Legislative Updates | 法宝双语新闻（第21期）

【来源】北大法宝英文译本库

【责任编辑】姜莹；徐光平；李念慈

【声明】本文由北大法宝编写，转载请注明来源。

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1. 民企境外投资行为规范发布

由国家发展和改革委员会会同商务部、人民银行、外交部和全国工商联联合编制的《民营企业境外投资经营行为规范》于近日发布。

《行为规范》主要从五方面对民营企业境外投资经营活动进行引导和规范：一是完善经营管理体系。民营企业要建立健全境外投资决策、授权管理、财务管理等内部规章制度。二是依法合规诚信经营。民营企业及其境外分支机构要认真履行国内外相关手续，开展公平竞争，诚信经营。三是切实履行社会责任。鼓励民营企业在境外投资过程中热心公益事业，增进文化交流，树立服务社会的良好企业形象。四是注重资源环境保护。倡导民营企业提高资源节约、环境保护意识，遵守东道国环保法规，履行环保责任和相关法律义务。五是加强境外风险防控。民营企业要加强全面风险防控，建立健全应急处置机制，完善境外安全保障措施，做好安全事故处理。

1. Rules for Overseas Investment and Operations of Private Enterprises

Recently, the Rules for the Overseas Investment and Operations of Private Enterprises developed by the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) in conjunction with the Ministry of Commerce, the People's Bank of China, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce were issued.

The Rules guide and regulate the overseas investment and operations of private enterprises from five aspects: First, the business management system should be improved. Private enterprises should establish and improve their internal rules and regulations for overseas investment decision-making, authorization management, and financial management, among others. Second, their operations should comply with laws and regulations and the principle of good faith. Private enterprises and their overseas branches should seriously fulfill the relevant domestic and foreign formalities, carry out fair competition, and operate with integrity. Third, their social responsibility should be fulfilled effectively. Private enterprises are encouraged to play a positive role in public causes, promote cultural exchanges, and set up a good corporate image in serving the society in the process of their overseas investment. Fourth, particular attention should be paid to resources and environmental protection. Private enterprises should raise their awareness of resource conservation and environmental protection, comply with host country's environmental protection laws and regulations, and fulfill environmental protection responsibilities and related legal obligations. Fifth, the overseas risk protection and control should be enhanced. Private enterprises should strengthen their overall risk prevention and control, establish and improve emergency response mechanisms, improve overseas security guarantee measures, and effectively handle safety accidents.

2. 最高法发布医疗损害责任司法解释   

近日，最高人民法院发布了《最高人民法院关于审理医疗损害责任纠纷案适用法律若干问题的解释》。

《解释》共二十六条，分为适用范围、主体资格的确定、举证责任、鉴定程序、责任承担、附则等六部分。

《解释》明确了患者主张医疗机构承担赔偿责任的，应当提交到医疗机构就诊、受到损害的证据。无法提交医疗机构及其医务人员有过错、诊疗活动与损害之间具有因果关系的证据，依法提出医疗损害鉴定申请的，人民法院应予准许。

《解释》规定对于抢救生命垂危的患者等紧急情况，不能取得患者或者其近亲属意见的，医务人员经医疗机构负责人批准立即实施相应的医疗措施，患者因此请求医疗机构承担赔偿责任的，人民法院不予支持。

2. SPC Issues Judicial Interpretation on Medical Malpractice Damages

Recently, the Supreme People’s Court (SPC) issued the Interpretation on Several Issues concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of Medical Malpractice Damages Cases.

With a total of 26 articles, the Interpretation may be divided into six parts: the scope of application, eligibility as a party, burden of proof, identification procedures, liabilities, and supplemental provisions. 

The Interpretation specifies that a patient who claims damages from a medical institution should submit evidence of medical treatment and harm suffered in the medical institution. Where a patient unable to submit evidence of faults on the medical institution and its staff and causation between medical treatment and harm applies for medical malpractice identification according to the law, the people’s court should allow it. 

