单纯和装纯，你会区分吗？（双语）

其他

单纯和装纯，你会区分吗？（双语）

2017-11-04 英语环球广播 英语环球ChinaPlus

周末好！

对于单纯（simplicity）这个词，不同的人有不一样的理解。

有人认为，单纯是想法不多、不复杂，是一种对世界本质的全然相信；
也有人认为，单纯是能够真实表达自己的观点，不掩饰自己的缺点；
还有人认为，单纯是人生摆脱喧嚣，洗尽铅华之后的一种境界。

今天小编给大家推荐的散文是弗朗索瓦·费奈隆所著的《真的与假的单纯》。

作者简介

François Fénelon

弗朗索瓦·费奈隆（1651－1715），法国散文作家。生于佩里戈尔的贵族家庭。在巴黎的神学院学习，毕业后供圣职，任修道院院长，南特赦令取消后，被派到圣东日宣传天主教义，后被任命为王孙太傅。1693年被选入法兰西学院，两年后任康布雷大主教，此后回到他的教区度过晚年。费奈隆的著作有《论女子教育》(1689)、《忒勒马科斯历险记》(1699)、《死者对话录》（1700～1718）、《致学院书》(1716)等。

请欣赏由沈汀为您朗读的这篇散文。中文版本由石幼珊翻译。

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True and False Simplicity

真的与假的单纯

Simplicity is an uprightness of soul that has no reference to self; it is different from sincerity, and it is a still higher virtue.

单纯是灵魂中一种正直无私的素质；它与真诚不同，比真诚更高尚。

We see many people who are sincere, without being simple; they only wish to pass for what they are, and they are unwilling to appear what they are not;

许多人真心诚恳，却不单纯。他们只望别人按他们的本来面目认识他们，不愿意遭人误解。

they are always thinking of themselves, measuring their words, recalling their thoughts, and reviewing their actions, from the fear that they have done too much or too little.

他们总在想着自己，总在斟酌词句、反省思量、审视行为。唯恐过头，又怕不足。

These persons are sincere, but they are not simple; they are not at ease with others, and others are not at ease with them; they are not free, ingenuous, natural;

这些人真心诚恳，却不单纯。他们不能和人坦然相处，别人对他们也小心拘谨。他们不坦率、不真诚、不自然。

we prefer people who are less correct, less perfect, and who are less artificial. This is the decision of man, and it is the judgment of God, who would not have us so occupied with ourselves, and thus, as it were, always arranging our features in a mirror.

我们倒宁愿同不那么正直，不那么完美，也不那么矫揉造作的人相处。世人以此准则取人，上帝也以此做判断。上帝不愿我们用这样多的心思于自己，好像我们要时时对镜整理自己的容颜。

To be wholly occupied with others, never to look within, is the state of blindness of those who are entirely engrossed by what is present and addressed to their sense; this is the very reverse of simplicity.

完全集中注意他人而不内省是某些人的一种盲目状态。这些人全神贯注于眼前事物以及感官感受到的一切，这恰好是单纯的反面。

To be absorbed in self and in whatever engages us, whether we are laboring for our fellow being or for God-to be wise in our own eyes reserved, and full of ourselves, troubled at the least thing that disturbs our self-complacency, is the opposite extreme.

以下是两种极端相反的例子：其一是不管为同类还是为上帝效力，均全然忘我地投入；另一是自以为聪明含蓄，心中充满自我，只要自满的情绪受到丝毫干扰便心烦意乱。

This is false wisdom, which, with all its glory, is but little less absurd than that folly, which pursues only pleasure.

这是虚假的聪明；表面上堂而皇之，实际上跟纯为追求享乐的愚蠢行为同样荒唐。

The one is intoxicated with all it sees around it; the other with all that it imagines it has within; but it is delirium in both.

前者昏昏然陶醉于眼前看到的一切，后者陶醉于自认为内心已占有的一切。这两者都是虚妄的。

To be absorbed in the contemplation of our own minds is really worse than to be engrossed by outward things, because it appears like wisdom and yet is not,

一心只注意内心的冥思默想确比全神贯注于外界事物更有害，因为这样看来聪明而实则不然；

we do not think of curing it, we pride ourselves upon it, we approve of it, it gives us an unnatural strength, it is a sort of frenzy, we are not conscious of it, we are dying, and we think ourselves in health.

我们不以此为非、不想改正，反引以为荣；我们肯定这种行为；它给我们一种不自然的力量；这是一种疯狂状态，我们却不自觉；我们病入膏肓却还自以为身体强健。

Simplicity consists in a just medium, in which we are neither too much excited, nor too composed. The soul is not carried away by outward things, so that it cannot make all necessary reflections; neither does it make those continual references to self, that a jealous sense of its own excellence multiplies to infinity.

单纯存在于适度之中，我们在其中即不过分兴奋，也不过分平静。我们的灵魂不因过多注意外界事物而无法做必要的内省；我们也并不时刻考虑自己，使维护自己美德的戒备心理无限膨胀。

That freedom of the soul, which looks straight onward in its path, losing no time to reason upon its steps, to study them, or to contemplate those that it has already taken, is true simplicity.

我们的灵魂要是能够无羁无绊，直视眼前的道路，并不白白浪费时间于权衡研究脚下的步伐，或是回顾已经走过的道路，这才是真正的单纯。

——弗朗索瓦·费奈隆

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私

你觉得什么是真的单纯，什么又是假的单纯？

欢迎留言分享！

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