高中英语考纲3500词之核心词汇专项训练（13）
241. enter /'entə/ vt. 进入；加入
【拓展】
enter into开始，从事，；参加(讨论等)
enter for参加(竞赛，活动等)；报名参加(比赛)
enter on开始,着手
entrance n. 入口；进入
entry n. 进入；入口；条目；登记；报关手续
【例句】 The students can’t enter the classroom without the teacher’s permission when they are late. 学生迟到后没有老师的允许就不能进入教室。
【串记】At the entrance to the library, the performers canenter for the science competition with their entry. 表演者们可以带着他们的报名相关手续到图书馆入口处报名参加科技竞赛。
242. entertain /entə'teɪn/ v.使欢/娱乐；招待, 款待
【拓展】
(1) entertain sb.to sth. 用某物招待某人
entertain sb.with sth. 用某物使某人快乐
(2)entertainment n. 娱乐，文娱节目；招待，款待
to one's entertainment 使某人高兴的是
entertaining adj.有趣的；令人愉快的
entertainer n. 演艺人员，表演者
【例句】①He entertained us for hours with his stories and jokes.他讲故事、说笑话，让我们高兴了好几个小时。
②To my great entertainment, he promised to entertain us to ice cream. 令我非常高兴的是，他答应请我们吃冰淇淋。
【串记】The entertainerentertained the audience with an entertaining musical entertainment. 这位表演者用一种令人愉快的音乐演出来逗乐观众。
243.environment /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/ n. 生态/自然环境；生活环境，外界
【拓展】
environmental a. 环境的，周围的；有关环境的
environmentally friendly保护生态环境的；对生态环境无害的
environmentlist n. 环保人士；环境论者；研究环境问题的专家
【例句】All of us have to take action to protect our living environment. 我们大家都必须采取行动来保护我们的生活环境。
【串记】Environmentlists suggest that we should use the environmentally friendly methods to protect our environment. 环境学家建议我们应该用比较环保的方式来保护我们的环境。
244. equal /'i:kwəl/ a. 相等的；平等的；v. (使)等于；比得上；n. 同等的人/物
【拓展】
(1)equal ... with ... 把……与……等同
(2)be equal to (doing) sth. 等于；能胜任(做)某事
be equal with 与……平等
equal sb./sth. in 在……方面与某人/某物相等
equality n. 平等；相等
equally ad. 同样地；相/平等地；公平地
【例句】①Anyone will be equal to the job, as long as he is careful. 只要细心，任何人都能胜任这项工作。
②No one is equal to him in courage, about which every one knows.在勇气方面没有人没得上他，这一点大家都清楚。
③Men and women must be treated equally in education and employment. 在教育和就业方面，男女必须受到平等对待。
【串记】Many women who are equal to their job have the same equality with men and are treated equally. 许多能胜任工作的女性享有和男士们平等权利并且能被平等地对待。
245. equip /ɪ'kwɪp/ vt. 提供设备；装/配备
【拓展】
equip …with 用……装备; 使……具备
be equipped with配/装备有…；装有…
equipment [U] 设备，装备；器材
【例句】①To compete more effectively with others, more and more people equip themselves with a higher education．为了能够更有效地和别人竞争，越来越多的人通过接受更高级的教育来装备自己。
②The soldiers were well equipped with weapons(武器) and ready to start．战士们已经全副武装，整装待发。
【串记】Every classroom in our school is equipped with advanced equipment. 我们学校的每个教室里都配备有先进的设备。
246.escape /ɪ'skeɪp; e-/ v.& n. 逃跑/脱；躲过；泄露；出口
【拓展】
(1)escape (doing) sth.逃脱(做)某事
escape from/out of ... 从……逃跑，逃走
escape sb./one's attention/notice 逃过某人的注意；被某人遗忘
(2)have a narrow escape 九死一生
