今日俄罗斯RT副总编辑接受中国日报专访：西方制裁俄媒体实质是进行信息舆论战
俄乌危机开始后，西方政治宣传势力开足火力发起猛攻，一众媒体对此的报道和评论也铺天盖地、席卷而来。
这些西方媒体的报道整齐划一，只从单一视角出发进行报道，各家俄罗斯新闻媒体则在西方世界里被集体噤声，使得各国的读者和观众无法全面了解事态发展。
近日，“起底工作室”连线了今日俄罗斯的副总编辑安娜·贝尔金娜女士，一起来听听她对此的看法。
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Q: 请问您现在在哪里，您本人和今日俄罗斯的情况如何？
A: I'm calling to you from Moscow. Obviously, this is a rather challenging time for us, because it's obvious that right now there is a concerted effort to silence our voice.
我目前在莫斯科跟你们连线。毋庸置疑，目前的局势对我们来说颇具挑战性。因为很明显目前有多股力量合谋，试图阻止我们发声。
RT has been on the air for almost 17 years, and we have presence all around the world. And the reason is that we're obviously very strong competition to what we consider the mainstream media.
今日俄罗斯频道已经开播近17年，我们在全球各地都有记者进行报道，我们被禁言的原因也显而易见，即我们与西方主流媒体形成了激烈竞争。
We saw that there was a deficit of diversity of opinions and deficit of stories on the so called mainstream channels, particularly in Europe, in the United States. And we sought to complete that picture of the world for those audiences.
我们注意到，西方主流媒体在进行报道时缺乏不同观点的汇聚与呈现，未能全面讲述新闻故事，这一点在欧洲和美国尤为明显。我们想要通过自己的报道为全球受众填补这块认知空白。
Q: 我们注意到，欧盟已经对今日俄罗斯实施了制裁，其美国分部也面临关闭。苹果也已经把今日俄罗斯手机应用下架。所以目前今日俄罗斯面临的困境有哪些呢？
A: So basically, we are the victim of what is going on politically now. What we are seeing these governments doing is bringing entirely non-political actors like RT into this sphere and saying, because there is this conflict going on. Honestly, to us, it seems like what it does, it betrays the pretense under which they operated all these years.
可以说，我们是当下政治博弈的受害者。西方各国政府通过种种方式，以当下局势危机为借口，使得今日俄罗斯等非政治组织一并受到牵连。在我们看来，西方各国的种种做法出卖了他们这些年的虚假伪装，撕下了他们的遮羞布。
In the United States, we have been declared a foreign agent back in 2017. In France, when our channel launched, the journalists would not be allowed to attend any government events or press conferences. They would not receive accreditation. When our German channel launched, YouTube shut down, literally on the same day, the YouTube's stream equivalent of that channel. Immediately there began this concerted attack against us.
自2017年起，美国将今日俄罗斯定性为“外国政府代理机构”。而我们的法国频道自上线伊始，当地记者就不被允许参加任何政府活动或是记者发布会，也未能获得媒体资格认证。之前我们的德国频道上线时，YouTube在我们频道上线的当天就把我们的线上直播给封掉了。各方一起出动，合力围攻我们。
But there was always sort of a need for them to maintain at least a veneer of commitment to freedom of press, or freedom of speech, and so forth. So they could not outright ban us, because everybody would have accused them of censorship. Rightly so.
但是这些平台和组织又总是想要假模假样地展现出自己似乎还是在维护新闻自由和言论自由，所以他们不会公然说明封掉我们的原因，否则会引起公众的指责，说他们在进行新闻审查。不过事实的确就是如此。
Q: 您认为这些针对今日俄罗斯的制裁是由目前俄乌危机引发的吗？还是说这本身就是一场信息舆论战呢？
A: So it's obviously part of the information war, and I'd like to say that that's not the information war that we started.
显然这些制裁是这场信息舆论战的一部分。不过我还想说明一点的是，这场信息舆论战并不是我们挑起的。
Q: 这些禁令对你们有什么影响呢，你们在各国，比如美国分部的记者同事们，他们都还好吗？他们的人身安全会受到怎样的影响呢？
A: We are not fully shutdown. Even though there is a bit of a monopoly of American digital platforms in particular spaces, there are alternatives, Russian alternatives, Chinese alternatives.
