奥普拉超燃演讲，你真听懂了吗？
还记得去年金球奖（Golden Globe Awards）颁奖礼上，“梅姨”普怒怼特朗普的精彩演说吗？
今年的金球奖之夜，又一位杰出女性的演讲震撼全场。
瑞希·威瑟斯彭（Reese Witherspoon）在介绍她时这样说：
"... there's only one person whose name is a verb, an adjective, and a feeling and that is Oprah. When you say her name, everybody stops and listens..."
“这世上只有一个人，她的名字是动词、形容词，以及一种感觉。她就是奥普拉。当你提到她的名字时，每个人都会侧耳倾听。”
注：美国《Jet》杂志曾把Oprah当做动词使用，比如，“她‘奥普拉’地套出了我的话。” Jet magazine uses “Oprah” as a verb, with sentences like, “I didn’t want to tell her, but...she Oprah’d it out of me.”
OPRAH WINFREY
奥普拉·温弗莉，1954年1月29日生，美国演员，制片，主持人。
控股哈普娱乐集团的股份，个人财富超过10亿美元；主持的电视谈话节目《奥普拉脱口秀》，平均每周吸引3300万名观众，并连续16年排在同类节目的首位；出演斯皮尔伯格的电影《紫色》……
奥普拉被授予金球奖终身成就奖（Cecil B. DeMille Award），成为史上第一个获此奖项的黑人女性。
在获奖感言中，奥普拉通过自己的成长故事、引用经典历史人物和案例，并结合当下社会状况，抨击性别和种族歧视，为正义平权发声。
她的演讲把整个颁奖礼的气氛推向高潮。
奥普拉的演讲一向以励志、感人见长，被誉为“教科书式”的发言。
而这次金球奖演讲后，很多网友呼吁奥普拉参加2020年美国总统竞选。＃奥普拉成为总统”（＃Oprahforpresident）和“＃奥普拉2020”（＃Oprah2020）成为了美国社交网络的热门话题。
连梅丽尔·斯特里普都调侃说，如果奥普拉入主白宫，已经帮她想好了内阁人选。
Meryl Streep said if Oprah were to run for president, she wouldn’t be against it, and joked that perhaps Hollywood should stage a White House takeover.
话说奥普拉这次的演讲都有哪些知识点呢？一起来学习一下。
01
Sidney Poitier
奥普拉在演讲的开篇就提到了西德尼·波蒂埃（Sidney Poitier）。
他在1958年以反种族影片《挣脱锁链》（The Defiant Ones）赢得柏林影帝头衔，之后迅速成为好莱坞头号黑人演员。1964年再以《原野百合花》（Lilies of the Field）勇夺奥斯卡最佳男主角奖，成为美国影史第一位黑人影帝。
当年，波蒂埃获得奥斯卡奖的场景对还是小女孩的奥普拉产生深刻影响。
Up to the stage came the most elegant man I ever remembered. His tie was white, his skin was black -- I'd never seen a black man being celebrated like that.
“我记忆中最优雅的男人走上了舞台。他打着白色领带，皮肤是黑色的，此前我从未看到过有别的黑人男性被这样的荣耀包围。”
02
the Cecil B. Demille Award
塞西尔·B·德米尔奖（Cecil B. DeMille Award）又称金球奖终身成就奖，是为了表彰终身致力于电影事业，为全球娱乐业做出贡献的人士而设立的奖项，1952年起在金球奖典礼上颁发。该奖以首届获奖者塞西尔·德米尔命名。
我们刚刚提到的西德尼·波蒂埃（1982），以及好莱坞老戏骨达斯汀·霍夫曼Dustin Hoffman（1997），摩根·弗里曼Morgan Freeman（2012）等都曾获此殊荣。
3
A.M. Chicago
提到奥普拉，就不得不说到这档让她一朝成名的脱口秀节目《早安芝加哥》（A.M. Chicago）。
1984年，奥普拉担任主持后，凭借一流的口才和睿智的头脑，扭转该节目收视率垫底的颓势，在3个月内将其打造成收视率第一的金牌栏目。
1985年，该节目改名为《奥普拉·温弗瑞秀》（The Oprah Winfrey Show），成为全美脱口秀王牌节目。
4
The Color Purple
除了主持脱口秀，奥普拉还曾客串出演了斯皮尔伯格导演的电影《紫色》（The Color Purple）。这是美国电影史上第一部关于黑人的电影作品。
故事以茜莉(Celie)的生活为主线，塑造了一系列的在种族歧视和性别歧视的双重压迫之下的努力反抗的黑人女性的形象。
奥普拉出演一对命运坎坷的黑人姐妹花中的索菲亚，并凭借此片获得了奥斯卡最佳女配角奖提名。
5
HFPA
在演讲中，奥普拉特别向好莱坞外国记者协会（the Hollywood Foreign Press Association, HFPA）表示感谢。
I want to thank the Hollywood Foreign Press Association because we know the press is under siege these days.
