中美贸易战口译资料？这一场发布会就够了！
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2018年7月12日下午，商务部召开例行新闻发布会，商务部新闻发言人高峰在向媒体通报商务部有关信息后，就中外记者有关中美贸易争端连续提出的系列问题进行了回答，信息量极大，是口译学习和训练的绝佳材料，以下为本次发布会的全程视频及双语对照全文：
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第18分钟开始发言人出场
商务部召开例行新闻发布会
2018年7月12日
Regular Press Conference of the Ministry of Commerce
July 12, 2018
【高峰】:各位记者朋友，大家下午好！欢迎大家参加商务部例行新闻发布会。今天我们也特地迎来了一批尊贵的客人，就是“一带一路”沿线国家的主流媒体的著名记者，我们欢迎他们。今天首先有两条信息向大家主动通报，第一条关于今年上半年全国吸收外资的有关情况。
Gao Feng: Dear members of the press, good afternoon. Welcome to MOFCOM’s regular press conference. Today, there come our distinguished guests - the famous journalists from the mainstream media of countries along the Belt and Road routes. Let’s welcome them. Today, I have two pieces of information to release to you, and the first one is about China’s foreign investment absorption in the first half year of 2018.
2018年1-6月全国吸收外资的情况主要有以下几个特点：
China’s absorption of foreign investment in January-June 2018 mainly showed the following features:
一是新设企业持续快速增长，实际使用外资小幅平稳上升。1-6月全国新设立外商投资企业29591家，同比增长96.6%，实际使用外资4462.9亿元人民币，同比增长1.1%，折合成美元是683.2亿美元，同比增长4.1%。6月当月全国新设立外商投资企业5565家，同比增长92.3% ，实际使用外资1007亿元人民币，同比增长0.3%，折合成美元是156.6亿美元，同比增长5.8%。
1. The newly established enterprises increased rapidly and the actual use of foreign capital rose up slightly. In January-June, 29,591 foreign invested companies were newly established, with an increase of 96.6% year on year; the actual use of foreign capital reached 446.29 billion yuan, increasing by 1.1% year on year, and it was 68.32 billion in terms of the US dollars, up 4.1% year on year. In June, 5,565 foreign invested companies were newly established, up 92.3% year on year; the actual use of foreign capital was 100.7 billion yuan, up 0.3% year on year, and it was 15.66 billion in terms of the US dollars, up 5.8% year on year.
二是高技术制造业保持增长态势，制造业实际使用外资1348.3亿元人民币，同比增长4.9%，占比达到30.2%。高技术产业实际使用外资同比增长1.6%，占比达到20.9%。高技术制造业实际使用外资433.7亿元人民币，同比增长25.3%，其中电子及通信设备制造业、计算机及办公设备制造业、医疗仪器设备及仪器仪表制造业，同比分别增长36%、31.7%、179.6%。高技术服务业实际使用外资500.3亿元人民币，其中，科技成果转化服务同比增长22.2%。
2. The high-tech manufacturing industry maintained the momentum of growth. The actual use of the foreign capital in manufacturing industry was 134.83 billion yuan, up 4.9% year on year with the proportion reaching 30.2%. The actual use of high-tech industry increased by 1.6% year on year, taking up 20.9%. The actual use of foreign capital in high-tech manufacturing reached 43.37 billion yuan, with an increase of 25.3% year on year. Among these, the actual use of foreign capital in electronic and communication device manufacturing, computers and office equipments manufacturing, medical instruments and instrumentation industry increased by 36%, 31.7% and 179.6% respectively year on year. The actual use of foreign capital in high-tech service sector reached 50.03 billion yuan, among which the commercialization of research findings increased by 22.2% year on year.
三是自贸试验区引领全国外资增长，西部地区吸收外资增势不减，11个自贸试验区新设外商投资企业4281家，实际使用外资578.4亿元人民币，同比增长32.6%，占比达到13%。西部地区实际使用外资288.4亿元人民币，同比增长13.2%。
3. Free Trade Pilot Zones led the growth of the national foreign investment, and foreign investment absorption in the western area maintained its growth. 4,281 foreign invested companies were newly established in 11 Free Trade Pilot Zones, and the actual use of foreign capital reached 57.84 billion yuan, up 32.6% year on year, taking up 13%. The actual use of foreign investment in western area was 28.84 billion yuan, up 13.2% year on year.
四是主要投资来源地中，美国、新加坡、韩国、英国、澳门地区等投资保持良好增长势头。1-6月，主要投资来源地中，美国、新加坡、韩国、英国、澳门地区实际投入金额同比分别增长29.1%、19.7%、43.8%、82.5%和78.7%。东盟实际投入外资金额同比增长24.4%，“一带一路”沿线国家同比增长24.9%。
4. Among the main investment sources, the investment from the US, Singapore, South Korea, UK and Macao maintained a favorable growth. In January-June, among the main investment sources, the actual input value from the US, Singapore, South Korea, UK and Macao increased by 29.1%, 19.7%, 43.8%, 82.5% and 78.7% respectively year on year. The actual input value from the ASEAN increased by 24.4% year on year and that from the countries along the Belt and Road routes increased by 24.9% year on year.