目前我们的美国分部还没有完全封掉。尽管美国各大互联网平台在某些领域拥有垄断地位，不过除此之外，我们还会继续在俄罗斯以及中国等各国平台上继续发声。
▲ Photo/CNN
And we are going to keep working because we know that there is a real demand for an alternative perspective, because the world has long stopped believing just that very narrow, biased one sided depiction of the world by literally a handful of media from a handful of countries in the West.
我们会坚持不懈地持续报道，因为我们深知，全球民众都渴望看到不同角度的新闻和观点，全球民众早已不似从前，不会只听信来自少数西方国家的那几家媒体格局狭小、带有偏见的一面之词。
Q: 谢谢您今天跟我们分享一场信息舆论战背后的故事。您是如何看待美国等西方国家宣扬的“自由言论”呢？
A: Now, what we are seeing a lot in the criticisms that are leveled against us is the accusations that don't say what they're saying is factually false. They're saying this is a perspective that we cannot possibly allow in our space.
目前我们收到的各类针对我们的抨击和批评都是没有事实依据的指责。他们封我们账号的理由并不是因为我们的报道有事实性错误，他们就是不允许我们在这些平台上发表自己的观点看法。
And I think that is the biggest danger. We both work in the news media, and we understand how important it is to be committed to facts, and we always are.
我认为这才是最危险的地方，你我都在新闻媒体行业工作，我们都深知坚守事实的重要性，并且我们一直都是这么做的。
Q: 有英国政府官员将今日俄罗斯形容为“普京的肮脏宣传机器”。他们希望今日俄罗斯的节目永远不在英国播出。请问您是怎么看待这些言论的呢？您认为今日俄罗斯在撰写报道新闻时，是否享有编辑自由呢？
A: We have always had the editorial freedoms. For example, for French audience that had absolutely nothing to do with Moscow, or our American correspondents.
一直以来我们都拥有编辑自由。比如，我们的法国或美国分部在当地撰写发布的新闻和莫斯科没有任何关联。
▲ Photo credit to Sputnik/Vitaly Belousov
In these countries, people don't want to hear about what Moscow thinks about, whatever it might be. They don't have that much interest in the daily details of life in Russia. They really want to see the stories in their own countries that their own media is not covering.
这些国家的人们并不关心俄罗斯当局对于全球形势的看法。他们对于俄罗斯人民的日常生活也没有太多兴趣。他们真正想了解的是发生在自己国家但本国媒体没有报道的那些事件。
Q: 在西方势力控制的社交媒体平台上俄罗斯媒体被标记为“俄罗斯政府官方媒体”，但是美国政府资助的媒体机构却没有被贴上此类标签。您认为这背后是什么原因呢？
A: I know exactly which labels you're talking about. You have the BBC which is funded by the British taxpayers, labeled as, I believe, publicly financed, or public media, and then somebody like RT, funded by Russian taxpayers, labeled as state media.
我知道你指的是哪些标签。一方面，我们看到由英国纳税人资助的英国国家广播公司被标记为“公众资助媒体”或“公共媒体”。与此同时，由俄罗斯民众资助的今日俄罗斯等媒体却被认定为“官媒”。
I guess there are more dramatic actions against us. Different authorities waited for the pretext of the situation, the political situation that is going on right now. But really, the war against us started much earlier, including by the platforms and by various regulators, by various political bodies as well.
只能说这些针对我们的行动玩得越来越“花”了。尽管西方各国都在拿当下的政治局势作为禁言我们的借口。但其实针对我们的舆论战早就已经开始了，不仅西方社交媒体平台参与其中，西方各国监管机构以及众多政治机构也都在“出谋划策”。
Q: 这场舆论战从一开始就充斥着虚假信息，我们看到过经剪辑的虚假影像资料和不实报道。今日俄罗斯在面对这些虚假信息时是如何应对的呢？
A: So we have a lot of reporters on the ground, and we believe that the best way to counter disinformation is with true information. That's what we've been doing. We see that it really resonates with a lot of the audiences all around the world.
我们有许多身处一线的记者，我们坚信对抗虚假信息的最佳方式就是把真实情况传播出去，这也是我们一直在做的事，我们也看到我们的坚持和努力获得了全球各国受众的共鸣与认同。
出品人 王浩
监制 柯荣谊
统筹 何娜
制片人 黄恬恬 张少伟
记者 孟哲 徐潘依如
项目运营 周星佐 侯俊杰 商桢 高亚美
微信编辑 商桢
剪辑 温曼琪
撰稿 徐潘依如 欧文
实习生 李百加 方宁 朱雪儿
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