高中英语考纲3500词之核心词汇专项训练（26）
501. quit/kwɪt/ (quit/quitted, quit/quitted) v. 离开，停止，放弃(近desert, give up, abandon, stop)
【拓展】
quit doing...停止做……
quit hold of放弃
quit office/one’s job离职
quit school辍学
【例句】①Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people quit smoking.
医生正在做研究，以找出人们戒烟时身体会发生什么。
②The boy quitted school and found a job to support his family.那个男孩辍学了，找了份工作养家。
【串记】After the youth had quit school, he was addicted to drugs too deep to quit taking them. 退学后，这个年轻人陷入毒品太深而无法戒除。
502. raise/reɪz/ vt. 使升高，举/抬起(同lift)；提高，增加(同increase)；凑款(同collect)；养育(同bring up)；饲养(同keep,feed)
【拓展】
raise from 把…从…举起
raise oneself upon a tiptoe 踮起脚尖站着
raise to 把…举起到…
raise money/babies 筹集钱/抚养孩子
raise pulic awareness/questions/one’s voice 提高公众意识/声音/提出问题
【例句】What should we do to raise pulic awareness of protecting the environment? 我们要做些什么来提高公众的环保意识呢？
【串记】In order to raise money to raise their three children, the couple had to raise cattle in the hill. 为了筹钱养三个孩子，那对夫妇只好在山上养牛。
【辨析】rise/raise/arise
rise/raise 都有“上升，增长”之意。raise vt. (raised, raised)及物动词, 除了提高以外，还有其他很多意思。
rise vi. (rose, risen)生起；起立/床 arise vi (arose/arisen)产生，出现
503.range/reɪndʒ/ n. 一系列，多样性，范围，幅度；山脉；v. 包括，(在某个范围内)延伸
【拓展】
(1)in/within range (of sth.) 在射程以内；在……范围内
beyond/out of range (of sth.)在射程以外；在……范围外
a wide range of 大范围的；各种各样的
(2)range ... in rows 把……排成排
range from ... to .../between ... and ...
在……范围内变化；从……到……之间的各类事物
【例句】①Their jobs widely range from government officials and athletes to drivers, teachers, artists and so on.他们的工作多种多样，从政府官员和运动员到司机、教师、艺术家等等。
②In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.除了这些传统活动外，我们有更广的选择，诸如旅游和走亲访友。
【串记】There are a wide range of landscapes in Sichuan, ranging from mountain range, basin to plateau and so on. 四川地貌类型多样，有山脉、盆地、高原等。
504.rank /ræŋk/ n. 等级，级别，职衔，军衔；vt. 排列；把……分等；vi. 列队；列为
【拓展】
be in the first rank 是第一流的
fall into rank 排队，列队
give first rank to 把…放在第一位
keep rank 维持秩序
take rank of 在…之上
take rank with 和…并列，和…并肩
【例句】①He is in the first rank of university teachers.他是一流的大学教师。
②He can never take rank with the great writers.他绝不能与伟大的作家相提并论。
③He came up through the ranks to become a general.他行伍出身，最后成为将军。
【串记】At 50, the painter of the first rank was forced to join the ranks of the unemployed.那个曾经一流的画家50岁时被迫加入了失业行列。
505.rate/reɪt/ n. 比率；速度/率；价格；等级；v. 估价；评估；划分等级
【拓展】
at a good [terrible] rate 以相当[惊人]的速度
at any rate 无论如何，不管怎样
at the rate of 按…的比例；以…的速度
by no rate 决没有…
at this/that rate照此情形；如此下去
【例句】①We drove at a steady rate.我们以平稳的速度开车。
②He will get some valuable experience, at any rate.无论如何他会得到宝贵的经验。
③At this rate we won't be able to afford a holiday.照这样下去,我们就度不成假了。
【串记】At any rate, good development depends on the first-rate product and first-rate services. Only at this rate can a company rank first. 无论如何，良好的发展取决于一流的产品和一流的服务。只有如此下去，一家公司才能排名第一。
506.rather/'rɑːðə/ad. 相当；宁可；相反地，反而
【归纳】
(1)prefer to do sth.rather than do sth.would rather do sth. than do sth.
宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
had rather(than)宁愿……(而不愿)
would rather宁可，宁愿，与其不如……(不如)，不是……(而是)
would rather……(than……)宁愿……也不
(1)or rather更确切地说
rather than而不，不顾
other than 除……之外
more than 很，非常，超过，不仅仅是
【例句】①These reports give an outline rather than the details. 这些报告提供了一个大纲，而不是细节。
②We all use different methods, or rather a combination of methods. 我们都使用不同的方法，或者更确切地说，方法的组合。
③The form cannot be signed by anyone other than yourself. 除了您之外，其他人不能对表单进行签名。
④He would stay at home watching TV rather than go to the concert.
他宁愿在家看电视也不愿意去听音乐会。
【串记】Other than you, we would stay at home rather than go out. 除了你，我们宁愿呆在家里也不愿出去。
507.reach/riːtʃ/ v. 伸出，伸手/脚够；够到；到达；达 到/成；n. 范围
【拓展】
rereach an agreement/a decision/a goal 达成协议/决定/目
beyond / out of the reach of力所不及的
within easy reach of在……近处，从……易到之处
【例句】Who reached the destination first? 谁最先到达终点？
【串记】Ranking first in the match is out of my reach, So we made an agreement to work together to reach our goals and dreams. 在比赛中排名第一是不可能的，因此，我们达成协议，共同努力实现我们的目标和梦想。
508.react /rɪ'ækt/ v. (作出)反应；(化学)反应，产生不良反应
【拓展】
react against 反抗
react to 对…做出反应
react upon 对…起反应，作用于…
react with 同…起反应
reaction n. 反应，感应
in reaction to对……作出反应
reactor n．反应堆，反应器；引起反应的人或物
【例句】①Children sometimes react against the thing their parents believe in.孩子们有时反对他们的父母相信的事。
②How do you react to this modern artist's paintings.你对这位现代艺术家的绘画看法如何?
③Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.铁与水和空气起化学反应而生锈。
【串记】When we use metals, it is important to know
how they react with different substances. 当我们使用金属时，知道它们与不同的物质是如何反应的是很重要的。
509.ready /'redɪ/ a. 准备好的；现成是；乐/愿意的；易于……的
【拓展】
be/get ready for sth. 为某事准备
be/get ready to do sth. 准备做某事
get sth. ready 把某事准备好
get /be ready to do sth. 准备做某事；乐意做某事
readily ad. 容易地；乐意地
【例句】Are you ready for the challenge? 你准备好迎接挑战了吗?
【串记】We are ready to get everthing ready ahead of time. 我们准备提前把一切准备好。
510.real /riːl/ a. 实际的；真实的；实在的
【拓展】
(1)really ad. 实际上，事实上；真正地，真实地
(2)realise (美realize) vt. 认识到，实现
(3) reality n.[U]现实，真实；[C]事实，现实的事物
in reality事实上，实际上
come into reality(梦想)实现
become a reality成为现实
realistic adj.现实的；现实主义的
realization，realisation n．实现；了解，察觉，具体化；达成，认识到；认清
【例句】①She never had any real friends at school.在学校，她从来没有交过真正的朋友。
②Many a parent pins the hopes on the children to realise their unfilled ambitions.很多父母试图在他们的儿女身上实现他们的梦想。
③It seems as if he knew everything, but in reality, he is as stupid as can be.他似乎是个万事通,其实他是再愚蠢不过了。
【串记】In reality, it is really easy to realise our dream. 实际上，实现我们的梦想真的很容易。
511.reason /ˈrizən/ vi. 推/评理；劝说；n. 理由，原因
【拓展】
bring to reason 使明白道理，使服从道理
by reason of 凭…的理由，因为
come to reason 清醒过来
for some reason 由于某种原因
give reasons for 说明…的理由
lose one's reason 失去理性，发狂
out of all reason 不合理，不对头；不可理喻的
the reason why… is that… 的原因是……
reasonable a. 合理的，公道的；通情达理的
【例句】①I think the reason why you are always angry may be the high pressure of study.我认为你总是发火的原因或许是学习压力太大了。