第二条信息是关于2017年度中国购物中心发展指数报告和中国便利店景气指数报告
II. Reports on the Development Index of China’s Shopping Centers and Prosperity Index of China’s Convenient Stores in 2017
今天，商务部发布2017年度《中国购物中心发展指数报告》和《中国便利店景气指数报告》，对购物中心、便利店两种零售业态的发展现状及未来趋势进行了分析。
Today, MOFCOM released The Report on the Development Index of China’s Shopping Centers and The Report on the Prosperity Index of China’s Convenient Stores in 2017 which analyzed the present situation and trend of the two kinds of business modes.
《中国购物中心发展指数报告》指出，2017年中国购物中心发展指数为68.5，同比上升1.3，高出荣枯线18.5，表明整体购物中心市场持续回暖和向好。其中，现状指数65.1，同比上升0.9；预期指数73.5，同比上升1.8，表明购物中心业主市场信心持续增强。
The Report on the Development Index of China’s Shopping Centers showed that in 2017, the development index of China’s shopping centers was 68.5, 1.3 points higher than that over the same period of last year, 18.5 points higher than the PMI (Purchasing Managers’ Index), which means that the overall shopping center market continues to keep a sound momentum of steady rise. Among these, the present situation index was 65.1, an increase of 0.9 point year on year. The expectation index of the entire shopping center market was 73.5, increasing1.8 points year on year, showing that the market confidence of the shopping mall owner continued to get stronger.
从区域看，全国7个区域发展指数均位于荣枯线以上，华东地区保持领先，东北地区显著上升；从城市看，一线城市受益于庞大的消费市场，发展指数高于二、三线城市，国际品牌呈现向三线城市下沉的趋势；从物业类型看，奥特莱斯型发展指数继续领先于都市型、地区型和社区型三类物业。有超过七成的业主对项目租金收入、销售额和盈利状况持增长的乐观预期；预计2018年我国购物中心市场将在整体经济稳定和消费升级的基础上持续向好。
In terms of region, the development index in 7 regions was above the PMI, among which east China took the lead, and northeast China stood out. In terms of cities, benefiting from the huge consumption market, the index of the first-tier cities was higher than that of the second and third-tier cities, the international brands presented a downward trend in the third-tier cities. In terms of business modes, the index of the Outlet-styled property continued to take the lead over the urban, regional and community property modes. Over 70% of the operators were optimistic about the rental income, sales value, and profitability of projects. China’s shopping centers are expected to get better on the basis of steady rise and upgraded consumption.
《中国便利店景气指数报告》表明，2017年中国便利店季度景气指数始终保持在较高水平，平均高于景气荣枯线21.68，体现出便利店行业从业者对2017年行业的发展始终保持着较高的信心。其中，便利店行业景气指数为80.2，高于荣枯线30.2；门店景气指数为66.1，高于荣枯线16.1，表明便利店行业管理者与门店运营者始终保持着较高的信心。同时，店租及人力成本持续攀高，人才流失等问题也是便利店面临的挑战。预计2018年我国便利店市场将继续保持稳定的增长。
The Report on the Prosperity Index of China’s Convenient Stores showed that the quarterly prosperity index of China’s convenient stores in 2017 remained at a higher level, 21.68 points higher than that of the PMI, reflecting the operators’ high confidence in the industry development in 2017. Among these, the prosperity index of convenient stores was 80.2, 30.2 points higher than the PMI, that of the shops was 66.1, 16.1 points higher than the PMI, reflecting great confidence from both the manager of the convenient stores and the shop operator. Meanwhile, a continuous rise of rent and HR cost, and loss of talents also challenged the convenient stores. China’s convenient store market is expected to maintain a steady growth in 2018.
以上是我主动向大家通报的情况，下面我愿意回答记者朋友们提出的问题。下面请提问。
That’s the information I’d like to share with you. Now I’d like to answer your questions.
【经济日报记者】:美方指责中国盗窃知识产权、强制技术转让，对此您有何评价？
Economic Daily: The US accuses China of IP theft and forced technology transfer. What is your comment?