make one's escape 逃脱；逃走
【例句】①I remember seeing him somewhere before, but his name escapes me for the moment. 我记得以前在某个地方见过他，但一时想不起他的名字。
②He managed to escape from prison, and spent 9 years in hiding. 他设法从监狱中逃了出来，并隐藏了9年的时间。
③The driver narrowly escaped being killed in the traffic accident.这名司机在车祸中差一点被撞死。
【串记】His cousinhad a narrow escape from the fire escape; that is to say, heescaped being beaten by a gang of guys. 他的表弟从安全出口勉强躲过一群人的殴打。
247.even /'iːv(ə)n/ ad. 甚至，连(…都)；更；a. 平坦的
【拓展】
even if(though)即使……
even so 虽然如此，即使如此
even now即使现在也
【例句】You know even less about it than I do．关于此事你知道得比我还少。
【串记】Even so, the examiner doesn’t not even remember what they did 3 years ago. 即使这样，这位主考官甚至于记不得3年前发生了什么。
249. evidence /'evɪd(ə)ns/ n. & v. 证据(同proof)；证词
【拓展】
(1) evidence of/for sth. 有某事/物的证据
evidence that… 有证据
evidence to show / suggest…有证据表明
there is evidence that 有证据表明
(2)evident adj. 明显的
be evident to sb. that ... 某人清楚……
It is evident that ... 显然……
【例句】①Do you have evidence that this treatment works?你有没有证据证明这种治疗有效？
②It is evident to all that he is wrong.很显然大家都知道他错了。
【串记】There is evidence that all your evidences are evidently wrong. 有证据表明你所有的证词都是明显错误的。
250. examine /ɪg'zæmɪn; eg-/ vt. 检查；调查；测试/验
【拓展】
examinee n. 应试者；受审查者；受检查者
examiner n. 检验员；主考人
examination n.考试；检查；查问
make an examination of检查
on examination经审查，经调查后，经考试
under examination在审查中，在调查中
【例句】Lie down and let me examine you. 躺下，让我给你检查一下。
【串记】During the examination, the examiner is busy examining the examinees’ paper. 在考试时， 主考人忙着检查参考人员的试卷。
251.example /ɪg'zɑːmp(ə)l; eg-/ n. 例子；榜样，样本
【拓展】
follow the example of以……为榜样，仿效某人
for example例如
set an example to给……树立榜样
take example by拿……做榜样，以...为例
【例句】Can you think of any other examples? 你能想到别的例子吗？
【串记】Let’s take Yuan Longping for example; he set us so good an example that we all shouldfollow his example. 我们拿袁隆平来举个例子。他给我们树立了这么好的例子，我们大家都要以他为榜样。
252. except /ɪkˈsept/ prep. 除……之外
【拓展】
except for若不是，除掉……一点之外，只有(是)
except that除……之外
exception n. 例外; 异议
exceptional a. 异常的，例外的
【例句】All the students had the examination except me. 除了我之外所有的学生都参加了这次考试。
【串记】Without exception, some of the exceptional examples made your composition wonderful except forthe handwriting. 毫无异议，除了你的拼写之外，你的不同寻常的例子使得你的作文很精彩。
【辨析】besides/except/except for/apart from
besides除...之外，尚有...或外加...
except 除...之外（在整体中除去一部分）
except for说明整个基本情况后，对细节加以纠正apart from 除...之外；此外
exchange/ɪks'tʃeɪndʒ / n．交换；交流，vt.交换；交流；交易；兑换
【拓展】
(1)exchange sth. for sth. 以某物换取某物
exchange sth. with sb. 和某人交换某物
(2)in exchange for 交换(常用于give/get/receive后)
make an exchange 交换
exchange rate汇率
exchange of views 交换意见
exchange student 交换生
【例句】①May I exchange seats with you?我和你调一个座位好吗?