②The reason (that/which) he explained at the meeting was that he didn't catch the first bus.他在会议上解释的理由是他没有赶上第一辆公共汽车。
③She gave no reasons for her decision. 她没有对她的决定作出任何解释。
【串记】The reason he gave why he wanted to quit his job is reasonable. 他给出的辞职理由是合理的。
【辨析】reason强调在逻辑推理上引导出结论的原因，借此说明产生某事的根由，并指出其所以然；cause着重指出导致某种结果的原因，其对应词是effect(结果)。
512.receive /rɪ'siv/ v. 收到，得到；接待/见
【拓展】
receiver n. 接收器，听筒，接待者
receipt n. 收到；收据；收入
on receipt of当收到，一经收到
reception n. 接待；接收；招待会；感受；反应
receptionist n. 接待员；传达员
【例句】What would you like to receive for your nextbirthday? 你想在你的下个生日收到什么？
【串记】The receptionistreceived a receipt at the reception. 接待会上，接待员收到了一张收据。
513.recognise /'rekəɡnaɪz/ (美recognize) vt. 认出，辨认出；意识到；承/公认
【拓展】
(1) recognise sb./one's voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
recognise ...as/to be ... 承认/认出……是……
be universally recognised as ...被公认为/承认是……
It is recognised that ... 人们意识到……
(2)recognition n. 认出；认识
out of/beyond recognition 认不出来
recognizable a. 可辨认的；可认识的；可承认的
514.recommend /rekə'mend/ v. 推荐；建议，劝告
【拓展】
(1)recommend sb. sb./sth.recommend sb./sth. to sb.向某人推荐某人/某物
recommend sb. as 推荐某人为……
(2)recommend sb. to do sth. 建议/劝某人做某事
recommend doing sth. 建议做某事
recommend that ... (should) ...建议……(应该)做……
It is/was recommended that ...(should) ...有人建议……
(3)recommendation n. 建议；推荐
【例句】①He recommends wearing safety equipment while inspecting the construction site. 他建议在检查施工现场时穿戴安全设备。
②The doctor recommended me to_change my way of life. 医生建议我改变我的生活方式。
③Doctors strongly recommend that fathers (should) be present at their baby's birth.医生极力建议孩子出生时父亲应该在场。
【串记】I recommended him to read more, and he accepted my recommendation. 我建议他多读书，他接受了我的建议。
515. record /ˈrekɔːd/ n. 记录/载；唱片；vt. 录下
【拓展】
(1)It is recorded that ...据记载……
(2)keep a record of 把……记录下来
break/set/hold a record 打破/创造/保持纪录
on record 记录在案的
make a record 录制唱片
recorder n. 录音机,记录器
【例句】①It is recorded that there have been a lot of earthquakes in this area. 据记载，这个地区已发生过多次地震。
②Keep a record of the mistakes you made — it will help you avoid making the same ones later. 把你犯的错误记录下来，这会让你避免以后犯同样的错误。
【串记】It is recorded that some athletes broke the world record, some set a new record, and others held the former record.
据记载，有些运动员打破了世界纪录，有的创造了新纪录，其他的保持了原有纪录。
516. recover /rɪ'kʌvə/ vi. & vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得
【拓展】
recover from 从…恢/康复
recover from one’s illness恢复健康，病后复原
recovery n. 恢/康复
【例句】He's still recovering from his operation.手术后，他仍在恢复之中。
【串记】Having just recovered from illness, the policewoman recovered her wor right away.警方最终追回了失窃的油画。
517. reduce /rɪ'djuːs/ vt. 减少，缩减(cut)
【拓展】
reduce ... to ...把……减少到……
reduce ... by ... 把……减少了……
be reduced to ... 沦落为……；陷入某种状态
reduction n. 减少；下降；缩小
【例句】①Though the price of the house has been reduced by 10%, we can't afford it either.