be under siege：被围困
好莱坞外国记者协会成立于1943年，是一家由专门报道美国电影产业的记者所组成的组织，其记者服务的媒体均位于北美以外。
1944年，该组织创办金球奖。该奖的最终结果是由96位记者（其中约三分之二是兼职）投票产生的。
这也就不难理解，为什么HFPA成为每位获奖者致辞中的关键词之一了。
"Hollywood is crawling with outsiders and foreigners. If you kick'em all out, you'll have nothing to watch but football and mixed martial arts, which are not the arts."
- Meryl Streep
6
Recy Taylor
在演讲中，奥普拉还引述了蕾西·泰勒（Recy Taylor）的故事。
这名黑人妇女1944年遭受强奸、直至她近98岁去世都未能讨回公道。
Recy Taylor
(December 31, 1919 – December 28, 2017) was an African American woman from Alabama, US. Taylor's refusal to remain silent about a brutal rape she suffered, perpetrated by white men, led to organizing in the African-American community on behalf of justice and civil rights.
通过泰勒的故事，奥普拉呼吁广大女性要敢于说出事实真相。
“What I know for sure is that speaking your truth is the most powerful tool we all have. ”
“说出事实真相是我们都拥有的最强大的工具。”
这句话也是后来被媒体和网友引用最多的金句之一。
7
Rosa Parks
除了上面两位代表，奥普拉还提到了罗莎·帕克斯（Rosa Parks）。
帕克斯是一位美国黑人民权行动主义者，美国国会后来称她为“现代民权运动之母”（the mother of the civil rights movement）。
1955年12月的一天，42岁的帕克斯在坐公交车时，被司机要求给白人让座。
（当时的美国法律明确规定黑人与白人在公车、餐馆等公共场所内需分隔，且黑人必须给白人让座。）
在拒绝了司机的要求后，帕克斯遭到监禁，并被罚款10美元。
她的被捕引发了蒙哥马利市长达381天的黑人抵制公交车运动。这场运动的结果是：
1956年美国最高法院裁决禁止公车上的“黑白隔离”；
1964年出台的民权法案禁止在公共场所实行种族隔离和种族歧视政策。
帕克斯的这句话也被后人广泛引用：
"You must never be fearful about what you are doing when it it right."
-Rosa Parks
8
the era of Jim Crow
Jim Crow原意为“黑人”，是美国白人至上主义者对黑人的蔑称。
与之相关的一个重要名词是吉姆·克劳法 (Jim Crow laws) 。泛指1876年至1965年间美国南部各州以及边境各州对有色人种（主要针对非洲裔美国人）实行种族隔离制度的法律。
因此在翻译时，the era of Jim Crow 可以直接译为种族隔离时代。
9
Time is up
重要的事情说三遍。
在奥普拉的演讲中，她连续三次高喊“their time is up”，激动宣告女性不被倾听的日子已经到头了。
"For too long, women have not beenheard or believed if they dared to speak their truth to the power of those men. But their time is up. Their time is up!. Their time is up."
她的宣言与时下正在进行的“Time's Up”活动紧密呼应。
瑞茜 · 威瑟斯彭联系设计师Arianne Phillips设计了“Time's Up”的胸针
新年伊始，数百名好莱坞女演员、导演、编剧等共同发起一场抵抗职场性骚扰和种族平权的"Time's Up"行动。
本届金球奖红毯秀上，几乎所有明星都以黑色礼服示人，以行动支持“Time's Up”活动。
10
Me too
而在“Time's Up”之前，好莱坞女星艾丽莎·米兰诺发起以#MeToo为话题的社交活动，已经在社交媒体上得到广泛传播，许多人勇敢说出自己曾经受到侵害的经历。
奥普拉在她的演讲中向所有“勇敢者”致敬。
“I'm especially proud and inspired by all the women who have felt strong enough and empowered enough to speak up and share their personal stories..”