According to the Interpretation, in emergencies such as rescuing a dying patient where it is impossible to ask for the opinion of the patient or his or her relatives and medical staff immediately implement relevant medical measures with the approval of the principal of the medical institution, if the patient claims damages from the medical institution, the people’s court should not allow it.

3. 监察法草案二审稿发布

监察法草案近日提请全国人大常委会会议第二次审议。

监察法草案二审稿明确人大常委会听取审议监察委专项工作报告；进一步规范留置场所的设置管理；明确被调查人留置后应通知单位“和”家属；增加规定保障被调查人合法权利；拟设立专门机构强化监察委自我监督；加强对监察人员的监督和追责；强调监察委与检察院互相配合、互相制约。

3. The Second Draft of Supervision Law Issued

The Draft of the Supervision Law was recently submitted to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for deliberation for the second time.

According to the Second Draft of the Supervision Law, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress hears and deliberates the special work reports of the National Supervisory Commission; the management of establishment of detention sites is further regulated; the employer and family members of the subject of investigation should be notified after the subject of investigation is detained; the legal rights and interests of the subject of investigation should be protected; special bodies are to be established for the reinforcement of self-oversight of supervisory commissions; the oversight and accountability of supervisory personnel should be strengthened; and supervisory commissions and procuratorates should coordinate and check each other.

4. 中国拟立陪审员法

近日，《中华人民共和国人民陪审员法（草案）》初次提请全国人大常委会审议。

《草案》共30条，涉及关于人民陪审员选任、事实审和法律审区分、参审范围、退出和惩戒机制、履职保障等相关问题。《草案》称要合理界定人民陪审员参审案件的范围，既要让陪审制度在国家治理和司法体系中发挥应有作用，又要解决实践中长期存在的“陪而不审、审而不议”等问题。

4. China to Enact People’s Assessors Law

Recently, the Draft Law on People’s Assessors of the People's Republic of China was submitted to the Standing Committee of the People’s Congress for deliberation for the first time.

The Draft contains 30 articles, involving the selection and appointment of people’s assessors, the differentiation between a trial of the facts and a review of legal issues, the scope of trial participation, exit and punishment mechanisms, and the guarantee for their performance of duties, among others. According to the Draft, the scope of cases attended by people’s assessors should be rationally determined so that the assessors system could play a positive role in public governance and the judicial system and the long-standing problems in practice such as "mere presence of assessors or without a say in deliberation."

5. 《公共图书馆法》明年1月1日起施行

近日，全国人大常委会表决通过了《中华人民共和国公共图书馆法》。

该法共六章55条，是对公共文化服务保障法基本要求的专门化和具体化,对公共图书馆设立、运行、服务、法律责任等分别作了详细规定。

文化部将着力从四方面将法律中确立的公共图书馆各项制度落到实处：一是全面准确把握公共图书馆法的主要精神；二是深入开展学习宣传；三是推动贯彻实施；四是加强督导检查。

5. Law on Public Libraries Takes Effect on January 1, 2018

Recently, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress (NPC) passed the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Public Libraries.

With a total of 55 articles in six chapters, this Law is a special law detailing the basic requirements of the Public Cultural Service Guarantee Law of the People's Republic of China, covering the establishment, operation, and services of public libraries and legal liabilities, among others.

The Ministry of Culture (MOC) will implement the various rules established in the law for public libraries in four aspects: fully and accurately understanding the main spirit of this Law; conducting in-depth study and publicity; promoting implementation; and strengthening supervisory inspection.

6. 《企业年金办法》出台

人社部、财政部近日联合印发《企业年金办法》，自2018年2月1日起施行。

《办法》规定，企业缴费每年不超过本企业职工工资总额的8%，企业和职工个人缴费合计不超过本企业职工工资总额的12%。企业当期缴费计入职工企业年金个人账户的最高额不得超过平均额的5倍。职工或者退休人员死亡后，其企业年金个人账户余额可以继承。

《办法》规定，职工企业年金个人账户中企业缴费及其投资收益，企业可以与职工一方约定其自始归属于职工个人，也可以约定随着职工在本企业工作年限的增加逐步归属于职工个人，完全归属于职工个人的期限最长不超过8年，并明确了几种例外情形。

6. Measures for Enterprise Annuities Issued

Recently, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security and the Ministry of Finance (MOF) jointly issued the Measures for Enterprise Annuities, effective from February 1, 2018.

