深圳鸟·人故事

本文转自深圳日报-英文

Video and photos by Liu Xudong except otherwise stated

THIS black-faced spoonbill, an endangered species, is foraging for food in Futian Mangrove Ecological Park. As a star bird of Shenzhen, the spoonbill has garnered the attention of the general public for years. It is especially favored by a group of individuals: the city’s avid bird lovers and conservationists who care for its habitat.

这是一只黑脸琵鹭，全球濒危物种之一，此刻它正在福田红树林生态公园觅食。作为深圳的明星鸟类，黑脸琵鹭一直受到社会各界的普遍关注，而且有那么一群人，更是时刻牵挂它们的生存状况，他们，就是深圳的爱鸟护鸟人。

This large tract of lush forest land, covering an area of 9.22 square kilometers, is Guangdong Neilingding Futian National Nature Reserve. It consists of two parts: Futian Mangrove Wetland and Neilingding Island. It acts as a favorable natural habitat for endangered wildlife, including the black-faced spoonbill and rhesus macaque. As China’s only pristine mangrove wetland ecosystem located in a city center, Futian Mangrove Wetland has become an important stopover for birds migrating from Siberia to Australia.

这片茂密的林地是总面积为9.22平方公里的广东内伶仃福田国家级自然保护区，由福田红树林湿地和内伶仃岛两部分构成，为黑脸琵鹭、猕猴等珍稀濒危野生动物提供适宜的栖息环境。福田红树林是我国唯一的城市市区内原生红树林湿地生态系统，也是候鸟从西伯利亚迁徙至澳大利亚的重要驿站。

Wang Yongjun, once director of Guangdong Neilingding Futian National Nature Reserve Administration, cherishes an unbreakable bond with this small forest.

这位老人名叫王勇军，作为这片自然保护区曾经的带头人，他对这片林地有着割舍不去的情结。

In 2004, a group of enthusiastic birdwatchers spontaneously launched the Shenzhen Bird Watching Society. Over the past dozen years, they have been dedicated to promoting birdwatching events, ecological protection, conducting bird censuses, environmental monitoring, and establishing a bird database. One census they conduct is the annual International Black-faced Spoonbill Census.

2004年，一群热血的观鸟人士自发组成了深圳市观鸟协会，十几年来，他们致力于推广观鸟活动、鸟类生态保护、鸟类普查及环境监测、建立鸟类资料库等工作。这里面，就包括一年一度的黑脸琵鹭全球同步普查项目。

This census is organized by the Hong Kong Bird Watching Society and participated by birdwatching societies across the globe. It is conducted to count the number of black-faced spoonbills in the world. The work is realized by local veteran birdwatchers, conservationists, researchers and ornithologists.

这是一项由香港鸟会统筹、全球各地鸟会参与统计黑脸琵鹭数目的活动，由各地资深观鸟者、环保志愿者、鸟类学家共同义务承担。

In 2019, the census took place on the weekend from Jan. 25 to 27. One volunteer named Jian Qinxiang quickly grabbed the chance to get involved in this unique job after the recruitment announcement was made. It was his sixth time participating in the census since 2014.

2019 年的普查安排在1 月 25、26、27 日这三天进行。此次活动的招募公告发布后，简勤乡抓住了参与这项有趣工作的机会，这是他自2014年以来第六次参加普查活动。

Also participating in the annual bird count were Wu Jing and Zhou Jun. They are volunteers with OCT Wetland and Shenzhen Mangrove Wetlands Conservation Foundation (MCF). While leading interpretive tours in parks, they often explain to the public the living environment of birds.

同样参与普查的吴璟和周军是红树林基金会和华侨城湿地的志愿者，她们在公园做导览时经常会向公众讲解鸟类的生存状况。

Black-faced spoonbills at Futian Mangrove Ecological Park. Yin Yuzhu

Most of the time, the participants count the birds with zoom binoculars and telephoto cameras. As for areas hidden by woods and forests, more applicable and flexible devices like drones have been deployed for the count.