②Many schools drop PE time to exchange for the time of academic courses. 许多学校放弃体育课时间交换学术课程的时间。
③We'll have an opportunity to exchange views tomorrow. 明天我们将有机会交换看法。
④He’s teaching me French in exchange for my teaching him Chinese．作为我教他汉语的交换，他教我法语。
253. excite/ɪk'saɪt; ek-/ vt. 使兴奋/激动
【拓展】
be excite about 对…感到兴奋；因…而激动
be excite about to do sth. 对做某事感到兴奋
be excited by sb 被某人激怒,为…而兴奋
excited a. 兴奋的；激动的；活跃的
exciting a．令人兴奋的，令人激动的
excitement n.兴奋，激动，鼓舞，令人兴奋的事(物)
【例句】What excites us most is that we’ll take three days off. 使我们兴奋的是我们要放三天假。
【串记】The studentsare excited about to get the exciting news. 学生们得到这个令人兴奋的消息感到激动。
254. excuse /ɪkˈskju:s; ɪkˈskju:z/ vt. 原谅；宽恕；为……辩解；n. 借口；辩解，理由
【拓展】
Excuse me．对不起，请原谅，劳驾
excuse sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事
in excuse of为……辩解
make an excuse of替……辩解
【例句】The naughty boy always has excuses one after another. 这个调皮的男孩总是一个接一个地找借口。
【串记】Excuse me, can you excuse me for making up an excuse. 对不起，你能原谅我编造了一个借口吗？
255. exercise /'eksəsaɪz/ [U] &v. 锻炼，运动；[C]体操；练习(题)；vt. 行使，运用
【拓展】
do exercises 做操/练习
do morning exercises做早操；晨练
go in for exercise 参加体育运动
take exercise作运动(指保持和增进健康的运动)
【例句】If you don't take more exercises，you’ll get fat．你如果不多作运动，就会发胖。
【串记】After finishing doing his exercises, he often takes exercise. 做完练习之后，他还要经常锻炼。
256. exist /ɪg'zɪst; eg-/ vi. 存在；生存
【拓展】
(1)exist in存在于
exist on ＝ live on靠……生存；靠……生活
There exist(s) ...有……
(2)existence n.存在；生存；生活
in existence 现存的；存在的
come into existence/being 开始存在
existing a. 存在的；现行的
【例句】①The custom of arranged marriage still exists in many countries. 许多国家仍然存在着包办婚姻的习俗。
②There exist many factors influencing the children's future success. 有很多影响孩子未来成功的因素。
③No one knows when such a custom first came into existence. 没有人知道这种风俗什么时候开始有的。
【串记】How did the existing universe first come into existence? 现在的宇宙最初是怎么形成的？
257. expect /ɪkˈspekt/ vt. 预料；盼望，期待；认为
【拓展】
expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事
expect sth. of/from sb. 对某人期望某物
as expected 如预料/期待的那样
to be expected可能发生,相当正常
expectation n. 期待；预期；指望
【例句】You cannot expect him to do such a thing．你别期待他能做这样的事。
【串记】As expected, the expectation that her mother expected her to be a key university’s student has come true. 正如所料，她妈妈期望她成为重点大学学生的愿望实现了。
258.expense /ɪk'spens; ek-/ n. 消费；支出，费用；
代价(同cost)
【拓展】
at the expense of(at sb.’s expense)以……为代价，以……为牺牲，使遭受损失(麻烦)，牺牲
spare no expense不惜花费，不计代价
living(traveling)expenses生活费(旅费)
cut down on expenses缩减开支
at one’s own expense自费
free of expense免费
the public expense公费
expensive a. 昂贵的；花钱的(反inexpensive, cheap)
【例句】The inventor succeeded at the expense of his health. 这个发明家牺牲了自己的健康才获得成功。
【串记】The designer isat the expense of saving her living expenses to buy some expensive cosmetics. 这位设计师以牺牲生活费为代价来买了些很昂贵的化妆品。
259. experience /ɪkˈspɪərɪəns/ n. & v. [U] 经验，实践；[C]经历，体验；遭受
【拓展】
(1)experience in/of在……方面的经验
by/from experience 通过经验，从经验中
in/from one's experience 根据某人的经验看
(2)experienced adj. 有经验的；熟练的
be experienced in 在……方面有经验
【例句】① Our English teacher has twenty years' experience in teaching. 我们的英语老师有20年的教学经验。
② From/In my experience, there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often: ability, money, and time.根据我的经验看，人们不经常做饭主要有三个原因：能力、金钱和时间。
③At the mention of this, I can't help calling up what I experienced when I began my senior school. 提到这件事，我禁不住想到开始上高中时所经历的事情。
【串记】The experienced teachers always make their students experience different classes. 有经验的老师总会让他们的学生体验到别样的课堂。
260. explain /ɪk'spleɪn/ vt. 解释，说明
【拓展】
(1)explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释……