【高峰】:对于美国所谓的“强制技术转让”、“盗窃知识产权”的指责罔顾历史事实，令人完全不能接受。改革开放以来，我国低成本劳动力与国际资本、技术相结合，促进了中国经济的高速增长，推动了世界经济的繁荣，也为外国企业创造了丰厚的回报，这种合作完全是建立在商业契约基础之上的中外企业的自愿行为。经过这么多年，在华外资企业获得了巨大收益，但美国政府指责中国强制技术转让、盗窃知识产权，这不仅是对中国改革开放和历史事实的歪曲，也是对商业信用的破坏，根本违背了契约精神。我们认为，这种做法非常危险，将会动摇市场经济和自由企业的制度基础。谢谢。
Gao Feng: The US allegations of so-called forced technology transfer and IP theft ignore historical facts and are totally unacceptable. Since reform and opening up, China’s low-cost labor has joined with international capital and technology, delivering high-speed growth of the Chinese economy, world economic prosperity and bumper returns for foreign companies. Such cooperation is purely voluntary acts of Chinese and foreign enterprises based on commercial contracts. Over the years, foreign businesses have reaped enormous benefits in China. However, the US government is accusing China of forced technology transfer and IP theft, which not only misrepresents China’s reform and opening up and historical facts, but also undermines business credit and breaches the contract spirit. We believe such practices are very dangerous and will shake the institutional foundation of the market economy and free enterprise. Thank you.
【中央广播电视总台央广中国之声记者】:在美国贸易代表办公室声明中指责中国产业政策造成了市场扭曲，请问商务部对此有何评论？
CNR: The statement of the USTR Office accuses China’s industrial policy of market distortion. What’s MOFCOM’s comment?
【高峰】:美方的指责是根本站不住脚的。任何国家都有发展的权力，都有权利通过实施恰当的产业政策促进发展。从历史上看，美国第一任财长汉密尔顿是早期的产业政策倡导者，上世纪五六十年代，美国在航天、军工等领域实施产业振兴计划，并且取得了较好效果。在经济全球化和技术进步加快的条件下，我们反对差异化、保护性的产业政策，更需要的是符合实际的发展政策，更重视未来预测、开放合作、促进竞争、教育质量等。谢谢。
Gao Feng: The US accusation is totally unfounded. Any country has the right to development and the right to promote development through appropriate industrial policy. Historically, Hamilton, the first treasury secretary of the US, was an early advocate of industrial policy. In the 1950s and 60s, the US implemented industrial revival programs in aerospace and defense with good results. Against the backdrop of economic globalization and technology acceleration, we are against differential and protective industrial policy and need development policy that is more practical, future-oriented and places more emphasis on open, cooperation, competition promotion and education quality.
【凤凰卫视】:请教中美贸易战的相关问题，双方开征加税之后，中美是否有磋商?下一步是否有磋商安排?现在美国拟出了新清单，是否意味着中美贸易战会进一步扩大?还有消息称特斯拉已经与上海达成协议,预备在上海建厂，请问您有何评论和预期？
Phoenix Satellite TV: Regarding the China-US trade war, after the tariffs came into effect, have there been consultations between the two sides? Will there be consultations moving forward? The US has drawn up a new list. Does this mean the trade war will expand? It’s said that Tesla has reached agreement with Shanghai and will set up a plant in Shanghai. What are your comment and expectations?
【高峰】:关于你提到的第一个问题，中方已经多次表明,磋商的前提是信用。据我了解的情况，目前双方尚未就重启谈判进行接触。
Gao Feng: For your first question, China has made it clear many times that the premise for consultations is credit. To my understanding, the two sides are not yet in contact for restarting negotiations.
关于你提到的中美贸易战规模是不是会进一步扩大的问题,我想这完全取决于美方。对于贸易战，中方的态度是明确的、一贯的，我们不愿打、不怕打、必要时不得不打。这是多边对单边，开放对保护的原则性问题，中方没有别的选择。
As for whether the trade war will expand, I think it’s entirely up to the US. China’s position on trade war is clear and consistent. We don’t want a trade war, but are not afraid to fight one and have to fight it when necessary. This is a point of principle with multilateralism vs. unilateralism, and openness vs. protection. China has no other option.
升级贸易战，不仅解决不了任何问题，而且会带来很多次生影响。中方注意到，最近全球很多专家学者、高端智库、跨国企业和行业组织，都纷纷表达了对美方发起的这场贸易战及其巨大负外部性的担忧。
Far from resolving any issue, escalation will bring about many secondary impacts. China has noted that many experts, premier think tanks, MNCs and industry organizations across the world have expressed their concerns about the trade war waged by the US and its huge externality.
关于你提到的特斯拉建厂的问题，中方欢迎特斯拉在中国投资设厂。这既是中方主动扩大对外开放取得的成就，也是中美经贸合作互利共赢的具体体现。我们将继续改善国内的投资环境，吸引更多外国优秀企业来华，在中国发展的机遇中实现共同发展。谢谢。
As for Tesla’s new plant, China welcomes Tesla to invest and build plants in China. This is as much an achievement of China’s proactive open-up as an example of mutually beneficial and win-win China-US commercial cooperation. We will continue to improve domestic investment environment to attract more outstanding foreign businesses to China for shared development amid China’s development opportunity. Thank you.
