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美国作家携威士忌来拜会中国古代诗人,网友:异代知音?

CD君 CHINADAILY 2022-11-15
刚刚过去的中秋佳节,79岁的比尔波特在美国自家屋外观赏满月,他小酌着一杯威士忌,还朗诵了一句他翻译的中国古诗。

During the recent Mid-Autumn Festival, 79-year-old Bill Porter grabbed a glass of whiskey while enjoying the full moon, and recited an ancient Chinese poem outside his house in the United States.

美国作家、汉学家比尔波特。图源:搜狐网

“明月几时有,把酒问青天。” 波特吟诵的是中国宋代著名诗人苏轼《水调歌头》中的名句。

"How rare the moon, so round and clear! With cup in hand, I ask of the blue sky," Porter read the lines from Prelude to Water Melody, an ancient Chinese poem written by Su Shi, a famous poet of the Song Dynasty (960-1279).

图源:新华社

怀揣着对中国古诗深沉的热爱,波特在过去的数十年间英译了大约2000首中国古诗,并出版了一系列与中国古诗和哲学有关的书籍。

With a profound love for Chinese poetry, Porter has translated some 2,000 Chinese poems into English and published a series of books related to Chinese poetry and philosophy in the past decades.

“对我来说,中国古诗的美妙之处在于诗句通常很短,只有五个或七个汉字。就是因为诗作很短,所以意境朦胧,要读很多遍才能发现其深意,就像是一场冒险。”

"To me, the beauty about ancient Chinese poems is that the lines of poetry are usually short, with five or seven Chinese characters," he said. "Because they are short, they are ambiguous. You have to read it many times before you can discover its meaning. It's like an adventure."

ambiguous [æmˈbɪɡjuəs] adj.模棱两可的;含混不清的;不明确的

波特还与中国古代诗人结下了不解之缘(forge a close bond)

其中波特最喜欢的诗人之一是苏轼,一位以乐观、豁达的态度应对生活中挫折而闻名的诗人。他还喜欢东晋的陶渊明,一位追求自由、向往田园生活的诗人。

Among Porter's favorite poets were Su Shi, reputed for his optimism and open-mindedness in the face of life's setbacks, and Tao Yuanming, an Eastern Jin Dynasty (317-420) poet famous for his pursuit of free spirit and an idyllic lifestyle.

idyllic[ɪˈdɪlɪk] adj. 田园诗般的;平和美丽的

波特视中国诗人为挚友,他曾游遍中国,探访他们的故居、出生地和坟墓。他带来了几瓶波旁威士忌和黑麦威士忌,因为他知道许多诗人都是喜好饮酒。

Seeing the Chinese poets as his dear friends, Porter once traveled across China to visit their former residences, birthplaces and graves. He brought bottles of bourbon and rye whiskey with him, for he knew that many of the poets were drinkers.

bourbon [ˈbɜːbən]  n. 波旁威士忌酒
rye whiskey [raɪ ˈwɪski] 稞麦威士忌

从2012年开始,他开始寻访36位他所钦佩的中国古代诗人故址。一路上,69岁的波特沿着黄河、长江,寻访36位古代诗人的足迹。为此,他从孔子的故乡曲阜出发,到济南(李清照),往西安(白居易),经成都(杜甫、贾岛),赴湖北(孟浩然)、湖南(屈原),并一路走到南方,陶醉于陶渊明、谢灵运的山水之中,最后到达浙江天台山诗僧寒山隐居之地。

波特寻访古代诗人的足迹。图源:搜狐网

他将寻访故事浓缩成一部《寻人不遇——对中国古代诗人的朝圣之旅》Finding Them Gone —— Visiting China's Poets of the Past。这本书的封面是石头砌成的矮墙上放着三个小酒杯,比尔·波特说这三个酒杯是从北京报国寺的一个跳蚤市场买的,在这些 “异代知音”的坟前,比尔·波特忍不住以酒相奠。

《寻人不遇——对中国古代诗人的朝圣之旅》中英版本封面。图源:澎湃新闻

波特在书中忆起他去陕西西安寻访唐代诗人杜牧墓的经历——从西安沿雁引路向东南走,过了大兆街道不远就是司马村,司马村西村就长眠着诗人杜牧。比尔·波特驻足向村子里的老人问询杜牧墓具体的位置,老人沉默地带着他穿过砖混结构的房子,穿过豆角地、茄子地、玉米地、洋葱地,最后终于在地头上的一座大坑前面停下,这就是杜牧的墓地之前所在的地方。

“当我倒上威士忌吟诵着杜牧的诗(来祭奠)时,大约有七八个农民站在我身边。农民们也知道这些诗,他们和我一起吟诵起来。”

"About seven or eight farmers were standing around me when I was pouring whiskey and then reading Du's poems," Porter said. "The farmers also knew the poems and joined me chanting them."

比尔·波特也斟酒递给为他带路的老人, “老人喝了一口,然后瞪大了眼睛,又递了回来,接着抽他的烟,他和其他人说了一句话,然后大家都笑了起来。” 比尔·波特在书中写到。这样的情节描写非常有意思,比尔·波特每到一处,都少不了当地村民的帮助,诗人的躯骸已经化作历史尘埃,只能隔空祭奠,比尔与村民的交往则显得非常生动有趣。

正如波特在书的扉页所言,“我所拜访的诗人们的墓地彼此之间竟有那么大的区别。有的简陋,有的宏伟,有的已经变成了农人的耕地,而有的则变成了乡村垃圾场。但他们的诗歌却流传下来,在那些甚至没有什么文化的农人的明灭烟火里鲜活着。那些诗并不会专属于富商或者高官,诗歌可以超越财富和权力,它直入人心,甚至能让人达到一种忘我的境界。”

目前,波特正在翻译更多陶渊明的诗,其翻译作品《千家诗》Poems of the Masters即将在中国出版。

Currently, Porter is translating more poems by Tao Yuanming, and his translation work Poems of the Masters will be released in China soon.

比尔波特展示《千家诗》的最新版本。图源:新浪微博@比尔波特Bill Porter

波特说,在他的国家,人们对中国的语言和文化越来越感兴趣,他将继续努力向西方人介绍中国传统文化之美。

Porter said people in his country are becoming more interested in the Chinese language and culture, and he will continue working to introduce the beauty of the traditional Chinese culture to Westerners.

“中国传统文化就像一个宝箱,我想与他人分享我发现的宝藏。”

"The traditional Chinese culture is like a treasure chest," he said. "I would like to share the treasure I found with others." 

编辑:商桢
实习生:魏宁
来源:新华网 新华经济网 新华社 澎湃新闻 搜狐网

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