AIX6下安装oracle11G全纪录
1. 检查物理内存,swap空间以及tmp空间。
# /usr/sbin/lsattr –E –l sys0 –a realmem 检查内存 至少1G
# /usr/sbin/lsps -a 检查swap空间 (oracle建议如果物理内存在1~2G swap为1.5RAM,物理内存为2~8G swap=RAM;物理内存大于8G,swap=3/4RAM) --根据实际可做适当调整。
# df -g /tmp 看下tmp目录大小,oracle建议在150m~200m。(aix6.1默认为2g,所以足以,不用调整。)
增加 swap的方法 #chps –s hd6 2 增加2个512M
#chps –d hd6 2 减少2个512M 然后重启。
增加/tmp 方法:#smitty fs 增加大小。
2、检查安装所需要的包
# lslpp -l bos.adt.base bos.adt.lib bos.adt.libm bos.perf.perfstat bos.perf.libperfstat bos.perf.proctools
如果没有 smitty 安装 在AIX6.1第一张安装盘里。
在oracle安装的时候会提示有那几个包没有安装,xlC.aix50.rte 这个包没有找到就没有安装。
3. 创建用户以及组
#smit mkgroup 创建用户组 如:oinstall(创建2次,oinstall和dba2个组)
#smit mkuser 创建用户 如:oracle 选择属性分别为oinstall 和dba
useradd -m -g oracle
mkgroup -'A' id='400' users='oracle' oinstall
mkgroup -'A' id='401' users='shoracle' dba
usermod -g dba -G oinstall oracle
将oracle用户的的Soft FILE size、Soft CPU time、soft DATA segment和soft STACK size设为-1(备注:-1即为不限制)
另一种方式是直接 vi /etc/security/limits文件,在下面添加如下信息:
oracle:
fsize = -1
cpu=-1
data = -1
stack = -1
(limits文件一定要先改,才能传db软件到server,因为11g单个文件超过1G了)
设置oracle口令,如下:
# passwd oracle
4. 创建安装目录以及授权
# mkdir -p /u01/oracle/products/11.1/db
# chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/oracle/products
# chmod -R 775 /u01/oracle/products/
Chown -R oracle:dba /u01/oracle/products/11.1/db
chown -R oracle:dba /u01
chown -R oracle:dba /u01/oracle
chmod -R 775 /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01/oracle
另外:注意安装目录的空间大小 如:# df -g /opt
Enterprise Edition 安装至少需要3.82G (建议直接搞个10G 数据文件反正是存储上,^_^)
5. 设置环境变量
# cd /home/oracle
# vi .profile
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin
export PATH
unset USERNAME
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/products/
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/11.1/db
export ORACLE_TERM=xterm
export NLS_LANG NLS_LANG=american_america.zhs16cgb231280
export ORA_NLS33=$ORACLE_HOME/ocommon/nls/admin/data
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
export AIXTHREAD_SCOPE=S
umask 022
6. vi /etc/hosts
备注:可以先more一下,保证IP后面的主机名跟hostname后的主机名一致。
(这次因为这个问题,到最后db软件装好了,patch也打好了,最后建库居然报错,我日了,无语)
7. 解压db软件
# jar -xvf aix.*.zip
# jar -xvf p*.zip
8. 安装软件
本人是用xmangeer连的,操作如下:
以root登陆,然后 # xhost + ,接着su - oracle # DISPLAY=172.11.1.74:0.0;export DISPLAY (注意export是你本机的IP,不是server的IP),然后
# env|grep DISPLAY 看下是否OK。
最后开始安装
# ./runInstaller
以下参考oracle11g安装.pdf
在创建数据库到98%的时候会出现以下提示:
在AIX6.1下安装ORACLE11G,需要打的包基本和10G一致,而且AIX系统不需要更改内核参数。
前面的安装过程就省略了。
在使用DBCA建库后,到了98%时出现了如下错误:
1.根据提示使用emca命令进行手工配置dbconsole
$ emca -config dbcontrol db
STARTED EMCA at Nov 26, 2008 5:48:59 PM
EM Configuration Assistant, Version 11.1.0.5.0 Production
Copyright (c) 2003, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Enter the following information:
Database SID: orcl
Listener port number: 1521
Password for SYS user:
Password for DBSNMP user:
Password for SYSMAN user:
Password for SYSMAN user: Email address for notifications (optional):
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications (optional): @163.com
-----------------------------------------------------------------
You have specified the following settings
Database ORACLE_HOME ................ /oracle/oracle11g
Local hostname ................ A01
Listener port number ................ 1521
Database SID ................ orcl
Email address for notifications ...............