【法新社记者】:昨天美国公布对中国2000亿价值产品提高关税，中国具体打算怎么反制。中国打算采取什么措施？中方希望能够和美国有新一轮贸易磋商吗？
AFP: Yesterday, the US announced additional tariffs on USD 200 billion in Chinese imports. How will China counteract? What measures does China intend to take? Does China want a new round of negotiations with the US?
【高峰】:美方采取的这种使贸易战加速升级的做法，令国际社会严重关注。美方的行动正在把全球经济带入“不确定性陷阱”，如果最终实施将波及更多无辜的企业和消费者，对世界经济产生巨大冲击甚至衰退性影响。
Gao Feng: US moves to accelerate the escalation of the trade war has caused serious concern to the international community. US actions are taking the world economy into the uncertainty trap. If implemented, the measures will hurt more innocent companies and consumers, dealing a body blow with recessional impact to the world economy.
对于美方的贸易霸凌主义行径，中方坚决反对，并将不得不作出必要反击，以捍卫国家和人民利益，捍卫全球自由贸易和多边体制。
China is firmly opposed to US trade bullyism and will have to hit back as necessary in defense of national and people’s interests, global free trade and the multilateral system.
关于你提到的磋商的问题，刚才我已经回答过了。谢谢。
As for your question regarding consultations, I’ve already answered it. Thank you.
【追问】:请问反制措施都包括哪些？
Follow-up: What are the countermeasures?
【高峰】:刚才我已经说了，我们将不得不做出必要的反击。下面请继续提问。
Gao Feng: As I said just now, we will have to hit back as necessary. Next question.
【经济参考报记者】:有消息称,美国将给进口中国商品的美国公司90天时间申请豁免加征关税，这对受此次贸易战影响的美国公司是利好消息，可对其他公司依然执行严格的加征关税，请问商务部如何评论这一行为？您是否认为这是非常明确的针对中国的信号呢？
Economic Information daily: It’s reported that the US will give US companies importing Chinese goods 90 days to apply for tariff exemption. This is good news for American companies caught up in the trade war. But additional tariffs will still be enforced on other companies. What’s MOFCOM’s comment? Do you see it as a clear signal of US targeting China?
【高峰】:你提到的这是美方的国内政策程序。我想强调的是，在经济全球化的大背景下挑起贸易战，必然会给全球产业链和价值链造成“不稳定陷阱”，不仅会给其他国家造成损失，同时也会不可避免地损害本国企业和普通消费者的利益。不打贸易战，保持全球产业链和价值链的安全，这才是正确的政策选择。
Gao Feng: This is America’s domestic policy procedures. I want to emphasize that a trade war started against the background of economic globalization will surely create an uncertainty trap for global industrial chains and value chains, not only causing losses to other countries, but also inevitably hurting the interests of domestic companies and average consumers. The right policy choice is to refrain from trade war for the security of global industrial chains and value chains.
【中央广播电视总台央广经济之声记者】:美国贸易代表莱特希泽在声明中表示，中方对美国产品加征关税反制措施是没有任何国际法的依据和正当理由的，请问中方如何回应？
China Media Group: U.S. Trade Representative Lighthizer said in a statement that new tariffs against the US products by China is groundless and cannot be justified under the international law. What is China’s response to that?
【高峰】:我想大家都很清楚，这完全是“贼喊捉贼”的强盗逻辑。美方首先违反世贸组织规则，依据其国内法单方采取加征关税措施，是典型的单边主义和贸易保护主义行径，本身没有任何国际法律依据正当理由。中方为维护国家利益和人民利益，维护自由贸易和多边贸易体制，不得不做出必要的反制，并在世贸组织提起诉讼，这完全符合国际法的原则。美方自己践踏多边贸易体制，反而指责中方被迫采取的正当防卫，是非曲直，我想不言自明。
Gao Feng: I think that we are all clear it is completely the gangster logic in which “a robber acts like a cop”. The US first violated the WTO rules and imposed additional tariffs unilaterally based on its domestic laws, which is a typical unilateral and trade protectionist practice. It is groundless and cannot be justified under the international law by nature. In order to protect the interests of the country and the people and safeguard free trade and the multilateral trading system, China has to take necessary countermeasures and bring the case to the WTO, which is completely consistent with principles of the international law. The US itself is treading on the multilateral trading system while accusing the self-defense that China is forced to employ. I think the merits are self-evident here.
