizen Peru 2024" to bring the benefits of the forum to the whole of civil society by creating dialogue spaces for students, entrepreneurs, guilds, and others. We look forward to many technology companies, including Chinese ones, helping us to develop events under such an initiative which is in line with the people-to-people policy.

秘鲁将于2024年推动“APEC 2024秘鲁公民倡议”，通过为学生、企业家、行业组织等群体创造对话空间，将论坛的益处带给整个社会。我们期待着包括中国在内的多国技术公司能够帮助我们在这一倡议下开展多项活动，这也符合推动人文交往的政策方向。

Peru has also a high interest in promoting a "roadmap for the transition to the formal and global economy." In this regard, it will host a series of events for concrete outcomes, including workshops to understand the role of digital connectivity in the formalization process of informal businesses in the Asia-Pacific. 

秘鲁对推动“向正规和全球经济转型路线图”的落实有浓厚的兴趣。为此，秘鲁将主办包括研讨会在内的一系列活动，期待取得具体成果，发挥数字互联互通在亚太地区非正规企业正规化进程中的作用。

This concrete initiative has ample support from many member economies, including China. This in-depth study will help the public and private sectors, and academia in the APEC region to understand and develop strategies and models that facilitate business formalization in the context of digitization. This, in turn, will enable APEC economies, especially emerging markets, to set up policies promoting the transition to a formal economy, which used to be a malaise that hinders economic development and growth in many countries. For example, in Peru more than 70 percent of its economy is in the informal sector, which doesn't allow for an increase in fiscal revenues, improve the quality of employment and expand social protection and welfare to all, among other consequences. 

该倡议得到了包括中国在内的许多成员经济体的大力支持。深入推动相关研究将有助于亚太经合组织地区的公共和私营部门以及学术界了解并制定在数字化背景下促进企业正规化的战略和模式，从而进一步促进亚太经合组织各经济体，尤其是新兴市场，制定鼓励其向正规经济转型的政策。转型不力正是阻碍许多国家经济发展和增长的顽疾。以秘鲁为例，70%以上的经济活动在非正规经济部门，导致财政收入增长乏力、提高就业质量受阻、也无法扩大社会保障和福利的覆盖面等不利后果。

In this sense, Peru will seek to build synergies with China and other APEC economies to strengthen SMEs' workforces, management, technological and methodology capabilities to insert themselves in global value chains and circular economy strategies.

鉴于此，秘鲁将谋求与中国和其他亚太经合组织经济体携手合作，协同增强中小企业的劳动力水平、管理、技术和方法能力，令其融入全球价值链和循环经济战略。

In relation to the inclusiveness of all economic stakeholders, Peru plans to issue a joint declaration mandating the empowerment of women as fundamental economic participants and to ensure their inclusion in the formal economy, which in turn will also be incorporated into the "roadmap for the transition to the formal and global economy." The reason for this priority is clear: It is estimated that 600 million women work in the Asia-Pacific region, with about 40 percent in the informal sector. We must prioritize this sector if we want a more inclusive economic development.

秘鲁还计划发表一项联合宣言，旨在促进经济活动对所有利益攸关方的包容性，加强妇女作为基本经济活动成员的权利保障，并确保将其融入正规经济领域，进而将其纳入“向正规和全球经济转型路线图”。该优先事项背后的原因显而易见。统计显示，亚太地区有6亿劳动妇女，其中约40% 属于非正规部门。如果要实现更具包容性的经济发展，就必须给予她们优先考虑。

These are some of the many initiatives that Peru is going to take. Until now, APEC has already approved the financing of 36 multisectoral cooperation projects presented by Peru for a fund of approximately $4.9 million. These initiatives, and others that will be developed during 2024, will contribute to the development of the thematic priorities of Peru as a host of APEC 2024. We look forward to walking the first steps during our assumption of the presidency in San Francisco.

这些只是秘鲁将要采取的众多举措中的一部分。迄今为止，亚太经合组织已批准资助秘鲁提出的36 项多部门合作项目，涉及资金约490万美元。这些项目和其他于2024年制定完善的举措将有助于秘鲁作为2024年亚太经合组织轮值主席国的优先开发主题事项。我们期待在旧金山接任主席国时可以迈出第一步。

推荐阅读：