Outgoing Mail (SMTP) server for notifications ............... @163.com
-----------------------------------------------------------------
Do you wish to continue? [yes(Y)/no(N)]: yes
Nov 26, 2008 5:50:26 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMConfig perform
INFO: This operation is being logged at /oracle/cfgtoollogs/emca/orcl/emca_2008_11_26_17_48_59.log.
Nov 26, 2008 5:50:30 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig uploadConfigDataToRepository
INFO: Uploading configuration data to EM repository (this may take a while) ...
Nov 26, 2008 5:52:36 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMReposConfig invoke
INFO: Uploaded configuration data successfully
Nov 26, 2008 5:52:56 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil configureSoftwareLib
INFO: Software library configured successfully.
Nov 26, 2008 5:52:56 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig configureSoftwareLibrary
INFO: Deploying Provisioning archives ...
Nov 26, 2008 5:53:19 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig configureSoftwareLibrary
INFO: Provisioning archives deployed successfully.
Nov 26, 2008 5:53:20 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil secureDBConsole
INFO: Securing Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Nov 26, 2008 5:53:41 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil secureDBConsole
INFO: Database Control secured successfully.
Nov 26, 2008 5:53:41 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.util.DBControlUtil startOMS
INFO: Starting Database Control (this may take a while) ...
Nov 26, 2008 5:54:17 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: Database Control started successfully
Nov 26, 2008 5:54:17 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig performConfiguration
INFO: >>>>>>>>>>> The Database Control URL ishttps://A01:1158/em<<<<<<<<<<<
Nov 26, 2008 5:54:24 PM oracle.sysman.emcp.EMDBPostConfig invoke
WARNING:
************************ WARNING ************************
Management Repository has been placed in secure mode wherein Enterprise Manager data will be encrypted. The encryption key has been placed in the file: /oracle/oracle11g/A01_orcl/sysman/config/emkey.ora. Please ensure this file is backed up as the encrypted data will become unusable if this file is lost.
***********************************************************
Enterprise Manager configuration completed successfully
FINISHED EMCA at Nov 26, 2008 5:54:24 PM
这样就手工把em启动了
2.用如下命令检查em状态
$ emctl start dbconsole
Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control Release 11.1.0.6.0
Copyright (c) 1996, 2007 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.
https://A01:1158/em/console/aboutApplication
- An instance of Oracle Enterprise Manager 11g Database Control is already running.
发现em已经启动了。
这时候还有问题的话,按以下方法解决——
是时区设置的问题,metalink上有解决方法:
$export TZ=GMT-9
$cd $ORACLE_HOME/bin
$./emctl resetTZ agent
根据提示用sys/sysman执行相关语句
$emctl start dbconsole
方案:如果上述描述的错误所在栈可以被修复,则修复并继续运行;否则,请联系Oracle客服。当然,那是Oracle官方的解决办法。我曾经记得有个高手总结了关于ORA-00604/ORA-04031问题的解决:
修改INIT.ora
添加
_db_handles_cached = 0
并重新启动数据库。
vi pfiledssdata.ora
sqlplus /nolog
conn / as sysdba;
create spfile from pfile=’pfiledssdata.ora’;
修改最大游标数
alter system set open_cursors=1500 scope=both;
alter system set session_cached_cursors=1000 scope=spfile;
create pfile=’pfiledssdata2.ora’ from spfile;
shutdown immediate;
create spfile from pfile=’pfiledssdata2.ora’
startup;
show parameter open_cursors;
alter system set global_names=false scope=both;
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