explain oneself说明自己的意思；为自己的行为辩解
(2)explanation n.解释；说明
in explanation of作为对……的解释或辩解
【例句】①What is your explanation for being late? 你对迟到有什么解释？
②Could you explain yourself a bit more? 你能再解释一下吗？
③Have you anything to say in explanation of your conduct? 你有什么要解释你的行为吗？
【点津】explain后不接双宾语，若语义上需要此类结构，可用explain sth. to sb. 结构。类似不接双宾语的动词还有：describe，say，report，announce，suggest，mention，express等。
【串记】Your teacher expects you to give a better explanation when you are explaining the exercise. 当你在解释这道题时，你的老师希望你做出更好的解释。
【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1.The hotel near the sea provides (entertain) for tourists.
2.All the travelers should live an (environment) friendly life.
3.The educator should have a positive (expect) of his or her students.
4.Every student wants to find an (experience) teacher to teach them.
5.An accident occurred at the (enter) to the post office.
6.Some foreign companies don’t treat men and women (equal).
7.You might as well give us a good (explain)for what you did.
8.Would you please explain this exercise ___ _ us clearly?
9.The arguer would call it an (exist) instead of a life.
10.Do your parents care about the (examine) result?
二、单句改错。
1. There is some evidences that little a small amount of alcohol is good for you.
2.After examined the evidence, I find the truth, as expected.
3.Our teacher suggests we could follow his example and start to memorize 20 words per day.
4.There are three students coming late. That is to say, there are two students who are late except Tom.
5.The pupil’s composition is quite good except some spelling mistakes.
6.Children are exciting on the eve of Christmas because they will get some gifts.
7.Our company imported an equipment from Britain, which we must learn how to operate.
8.The environment damage caused by the chemistry industry is becoming more and more severe .
9.The Chinese teacher often takes my essays for examples, which makes me very excited.
10. The new employee can be equallyto the job arranged by the employer.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. (毫无疑问)every pupil can pass the examination.
2. (令我兴奋的是), I found enough evidence.
3. You’d better (做出解释) why you don’t attend school these days.
4. (做早操) can make you full of energy all day.
5. Bill went on a trip to Europe (由...付费).
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1. 那个房间装修得很漂亮。即便如此，我也不愿意住在里面。（even so）
1.作为一名班主任，我有责任为学生树立好榜样。(set an example to)
2.自从我到这所学校来以后就一直待在这儿。(ever since)
3.我的侄儿总是为他的没完成作业找借口.(make an excuse)
4.由于缺乏经验，这位冒险者面试失败了。(lack of experience)
【答案】
一、语法填空。
1.entertainment 2. environmentally 3. expectation 4. experienced 5. entrance 6. equally 7. explanation 8. to 9. existence 10. examination
二、单句改错。
1.evidences→evidence 2. examined→ examining 3. could→should或去掉could 4. except →besides 5. 在except后面加for 6. exciting→excited 7.去掉an 8. environment →environmental 9. examples→example 10. equally→equal
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. Without exception 2. To my excitement 3. explain yourself 4. Doing morning exercises 5. at the company’s expense
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1.That room is well-decorated. Even so, I don’t want to live in it.
2. It’s my duty as a headmaster to set an example to the students.
3. I have been staying there ever since I came to this school.
4. My nephew is always making up an excuse for not finishing his homework.
5. The adventurer failed the interview because of lack of experience.
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