大多数时候，他们利用高倍望远镜和长焦相机进行计数。对于丛林遮挡的区域，目前也开始使用一些更直观灵活的工具，譬如无人机。

"It is very effective to use a drone to find spoonbills hiding far away behind trees," said Yin Yuzhu, executive director of Futian Mangrove Ecological Park. "It can take very clear pictures of the spoonbills and thus facilitate the count."

福田红树林生态公园执行园长尹玉柱说：“使用无人机寻找躲在远方树后的琵鹭是非常有效的。它可以对琵鹭拍下非常清晰的照片，从而便于计数。”

The drone recorded 48 spoonbills in the park at 4:30 p.m. Jan. 27. The 2018 census recorded 3,941 black-faced spoonbills. Of those, 350 wintered at Shenzhen Bay, accounting for nearly one-tenth of the global total.

27号下午4点30分，无人机在公园里记录了48只琵鹭。2018年调查数据显示，全球共有黑脸琵鹭3941只，其中有350只黑脸琵鹭在深圳湾过冬，占全球总数的将近一成。

Many birders spare no effort to capture precious moments with their feathered friends, even though they often have to brave bad weather, get up early and stay up late. While bird photography is a way of recording the lives of birds, humans are not entitled to disturb, interfere with or change their living habits. For them, photographing captive birds or even baited birds is disgraceful.

许多观鸟爱好者为了拍摄珍贵的画面，在野外风餐露宿，起早贪黑，不辞辛劳。毫无疑问，鸟类拍摄的意义就在于对鸟类生活的真实记录，人类不应该侵扰、干涉、改变鸟类的生活习惯。在他们看来，摆拍诱拍是极为不光彩的行为。

A black-faced spoonbill flying in a graceful posture. Lao D

Black-faced spoonbills are docile and never actively attack other birds. This group of photos taken by birding enthusiast Lao D shows their graceful and gentle posture.

黑脸琵鹭的性情温顺，从不主动攻击其他鸟类。这是一组由观鸟爱好者老D拍摄的黑脸琵鹭，镜头里呈现出它们优美而平缓的姿态。

A leopard cat and black-faced spoonbills are captured in one frame on Jan.27 this year. Tian Zhihui

Tian Zhihui, a veteran birdwatcher, captured both a leopard cat and black-faced spoonbills in one frame Jan. 27 this year, fulfilling his long-cherished wish that has also become a much-told tale. The WeChat group he launched has also become a platform for birdwatchers to share their work, exchange experience and encourage each other.

田志辉，资深观鸟者，在今年1月27日，他成功地拍摄到豹猫和黑脸琵鹭同框的画面，成为一段佳话，也圆了自己十几年的心愿。在田志辉发起的社交群里，聚集着众多观鸟爱好者，他们在这里分享作品，交流经验，相互勉励。

A single black-faced spoonbill has landed in OCT Wetland each year since 2016 like clockwork, though no one can be certain whether it's always the same bird.

自2016年以来，华侨城湿地每年都会来一只黑脸琵鹭，仿佛如约而至。尽管没人能确定它是否为同一只琵鹭。

On Feb. 16, a group of children attended a Birding Class held in OCT Wetland. They were guided by volunteers to observe birds and learn how to protect birds.

这是2月16日，在华侨城湿地举行的小鸟课堂上，一群孩子在志愿者的带领下观鸟识鸟，并学习保护鸟类的知识。

In 2018, the Shenzhen Bird Watching Society released a list of the top 10 birding locations in the city, which includes Futian Mangrove Ecological Park, Shenzhen Bay Park, OCT Wetland, Wutong Mountain National Park and Bijia Mountain Park. Among them, Shenzhen Bay Park is the best site for citizens to observe and photograph waterbirds at close range. Anyone, if he or she is lucky enough, can see large flocks of birds flying in formations over Shenzhen Bay, which is a spectacular sight to behold. And crowds of birders can be spotted gathering here each morning and evening. They hold their cameras and mobile phones, attentively waiting for a thrilling moment to occur.