尽管房价下降了10%，我们还是买不起。
②The great fire reduced the forest to a few trees．大火将整片森林烧得只剩下三五棵树。
【串记】The number of employees was reduced from 40 to 25. 雇员人数从40人减少到了25人。
518. refer vi. 谈/提到，涉及；查阅，参考；指的是
【拓展】
(1) refer to指的是；提到；涉及；参考；查阅
refer ... to ...把……提交……处理
refer to ... as ... 把……称作……
(2)reference n. 提及；参考；查阅
in/with reference关于，与……有关
【例句】①Johnson referred to the discovery as a major breakthrough in medical science.约翰逊称这次发现是医学领域的一个重大突破。
②You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future reference.你最好记下那家餐馆的电话号码，以供以后查询。
【串记】The person referred to in the meeting is a referee. 会上提到的那个人是一位裁判员。
519. reflect/rɪ'flekt/ v. 反射；映出；反映/思，回想
【拓展】
(1)reflect on/upon 仔细考虑/沉思/反省……
be reflected in 被映照在……中；被反映在……
(2)reflection n. 反映，表现；倒影，影像；思考，反省
on/upon reflection 经过考虑后(改变看法)
a reflection of ……的反映
be lost in reflection陷入深思中
【例句】①You should set aside some time to reflect on your successes and failures. 你应该留出一些时间来思考你的成功和失败。
②Your choice of clothes is a reflection of your personality. 你对衣服的选择反映了你的个性。
③The trees on the shore line were reflected in the clear water. 岸上的树木被映在清澈的海水中。
【串记】The problem reflected in the job is worth reflecting. 工作中反映出的问题值得反思。
520. refuse /rɪ'fjuːz/ v. 拒/回绝，不愿
【拓展】
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
refusal n. 拒绝；驳回
【例句】I politely refused their invitation.我礼貌地回绝了他们的邀请。
【串记】He flatly refused to discuss the matter.His refusal angered his boss.他断然拒绝商讨这件事。他的拒绝激怒了他的上司。
【例句】①Please keep quiet while others are studying.在别人学习的时候,请保持安静。
②Leave me alone. I just want some peace and quiet.别理我,我只想安静一下。
【串记】He is a quiet boy. When the others are quarrelling, he remains quiet on this question.他是一个安静的男孩。当别人吵架时，他在这个问题上保持沉默。
【辨析】 quiet/calm/still/silent
这些形容词均含“平静的，无声无息”之意。quiet普通用词，指没有喧闹、活动或骚乱的寂静状态。calm普通用词，既可指天气、海洋等的平静状态，又可指人的镇定沉着、不慌乱，不受外界影响和情绪支配。silent普通用词，指缄默不语或无声无息。still指平静而又安定的状态。
【趁热打铁】
一、语法填空。
1.How about (quit) smoking, now that it does great harm to your health?
2.The university aims at (rank) first in the world.
3.He, rather than you, (be) responsible for the terrible accident happening on the high way.
4.My father, who injured badly in the accident, has made a full (recover) from the operation.
5.There has been some (reduce) in unemployment in the past two years.
6.His (refuse) to discuss the matter is very annoying.
7.Affected by the economic depression, my income reduced 10% last year.
8.The person (refer) to in the meeting is a famous professor.
9.I recommended (record) carefully what the teacher said in the class.
10.Alexander tried to get his work (recognise) in the medical circle.
二、单句改错。
1. It is high time that he quits his bad habits to begin a new life.
2. Theboth sides need to reach a agreement on this as soon as possible!
3. We are ready to meeting the challenge, no matter what happens.
4. It is real important to review what we have learned in class.
5. The reason which I would rather quit the chance is reasonable.
6. It is strongly recommended thatthe machines can be checked every year.
7. Whatmost people refer to simply "yoga" is actually Hatha Yoga.
8. I don’t know the reason why he gave for his being late.
9. The man referred to in the meeting refuse to react with the proposal.
10. The car is running on a rate of eighty kilometres an hour.
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1.You salary is (在…范围内) $25,000 to $30,000.
2. 照这速度下去), we shall soon be bankrupt.
3.He always (乐于帮助）his friends who are in trouble.
4.Today such books are (人人都买得起).
5.I (宁愿拒绝) his invitation without hesitaiton.
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1.我收到了一份贵重的礼物，但是我不能接受。（receive, accept）
2.我建议他查阅下参相关考书。（recommend that …(should) do sth. ）
3.他辞职的原因是想要出国深造。(the reason why… is that…)
4.八月的平均气温在28到32之间变化。(range from A to B)
5.许多年轻人还没有准备好抚养第二个孩子。(be ready to do)
【答案】
一、语法填空。
1. quitting 2. ranking 3. was 4. recovery 5. reduction 6. refusal 7. to 8. referred 9. recording 10. recognized
二、单句改错。
1.quit→quit/quitted 2. a→an 3. meeting→meet 4. real→really 5. that→why/that 6. can→should 7. 在to后加 as 8.why→that/which或去掉why 9. with→to 10. on→at
三、根据汉语提示完成句子，每空一词。
1. in the range of 2. At this rate 3. is; ready to help 4. within the reach of everyone 5. would rather refuse
四、根据括号的要求翻译句子。
1.I received an expensive gift, but I cannot accept it.
2.I recommended that he should refer to the related reference.
3.The reason why he quit his job was that he wanted to study further abroad.
4.The average temperature in August ranges from 28 to 32.
5.Many young people are not ready to raise a second child.
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