【中新社记者】:上半年中国对美国出口同比增速比去年同期下降13.9个百分点，6月当月下降23.8个百分点，请问商务部对这个现象怎么看？中美的贸易摩擦是不是导致出口增速大幅下滑的主要原因。即使出口增速下滑，但是中国对美的贸易顺差仍然保持相对比较高的水平，请问对此怎么看？以及对下半年的贸易形势，中美贸易摩擦是不是会导致中国对美出口进一步下滑？
China News Service: In the first half of this year, the growth of China’s export to the US decreased by 13.9 percentage points compared with the same period last year and 23.8 percentage points in June alone. What is MOFCOM’s view on this? Are the trade frictions between China and the US the main reason behind the plunge of export growth? Although the export growth dropped, China’s trade surplus with the US remains at a relatively high level, what is your view on this? As for trade in the second half of this year, will the growth of China’s export to the US further decrease because of the trade frictions between China and the US?
【高峰】:随着中国经济结构的不断调整，中国对外经常项目贸易顺差占GDP的比例已经大幅下降，从2007年的9.9%下降到2017年的1.4%，但与此同时，中美之间的贸易顺差依然较大，可见，造成这种逆向反差的原因需要从美国自身去找。美国长期执行出口管制政策、国内低储蓄率、不利于出口的税制以及美元储备货币地位等等，都使得美国必然出现较大规模的对外贸易逆差。美国违背这一基本经济规律，以莫须有罪名推给中国是完全错误的。
Gao Feng: As China continues to restructure its economy, the ratio of China’s current account trade surplus to GDP has decreased sharply, from 9.9% in 2007 to 1.4% in 2017. At the same time, the trade surplus of China with the US is still relatively large. Thus it is clear that the reason behind such reverse contrast should be attributed to US itself. The long-term export control policy, low deposit rate, the tax system discouraging export and USD as a reserve currency all make large-scale foreign trade deficit inevitable for the US. It is totally wrong for the US to first violate such fundamental economic rules and then make unwarranted charges against China.
美方挑起并不断升级贸易战给双边经贸合作带来严峻挑战，估计影响会在下半年逐步显现。我们将大力推动贸易的多元化，努力开拓第三方市场，妥善加以应对。同时，中国政府会继续问计于市场，采取更加有针对性的措施。谢谢。
The fact that the US provoked and constantly escalates the trade war will bring serious challenges to bilateral business cooperation and the effects are expected to show gradually in the second half of the year. We will strive to make trade more diversified and explore third-party market to give proper responses. In addition, the government of China will continue to seek advice from the market and take more targeted measures. Thank you.
【21世纪经济报道记者】:美国对华340亿关税清单中将近六成都涉及在华外资企业，请问征税以后是否存在外资企业选择转移、撤出到其他国家的风险，中国将如何应对？是否会影响中国在全球价值链中的地位？
21st Century Business Herald: In the USD 34 billion worth of tariff list issued by the US against China, nearly 60% involve foreign companies in China. After the tariff measures are implemented, will there be any risk of foreign companies choosing to transfer or move to other countries? How will China respond? Will it influence China’s position in the global value chain?
【高峰】:美方的征税措施，确实会对包括美资企业在内的在华外资企业造成影响，我们对此也深感遗憾，希望美资企业多做美国政府的工作，努力维护自身的利益。中国有稳定的投资环境，较强的产业配套能力，有潜力巨大，正在升级而且不断开放的消费市场。近期，据我了解，通用电气、福特、宝马、特斯拉等外资企业纷纷进一步扩大在中国的产能、规模和投资。我们将继续改善营商环境，保护外资企业在华的合法权益，使中国继续成为外国企业投资的首选之地。谢谢。
Gao Feng: The US tariff measures will indeed influence foreign companies in China, including US companies. We also feel sorry about it. We hope that the US companies can try to persuade the US government and protect their interests. China has a stable investment environment, strong industrial supporting abilities and a consumer market of huge potential being upgraded and opened up. According to my knowledge, recently GE, Ford, BMW, Tesla and other foreign companies are all expanding their production capacity, business scale and investment in China. We will continue to improve our business environment and protect the legitimate rights and interests of foreign companies in China so that China will remain the top choice for foreign business investment. Thank you.
【俄通塔斯社记者】:7月9日-12日在俄罗斯叶卡捷琳堡市举行第五届商务博览会，商务部对此次有何评价？中方对地方合作交流年有什么特别期待？第二个问题是，总理上周到达欧盟，在索非亚出席了中国中东欧国家领导人会晤，对德国进行了正式访问。商务部对这次访问期间的协商结果有何评论？
TASS: The 5th China-Russia Expo was hosted from July 9-12 in Yekaterinburg, Russia. What is MOFCOM’s take of it? Does China have any special expectations for the Year of China-Russia Local Cooperation and Exchange? The second question, Premier Li arrived in the EU last week. He attended the Summit of China and Central and Eastern European Countries in Sofia and paid an official visit to Germany. What is MOFCOM’s comment on the result of consultations during this visit?