所有那些勇敢说出真相、分享自己故事的女性，她们让我特别自豪、也特别鼓舞人心。
让我一起来感受这场慷慨激昂的演讲！
https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=x0530wpqh70&width=500&height=375&auto=0
演讲全文奉上，拿走不谢。
Oprah Winfrey
MAINTAIN HOPE FOR A BRIGHTER MORNING
In 1964, I was a little girl sitting on the linoleum floor of my mother's house in Milwaukee watching Anne Bancroft present the Oscar for best actor at the 36th Academy Awards. She opened the envelope and said five words that literally made history -- "The winner is 1 Sidney Poitier.”
Up to the stage came the most elegant man I ever remembered. His tie was white, his skin was black -- I'd never seen a black man being celebrated like that. I've tried many, many times to explain what a moment like that means to a little girl, a kid watching from the cheap seats as my mom came through the door bone-tired from cleaning other people's houses.
But all I can do is quote and say that the explanation [is] in Sidney's performance in "Lilies of the Field," 'Amen, amen. Amen, amen.' In 1982 Sidney received 2 the Cecil B. Demille Award right here at the Golden Globes, and it is not lost on me that at this moment, there are some little girls watching as I become the first black woman to be given this same award.
It is an honor -- it is an honor and it is a privilege to share the evening with all of them and also with the incredible men and women who have inspired me, who challenged me, who sustained me and made my journey to this stage possible. Dennis Swanson, who took a chance on me for "3 A.M. Chicago," waw me on the show and said to Steven Spielberg, “Yes, she's Sophia in ‘4 The Color Purple;’” Gayle, who's been the definition of what a friend is; and Stedman who's been my rock – just to name a few.
I want to thank 5 the Hollywood Foreign Press Association because we know the press is under siege these days. We also know it's the insatiable dedication to uncovering the absolute truth that keeps us from turning a blind eye to corruption and to injustice. To -- to tyrants and victims, and secrets and lies. I want to say that I value the press more than ever before as we try to navigate these complicated times, which brings me to this. What I know for sure is that speaking your truth is the most powerful tool we all have. And I'm especially proud and inspired by all the women who have felt strong enough and empowered enough to speak up and share their personal stories. Each of us in this room are celebrated because of the stories that we tell, and this year we became the story.
But it's not just a story affecting the entertainment industry. It's one that transcends any culture, geography, race, religion, politics, or workplace. So I want tonight to express gratitude to all the women who have endured years of abuse and assault because they, like my mother, had children to feed and bills to pay and dreams to pursue.
They're the women whose names we'll never know. They are domestic workers and farm workers. They are working in factories and they work in restaurants and they're in academia, engineering, medicine, and science. They're part of the world of tech and politics and business. They're our athletes in the Olympics and they're our soldiers in the military.
And there's someone else, 6 Recy Taylor, a name I know and I think you should know, too. In 1944, Recy Taylor was a young wife and mother walking home from a church service she'd attended in Abbeville, Alabama, when she was abducted by six armed white men, raped, and left blindfolded by the side of the road, coming home from church. They threatened to kill her if she ever told anyone, but her story was reported to the NAACP where a young worker by the name of 7 Rosa Parks became the lead investigator on her case, and together they sought justice. But justice wasn't an option in 8 the era of Jim Crow. The men who tried to destroy her were never prosecuted. Recy Taylor died 10 days ago, just shy of her 98th birthday. She lived, as we all have lived, too many years in a culture broken by brutally powerful men. For too long, women have not been heard or believed if they dare speak the truth to the power of those men. But their time is up. Their time is up. Their 9 time is up.
And I just hope -- I just hope that Recy Taylor died knowing that her truth, like the truth of so many other women who were tormented in those years, and even now tormented, goes marching on. It was somewhere in Rosa Parks' heart almost 11 years later, when she made the decision to stay seated on that bus in Montgomery, and it's here with every woman who chooses to say, "10 Me too." And every man -- every man who chooses to listen.
In my career, what I've always tried my best to do, whether on television or through film, is to say something about how men and women really behave. To say how we experience shame, how we love and how we rage, how we fail, how we retreat, persevere, and how we overcome. I've interviewed and portrayed people who've withstood some of the ugliest things life can throw at you, but the one quality all of them seem to share is an ability to maintain hope for a brighter morning, even during our darkest nights.
So I want all the girls watching here, now, to know that a new day is on the horizon! And when that new day finally dawns, it will be because of a lot of magnificent women, many of whom are right here in this room tonight, and some pretty phenomenal men, fighting hard to make sure that they become the leaders who take us to the time when nobody ever has to say "Me too" again. Thank you.
听完2018年初的最燃演讲，你有怎样的感受。欢迎留言和大家分享。
往期精彩：