[2021年寒假]高中英语寒假练习3:阅读理解一篇

Fired bricks are a universal building material, produced by thousand-year-old technology, which throughout history has seldom served any other purpose. But researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have found a new use for bricks:as energy storage units. A team of engineers and chemists have found a way to transform an ordinary house brick into a battery(电池)—allowing it to conduct (传导)and store electricity.

The researchers connect an LED light bulb(灯泡)to the bricks. They are powerful enough to illuminate it and cost only about $3 to make.

“I love the idea of adding value to things that are inexpensive, things that are affordable, things that we see every day,” said Julio D'Arcy, an assistant professor of chemistry at Washington University and one of the researchers on this project.

The new invention relies on something known as iron oxide, a form of matter in bricks that gives them their red colour. The scientists pumped the bricks with several gases that react with iron oxide to produce a network of plastic fibres. These fibres coat the empty spaces inside the bricks—and conduct electricity.

“What we’re trying to do is:we're trying to make specialized plastics and then we can actually put those plastics inside construction materials,”D’Arcy says. “In the future, a brick wall could potentially serve two purposes at one time:providing structural support and storing electricity produced from renewable energy sources,such as solar panels.”

The technology is still at least a few years away from being ready for the market. And right now the energy that the bricks can store is still not much. But the team is now testing ways to improve brick performance—because it looks like you can find a new purpose for an old brick.

8.What did the researchers turn bricks into?

A. Lighting equipment.

B. Construction materials.

C. An electricity-storage item.

D. A new form of green energy.

9.What does the underlined word “illuminate”in paragraph 2probably mean?

A. Store. 

B. Light.

C. Conduct.

D. Transform.

10.What conducts electricity in the bricks?

A. Iron oxide. 

B. The stored gases.

C. The produced fibres.

D. The empty spaces.

11.What is the best title for the text?

A. Old Bricks,New Tricks 

B. A Bright Future Is on the Way

C. A New Way to Produce Electricity 

D. Recycled Batteries,Renewable Energy

词汇注释

storage [ˈstɔːrɪdʒ] 贮存；贮藏；存储；仓库；保管

illuminate [ɪˈl(j)uːmɪneɪt] 说明；使灿烂；阐明；照亮;照亮

affordable [əˈfɔːdəbəl] 负担得起的；支付得起的

assistant [əˈsɪst(ə)nt] 助手；助理；助教;助理的；辅助的；副的；有帮助的

professor [prəˈfɛsə] 教授；教师；教员；=

project [ˈprɒdʒɛkt] 工程；计划；方案；项目;设计；放映；投掷；投射；发射；计划；突出；体现

relies on 依赖，依靠

iron [ˈaɪən] 铁；铁器；熨斗；刚强;铁的；刚强的；残酷的；坚强的;用铁铸成;熨衣

oxide [ˈɒksʌɪd] 氧化物

Iron oxide 铁矿石，氧化铁;

pumped [pʌmpt] 盘问；用泵输送；涌出；快速摇动；（pump的过去式和过去分词）;紧张的；喘得上气不接下气的

plastic [ˈplæstɪk] 塑料；塑料制品；

fibres ['faɪbəz] 纤维；纤维制品（fibre的复数）

potentially [pə'tenʃəlɪ] 潜在地；可能地

solar [ˈsəʊlə] 太阳的；太阳能的；利用太阳能的；日光的；与太阳有关的;顶层房间；日光浴室

panels [ˈpænəlz] 嵌板；镶板；控制板；仪表盘；座谈小组；（panel的复数）;（用镶板等）镶嵌；（panel的第三人称单数）

transform [transˈfɔːm] 改变；转换;变换式

答案详解

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导语：这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项新发明——把砖块变成电池。

8.C 细节理解题。根据第一段“…a new use for bricks: as energy storage units. A team of engineers and chemists have found a way to transform an ordinary house brick into a battery (电池)”可知答案。

9.B 词义推断题。根据句意可知这些砖块充上了电，能让灯泡亮起来。

10.C 细节理解题。根据第四段“The scientists pumped the bricks with several gases that react with iron oxide to produce a network of plastic fibres. These fibres coat the empty spaces inside the bricks一and conduct electricity. ”可知答案。

11.A 主旨大意题。根据全文可知研究人员把常见的砖块变成了新型电池，因此A为最佳选项。

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