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The $67 Billion Cost of Sitting
Inactivity, work and health
How much does sitting cost mankind’s health? According to several new papers in the Lancet, at least $67 billion a year. About $54 billion of that represents direct medical costs. And that does not include the costs of early death.
Can one million people really be wrong?
The results, pooling 16 studies of those million people through an eight-year period, appear among four Lancet papers reviewing the results of physical inactivity prior to the Olympics. A previous set appeared in 2012. In some ways, the results look worse four years on—the more hours you sit, the quicker you leave this earth.
That is even true for television watching, of whose engagement a subgroup on half million was followed. Those who sat for more than 3 hours a day before the tube experienced progressively higher rates of death. The numbers for sitting in front of the TV were even a little worse than for sitting, say, at work. The authors were not sure why. They thought it might be that watching more TV was part of a more unhealthy lifestyle—or perhaps TV viewers like to snack.
But there is a silver lining in the Lancet papers. Even people who sit at their jobs eight hours a day can reverse the increased death rate through vigorous activity. Move quickly for more than an hour a day and the death rates go as low as if you were not sitting at all. That highly positive result is new.
Now we just need to get people to move.
The Problem of Inactivity
So how does inactivity increase medical costs? One answer is simple—inactivity increases most of chronic diseases that afflict mankind. Think stroke, heart isease, diabetes, cancer, dementia. Eachare prevented by physical activity. Move more, live longer. Move more, feel better. Move more, think better.
So what are the mechanisms for physical inactivity’s baleful effects?
As usual when confronting the information system that is the human body, themost important variables may not yet be known. It does appear that people clot more when we sit—we know what happens in airplanes. A recent Japanese study of TV watching and pulmonary emboli (lung clots) found they went up 70 percent when watching for two and a half to five hours, and 250% when watching for more than five hours a day.
Another unhealthy factor engaged by sitting is that glucose metabolism seemsto go haywire. Sitting and obesity are also highly correlated. My personal guess is that immune function is also unhappily changed by staying sedentary.
So why aren’t people moving more?
Because there are great incentives in life and work not to move. And governments have done little to encourage physical activity for much of the world's population.
文章摘自：The $67 Billion Cost of Sitting
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