2018年，深圳观鸟协会发布了包括深圳湾公园、华侨城湿地公园、梧桐山风景区、笔架山公园、福田红树林生态公园等十佳观鸟点。其中，深圳湾公园是市民近距离观赏和拍摄水鸟的最佳场所，常有大群鸟类列队飞行，场面极为壮观。每天早晚，成群结队的观鸟爱好者聚集在此，他们端着相机和手机，等待每一个激动人心的瞬间。

Birds are the most representative species of wildlife and an important part of forest and wetland ecosystems. Their living conditions reflect the changes of the natural environment sensitively and profoundly. There is no doubt that the bird kingdom is the pride of the planet. They are the creatures that inspire human beings to fulfill their potential.

鸟类是自然野生动物中最具代表性的类群，是森林、湿地生态系统的重要组成部分。它们的生存状况，灵敏而又深刻地反映着自然环境的变迁。毫无疑问，它们也是让这个星球引以为傲的生命。正是因为它们的自由翱翔，给了人类飞行的梦想和灵感。

Wang Yongjun believes that the development and construction of Shenzhen for more than 30 years has reduced the wetland area and damaged the living environment of birds to a certain extent. With the deepening of ecological construction and the improvement of ecological civilization, as well as the enhancement of public awareness of the ecosystem, Shenzhen in particular has attached more importance to the protection of its wetlands and natural ecosystems. The results of effective measures taken here are encouraging.

王勇军认为，深圳30多年的发展建设使湿地面积缩小，一定程度上破坏了鸟类的生存环境。随着生态建设和生态文明建设的不断深入，以及公众对生态系统的认识不断加深，特别是深圳更加重视湿地和自然生态系统的保护，采取了许多行之有效的措施，其结果也鼓舞人心。

On May 1, 2014, the city set up a fishing ban zone of about 23 square kilometers in Shenzhen Bay, which resulted in the immediate improvement of the ecological environment there.

2014年5月1日起， 23平方公里海域禁渔区在深圳湾设立。“禁渔区”对生态环境的改善产生立竿见影的效果。

In the east of Shenzhen, a coastal heritiera wetland nature reserve has taken shape around Baguang Village. Here, beaches, wetlands and forests are integrated, over 100 ancient trees of coastal heritiera are better protected, and a good natural habitat has been created for more than 50 kinds of wild birds that stay here the year round.

在深圳的东部，一座名为银叶树湿地园的自然保护区已在坝光村周边初步成型，海滩、湿地、林地连为一体，百余棵银叶古树得到更好的保护，也为常年栖息在此的50多种野生鸟类提供更好的生存环境。

Shenzhen had recorded 366 species of birds by December 2017, an increase of 86 species over 2000. This data directly reflects Shenzhen's achievements in building a forest city, a city of parks and a world flower city.

截止到2017年12月，深圳有记录的鸟类为366种，比2000年增加了86种。这一数据直观地反映了深圳打造森林之城、公园之城和世界花城的成效。

Many of them are enthusiastic young people, and the number of volunteers has been growing. These young people with MCF indeed move me a lot.

他们有很多热心的青年人

而且志愿者队伍越来越庞大

像红树林基金会这些年轻人让我挺感动

We can learn the changes of the habitat, breeding site and number of black-faced spoonbills through the bird census.  It can make our interpretation to the visitors more vivid.

通过鸟调掌握黑脸琵鹭的

栖地、繁殖地、数量上的变化

可以更生动对公众进行讲解

This is the meaning of nature education.  It is also our original aspirations as environmental protection volunteer teachers and nature interpreters.

这是我们做自然教育的意义

也是我们环保志愿教师、自然导赏员的初心

Bad weather is not a big deal in birdwatching. Compared with our passion for birding, the sun, wind and rain are simply nothing for us.

在观鸟的时候出现恶劣天气其实都是小儿科

因为喜爱观鸟

所以晒黑、晒伤、风吹雨打都不算什么

Shenzhen Bird Watching Society

深圳市观鸟协会

MCF

红树林基金会

Futian Mangrove Ecological Park

福田红树林生态公园

OCT Wetland

华侨城湿地公园

And all the interviewees

及所有受访者

Special thanks to Zhang Gaofeng for helping identify the birds in the mini-doc

特别感谢张高峰老师对鸟类名称的标注

And Yin Yuzhu for providing some drone photos

以及尹玉柱提供的部分航拍素材

Writer/Wang Ying

WeChat Editors/Holly, Jane