According to the Measures, the annual contribution by an enterprise should not exceed 8% of the total wages of employees of the enterprise, and the total contribution by the enterprise and its employees should not exceed 12% of the total wages of employees of the enterprise. The maximum amount transferred into the personal account of an employee under an enterprise annuity out of the enterprise’s contribution for the current period should not exceed five times the average. After an employee or retiree dies, the balance in his or her personal account under an enterprise annuity may be inherited. 

An enterprise may agree with its employee that the enterprise’s contribution transferred into its employees’ personal accounts under an enterprise annuity and investment returns belong to the employees from the beginning for a period not exceeding eight years, with several exceptions, or belong to the employees gradually based on the years of service at the enterprise.

7. 《企业境外投资管理办法》发布

近日，国家发展改革委发布《企业境外投资管理办法》，将于2018年3月1日起施行，《境外投资项目核准和备案管理办法》同步废止。

在便利企业境外投资方面，新办法推出了取消项目信息报告制度，取消地方初审、转报环节，放宽投资主体履行核准、备案手续的最晚时间要求。

在规范企业境外投资方面，新办法提出将境内企业和自然人通过其控制的境外企业开展的境外投资纳入管理框架，针对境外投资监管薄弱环节建立协同监管机制，完善惩戒措施建立境外投资违法违规行为记录。

在服务企业境外投资方面，新办法提出投资主体可以咨询政策和信息、反映情况和问题、提出意见和建议，并提出建立境外投资管理和服务网络系统。

7. Measures for the Administration of Overseas Investment of Enterprises Issued 

Recently, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) issued the Measures for the Administration of Overseas Investment of enterprises, effective from March 1, 2018, upon which the Measures for the Administration of the Confirmation and Recordation of Overseas Investment Projects will be repealed.

The new Measures remove the project information reporting system, cancel the local preliminary review and relay, relax the deadlines for investors to undergo confirmation or recordation formalities to facilitate overseas investment of enterprises.

The new Measures include overseas investment made by domestic enterprises and natural persons through overseas enterprises controlled by them in the administrative framework, set up a collaborative supervision and administration mechanism targeting weaknesses in overseas investment supervision and administration, improve punishment measures, and establish records of violations of laws and regulations in overseas investment to regulate overseas investment. 

As to overseas investment services for enterprises, the new Measures allow investors to consult the NDRC on overseas investment policies and for relevant information and report their concerns and problems and submit their opinions and recommendations to NDRC, and require the launch of an overseas investment management and service network system.

8. 《建筑市场信用管理暂行办法》发布

近日，住房和城乡建设部发布《建筑市场信用管理暂行办法》。

《办法》规定，县级以上住建部门按照“谁处罚、谁列入”原则，将存在违法违规情形的建筑市场各方主体列入建筑市场主体“黑名单”。各级住建部门应当将列入建筑市场主体“黑名单”和拖欠农民工工资“黑名单”的建筑市场各方主体作为重点监管对象，在市场准入、资质资格管理、招标投标等方面依法给予限制。

8. Interim Measures for Credit Management in Construction Market Issued 

Recently, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the Interim Measures for the Administration of Credit in the Construction Market.

According to the Measures, the housing and urban-rural development departments at and above the county level should list construction market participants that violate laws and regulations in the blacklists of construction market participants. Housing and urban-rural development departments at all levels should place those on the blacklists of construction market participants and the blacklists of delayed payment of wages to rural migrant workers under priority supervision, and legally set limitations on the market access, qualification management, and bidding, among others, of them.

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