绝缘电阻检测电路的趋势
这里不重复讲之前的内容,重点提基础的趋势。
1)充电部分:主要是测量LN之间的电流差异的模式
这里有三个用处,车载逆变器小的GFCI保护,充电桩/模式2充电线缆的漏电流保护还有V2G里面的充电机输出
2)直流母线部分:这里主要测电池包母线+/-对底盘地的绝缘电阻
2.1 电池其他部分对地之间的绝缘电阻:单体对底盘地
3)驱动逆变器和HVAC之后的压缩机驱动器交流部分的绝缘电阻
3.1 主逆变器的输出的部分
3.2 HVAC压缩机的部分
1)这个缺点,必须是上电状态才能测,这是最麻烦的事情。
2)容性泄漏电阻,特别是在交流端的泄漏没法测量
b)脉冲测量模式:这种模式基本的概念都是脉冲叠在上面,根据阻抗算容性和阻性的绝缘阻抗。
缺点是受干扰的情况比较多,需要很多的算法考虑,在不同的状态。
我做了一个有趣的统计,把很多车企手里的绝缘电阻检测方法的专利做了一些梳理,大家可以仔细看看:
Johnson Controls-Saft
US8466691 Determination of insulation resistance of an electric DC circuit
Bender
US 20130088240 /US 9182431 Method and apparatus for determining an insulation resistance in a grounded isole terre system
本田
US 20100246081 / US8373950 Ground fault detecting system and electric vehicle with ground fault detecting system
现代
US 20120120530/US 8537509 Ground fault detecting and controlling method for parallel-structured high voltage system
福特汽车
US 5382946 Method and apparatus for detecting leakage resistance in an electric vehicle
US 6388451 Leakage current cancellation device
US 20130154656 Battery pack distributed isolation detection circuitry
通用汽车
US 20040001292/US 6788504 Mobile electric power supply system with deactivatable GFCI protection
US 20110218745/US 8635033 Method and apparatus to monitor loss of ground isolation of an electric motor drive circuit
US20110175619 US 8497687 Method and apparatus for monitoring electrical ground isolation in a powertrain system
US 20100244760/US 8164298 System and method for detecting loss of isolation while an AC motor is operating
US 20080119976/US 7627405 Prognostic for loss of high-voltage isolation
日系专利布局
松下
US 20020121902 US 6906525 Ground detection apparatus for electric vehicle
US 20070176604 US 7560935 Ground-fault resistance measurement circuit and ground-fault detection circuit
US8030893 Battery pack and method for detecting disconnection of same
三洋
US 20030030440/US 6700384 Circuit for detecting leakage in power supply
丰田
US 5686839 Equipment and method for detecting electrical leakage in electric vehicle
US 20040243288/US 6970807 Diagnostic system and method for electric leak detecting device
US 20090134881/US 7994799 Insulation resistance detection system, insulation resistance detection apparatus and insulation resistance detection method
US 20130049971/US 9046580 Battery thermal event detection system utilizing battery pack isolation monitoring
日产
绝缘检测
US 20020121902/US 6906525 Ground detection apparatus for electric vehicle
US 20070008666/US 7292042 Ground fault detector for vehicle
US 20070188948/US 7554333 Grounding detector
US 20120025844/US 8847605 Connection diagnostic apparatus for ground fault detector => CN102460193A CN102460193B
高压检测
US 20120146656/US 8749247 Apparatus and method for detecting abnormality of high voltage circuit CN102483436A, CN102483436B
单体检测
US 8563152 Battery cell and monitoring device for assembled battery
其中比较重要的一个点,比如日产和丰田,把算法进一步融合,
1)日产将继电器粘连检测与绝缘检测的电路合在一块了
国内有些企业是把高压检测的桥+绝缘检测的桥合一块的,不过主控单元放在哪里比较讲究了。
小结:
1)专利的交叉的引用,其实看得人挺费劲的,不过也容易学到不少的东西,系统的来看,你有很多的数据和电路的行为,可以合并很多的工作,可以得到不同的标志来形成某些事件的预警
2)电动汽车的专利布局啥的,其实更深远一些,光这个绝缘检测就不少的东西,涉及安全的内容真不少呢