【高峰】:关于你提到的第一个问题，作为中俄两国间的层次最高、规模最大的综合性展会，中俄博览会是第二次走进俄罗斯，也是中俄地方合作交流年的重要成果。这届博览会主要有三个特点：一是企业参展踊跃。中方有来自15个省市的近200家企业参展，参会规模超过1200人，俄方有来自20多个州区的企业参展参会。二是参展领域广泛。本届博览会总面积达到8500平米，其中中方展览面积约5500平米，重点展示了装备制造、科技创新、现代农业、服务贸易等领域内容；俄方展区重点展示冶金化工、工业自动化、机械制造等领域的内容。展览体现了较高的专业化水平。三是商务活动丰富多彩。双方围绕农林开发、跨境电商、科技创新、金融服务、青年交流等领域举办了14场重点商务活动，各具特色、效果良好。其中中俄地方合作论坛在博览会框架内首次召开，来自两国政府、地方和产业界的200多名代表参加了这次论坛，就加强经贸、投资、科技、人文、基础设施等领域的地方间合作进行了深入的交流，为两国地方和企业开展对话与合作搭建了重要平台。
Gao Feng: On your first question, as the largest comprehensive exhibition between China and Russia at the highest level, the China-Russia Expo has been held in Russia for the second time. It is also an important outcome of the Year of China-Russia Local Cooperation and Exchange. This year’s expo has three features: First, the expo is very popular among companies. Nearly 200 Chinese companies from 15 provinces and municipalities attend the expo, with more than 1200 participants to relevant events. Russian companies are from more than 20 provinces and districts. Second, the areas of this expo are extensive. The total area of this expo is 8500 square meters, including 5500 square meters for Chinese exhibitors, whose exhibits are mainly in the areas of equipment manufacturing, scientific innovation, modern agriculture and trade in services. The Russian exhibits focus on the areas of metallurgy and chemical industry, industrial automation and mechanical manufacturing. The exhibition is highly specialized. Third, diversified business activities are held. The two sides hosted 14 key commercial activities on agriculture and forestry development, cross-border e-commerce, technology innovation, financial services and youth exchanges, with different features and sound effects. This is the first time for the China-Russia Subnational Cooperation Forum to be hosted under the framework of the expo. More than 200 representatives from the governments, localities and industries of the two countries participated in the forum. They had in-depth exchanges over strengthening local cooperation on economy and trade, investment, science and technology, culture and infrastructure, building an important platform for dialogue and cooperation between the localities and companies of the two countries.
正如你提到的今年初，中俄两国元首商定共同举办地方合作交流年。我们愿同俄方一道，以此为契机，充分利用中俄博览会以及其他合作平台，带动两国更多地方、更多企业和民众加深相互了解，扩大互利合作，共同为中俄经贸关系持续健康发展做出新的更大贡献。
As you mentioned, at the beginning of this year, the leaders of China and Russia agreed to jointly host the Year of China-Russia Local Cooperation and Exchange. We stand ready to work with Russia to take this opportunity and fully leverage the China-Russia Expo and other cooperation platforms to help more localities, companies and the public of the two countries enhance mutual understanding and expand mutually-beneficial cooperation for greater contribution to the sustained and healthy development of China-Russia business relations.
关于你提到的第二个问题，总理访德的有关情况。此次总理访问德国期间，双方在经贸领域达成一系列重要共识。主要有以下四个方面：
On your second question, the visit to Germany by the Premier. During Premier Li’s visit to Germany, the two sides achieved a series of major business consensus in the following four areas:
一是共同反对保护主义，维护以多边规则为基础的自由贸易体系，支持《中欧投资协定》谈判取得迅速进展，并尽快达成高水平的谈判结果。二是推动双方经贸与投资合作向前发展，相互扩大开放，放宽市场准入。德方确认将担任首届中国国际进口博览会的主宾国。三是深化金融财经领域的合作，在高级别财金对话等双边机制框架下加强宏观政策沟通，打造双边和第三方市场合作的融资平台。四是支持双方企业共同开拓第三方市场，寻求“一带一路”倡议与欧洲基础设施规划的对接，发挥各自优势开展“工业4.0”合作。
First, we should jointly oppose protectionism, and uphold the free trade system underpinned by multilateral rules. We should support the negotiations on the China-EU investment treaty, strive for speedy progress, and achieve high-level outcomes as quickly as possible. Second, we should push bilateral trade and investment cooperation forward, open wider to each other and relax market access. Germany has confirmed to attend the first China International Import Expo as a guest country. Third, we should deepen financial and fiscal cooperation, strengthen policy coordination under bilateral mechanisms such as high-level financial dialogue, and establish bilateral or trilateral financing platforms. Fourth, we should support businesses to explore other markets together, seek connection between the BRI and European infrastructure program, and use each other’s advantages to conduct cooperation on Industrie 4.0.
总理访问期间，中德企业签署的商业协议涉及金额达近300亿美元，其中包括汽车、自动驾驶领域的合作，比如德国的汽车企业提高在华合资股比，双方汽车企业在华共建研发中心，以及在自动驾驶、新能源汽车等领域的多项战略合作。这表明，中德汽车产业着眼未来产业制高点，希望通过优势互补，互利合作，共同引领行业的革新。此外中德双方企业在工业制造领域的合作也在加深，比如，中国互联网企业与德国制造业企业共建工业互联网平台等等。我们相信，中德经贸合作会在双方的共同努力下迈上新台阶。谢谢。
During Premier Li’s visit, Chinese and German companies signed USD 30 billion worth of commercial agreements on areas of vehicles, self-driving cars, etc. German auto industries are allowed to have more equity of the joint ventures established in China. Chinese and German car makers will jointly build research and development centers and conduct strategic cooperation in self-driving cars, new energy cars, among others. Aiming at the commanding height of future industry, Chinese and German auto industries leverage each other’s strengths, conduct mutually beneficial cooperation and lead innovation of the industry. Besides, business cooperation on industrial manufacturing is going deeper. Chinese internet companies and German manufacturers will jointly build an industrial internet platform. We believe China-Germany trade and economic cooperation will scale new heights under our joint efforts. Thank you.
【第一财经电视记者】:目前中美贸易争端进入新的阶段，美方以加速升级的方式公布拟对中方2000亿美元输美产品加征关税清单，另一方面则出台限制中资企业对美投资法案，同时阻碍WTO上诉机构正常遴选程序，请问在这种外部压力下，中方将采取哪些措施帮助企业减少损失？
CBN: The China-US trade dispute is now at a new stage. The United States announced tariffs on USD 200 billion worth of Chinese goods in a way that is accelerating and escalating the situation, and passed a bill restricting Chinese businesses’ investment in the United States. In the meantime, the United States is blocking the selection procedure of WTO appellate body members. Under such pressure, what will China do to help companies cut loss?
【高峰】:对于美方已经和可能采取的措施，我们将继续评估企业所受到的影响，并根据情况采取有针对性的措施。比如，鼓励企业调整进口结构，对外开拓新兴市场，对内挖掘消费潜力，特别是按照人民群众需要和高质量发展的要求，推动企业化挑战为机遇，积极转型升级，调整产业结构、市场结构、投资结构，支持企业开展职业培训。总之，办法总比困难多。谢谢。
Gao Feng: We will continue to evaluate the impacts on businesses by the actions the United States has already taken or may take, and adopt targeted measures correspondingly. For example, we will encourage companies to adjust import structure, explore emerging markets, and unlock consumption potential. In particular, we will urge businesses to translate challenges to opportunities, actively transform and upgrade themselves, and restructure the industry, market and investment in accordance with people’s needs and the requirement for high-quality growth. We will also support them in doing vocational training. All in all, where there is a challenge, there are always multiple ways out.
【央视2套记者】:我们看到这两天芝加哥市长率领经贸代表团访华，在中美贸易不断升级的背景下，此次访华有什么意义?
CCTV-2: We’ve noted Mayor of Chicago led a trade mission to China a couple of days ago. What does the visit mean against the backdrop of the escalating trade dispute between China and the United States?
【高峰】:为庆祝中国城市与美国芝加哥市贸易投资合作联合工作组成立5周年，芝加哥市伊曼纽尔市长于7月9日至12日率大型经贸代表团访华，参团企业家超过50人。芝加哥市与中国8个城市签署了《2018-2023的五年重点产业合作计划》，这是中美两国地方政府之间签署的第一份经济合作五年计划，为芝加哥市扩大与中国的经贸往来、深化双方的互利合作绘制了蓝图。
Gao Feng: To celebrate the fifth anniversary of the joint working group on trade and investment cooperation between Chinese cities and Chicago, Mayor Emanuel led a large business delegation consisting of over 50 entrepreneurs to visit China between July 9 and 12. Chicago signed with eight Chinese cities a five-year cooperation plan for priority industries from 2018 to 2023, the first of its kind between local governments of China and the United States. It draws up the blueprint for expanding commercial exchanges and mutually beneficial cooperation between Chicago and China.
近年来，芝加哥市重视发展对华经贸关系。在贸易上自2010年以来，中国成为芝加哥关税区最大的贸易伙伴。投资上，芝加哥已经成为中国企业赴美投资的桥头堡。万象集团、中国银行、联想集团等60余家中资企业陆续落户芝加哥地区，经营情况良好。
In recent years, Chicago has taken trade and economic relations with China seriously. Since 2010, China has been the largest trading partner of Chicago. In terms of investment, Chicago has become the bridgehead for Chinese investors in the United States. Over 60 Chinese companies including Wanxiang Group, Bank of China, and Lenovo Group have a strong presence in the region.
在美国有一大批像芝加哥市这样的州和城市，愿意积极扩大对华的经贸合作。近年来，商务部已经会同国内的25个省市与美国的7个州市建立了中美省州贸易投资合作联合工作组机制。“国之交在于民相亲”，中美省州经贸合作已经成为中美经贸关系的重要基础。谢谢。
There are a whole bunch of states and cities in the United States like Chicago that are willing to expand trade and economic cooperation with China. MOFCOM, together with 25 Chinese provinces and cities, has established trade and investment cooperation working groups with seven states and cities in the United States. Amity between the people holds the key to sound state-to-state relations. Commercial cooperation between local governments has become an important foundation for China-US commercial relations. Thank you.
【第一财经日报记者】:日内瓦时间7月11日WTO开始对中国进行例行的贸易政策审议，这个审议上有一些成员国说中国有重商主义的倾向，有这样的批评。商务部对此有何回应？
CBN: On July 11, local time in Geneva, the WTO began a routine review on China’s trade policy. Some members criticized China for a tendency towards mercantilism. What’s MOFCOM’s comment?
【高峰】:希望个别成员不要戴着有色眼镜看中国，更不要用过时的思维给中国乱扣帽子。加入世贸组织以来，中国始终遵守世贸组织规则，履行了一个负责任成员应尽的义务。我们将继续坚持市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，深化改革，扩大开放，努力推动与世贸组织成员的互利共赢，共同发展。谢谢。
Gao Feng: It’s hoped that some members do not hold prejudice against China, or wrongly label China with an obsolete mindset. Since its accession to the WTO, China has always obeyed rules and honored its obligations as a responsible member. We will continue to let the market play a decisive role in resource allocation, deepen reform, open up wider, and push for win-win results and common development for all WTO members. Thank you.
【澳亚卫视记者】:我们看到上周五召开的中央全面深化改革委员会第三次会议通过了《关于完善促进消费体制机制进一步激发居民消费潜力的若干意见》，在接下来促进消费方面商务部是不是会加快行动？有声音认为，今年中国有望成为世界第一的消费市场，这样可能化解中美贸易战带来的影响，发言人如何看待这一说法？在进一步扩大消费方面会有哪些作用或者举动？
MASTV: The 3rd meeting of the Central Committee for Comprehensively Deepening Reform endorsed Opinions on Improving Consumption Mechanism and Further Unleashing Resident Consumption Potential last Friday. Will MOFCOM speed up promoting consumption? China is projected to become the world’s largest consumer market. Some people think this may alleviate the impacts of the trade war between China and the United States. What do you make of it? What measures will be taken to further expand consumption?
【高峰】:中国有近14亿人口的巨大的消费市场，人民对美好生活的需求在不断地提升。2017年我国消费支出对国民经济增长的贡献率为58.8%，今年一季度达到77.8%。促进和扩大消费，一直是我们重要的工作内容之一。不管中美经贸关系如何变化，我们都会按照既定的目标和节奏，积极稳妥地推进促消费的工作。
Gao Feng: China has a huge consumer market with nearly 1.4 billion people, whose demand for a better life is ever growing. In 2017, consumption contributed 58.8% to China’s GDP growth. The share rose to 77.8% in the first quarter this year. It has always been high on our agenda to promote and expand consumption. No matter how China-US commercial relations change, we will advance our work in an active and steady way as scheduled.
下一步，我们将按照高质量发展的要求，顺应居民消费的新趋势，从供需两端发力，着力做好以下几项工作：一是促进城乡便民消费。比如我们将积极推进“15分钟社区服务圈”的建设；二是增加中高端的供给。重点推进高品位的步行街建设以及国际消费城市的培育，同时积极扩大进口，充分利用中国国际进口博览会等平台，丰富国内的商品和服务供给；三是完善供应链。全面推进现代供应链试点示范和高效的物流配送体系建设；四是营造安全放心的消费环境。比如继续推进食用农产品、食品等重要产品的追溯体系建设，积极推进商务诚信体系建设。
Going forward, we will follow the requirement for high-quality growth and the new trend of resident consumption, and make efforts from the perspectives of both supply and demand to do the following work. First, to promote convenient consumption in rural and urban areas. We will push forward development of community service circles that consumers can have access to within 15 minutes. Second, to increase medium to high-end supply. We will concentrate on building high-end pedestrian streets and international consumption cities while expanding imports via platforms such as the China International Import Expo to deliver more goods and services. Third, to improve supply chains. We will press ahead with pilot projects of modern supply chains and highly efficient logistics system. Fourth, to create a safe and reliable consumption environment. We will continue to improve traceability of edible produces, food and other important products and advance the building of a commerce credit system.
总之，我们将与有关部门共同努力，不断推进消费的持续、稳定、高质量增长。谢谢。
In a word, we will continue to work with relevant agencies to secure sustained, stable and high-quality growth in consumption. Thank you.
今天的发布会到此结束。谢谢大家！
This is the end of today’s press conference. Thank you all.
- THE END -
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