SpringBoot + Redis + 注解 + 拦截器 实现接口幂等性校验
(给ImportNew加星标,提高Java技能)
转自:简书 作者:wangzaiplus
https://www.jianshu.com/p/6189275403ed
一、概念
比如:
订单接口, 不能多次创建订单 支付接口, 重复支付同一笔订单只能扣一次钱 支付宝回调接口, 可能会多次回调, 必须处理重复回调 普通表单提交接口, 因为网络超时等原因多次点击提交, 只能成功一次
等等
二、常见解决方案
唯一索引 -- 防止新增脏数据 token机制 -- 防止页面重复提交 悲观锁 -- 获取数据的时候加锁(锁表或锁行) 乐观锁 -- 基于版本号version实现, 在更新数据那一刻校验数据 分布式锁 -- redis(jedis、redisson)或zookeeper实现 状态机 -- 状态变更, 更新数据时判断状态
三、本文实现
四、实现思路
如果存在, 正常处理业务逻辑, 并从redis中删除此token, 那么, 如果是重复请求, 由于token已被删除, 则不能通过校验, 返回请勿重复操作提示 如果不存在, 说明参数不合法或者是重复请求, 返回提示即可
五、项目简介
springboot redis @ApiIdempotent注解 + 拦截器对请求进行拦截 @ControllerAdvice全局异常处理 压测工具: jmeter
本文重点介绍幂等性核心实现, 关于springboot如何集成redis、ServerResponse、ResponseCode等细枝末节不在本文讨论范围之内, 有兴趣的小伙伴可以查看我的Github项目: https://github.com/wangzaiplus/springboot/tree/wxw
六、代码实现
1.pom
<!-- Redis-Jedis --><dependency><groupId>redis.clients</groupId><artifactId>jedis</artifactId><version>2.9.0</version></dependency><!--lombok 本文用到@Slf4j注解, 也可不引用, 自定义log即可--><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.16.10</version></dependency>2.JedisUtil
package com.wangzaiplus.test.util;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;@Component@Slf4jpublic class JedisUtil { @Autowired private JedisPool jedisPool; private Jedis getJedis() { return jedisPool.getResource(); } /** * 设值 * * @param key * @param value * @return */ public String set(String key, String value) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = getJedis(); return jedis.set(key, value); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("set key:{} value:{} error", key, value, e); return null; } finally { close(jedis); } } /** * 设值 * * @param key * @param value * @param expireTime 过期时间, 单位: s * @return */ public String set(String key, String value, int expireTime) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = getJedis(); return jedis.setex(key, expireTime, value); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("set key:{} value:{} expireTime:{} error", key, value, expireTime, e); return null; } finally { close(jedis); } } /** * 取值 * * @param key * @return */ public String get(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = getJedis(); return jedis.get(key); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("get key:{} error", key, e); return null; } finally { close(jedis); } } /** * 删除key * * @param key * @return */ public Long del(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = getJedis(); return jedis.del(key.getBytes()); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("del key:{} error", key, e); return null; } finally { close(jedis); } } /** * 判断key是否存在 * * @param key * @return */ public Boolean exists(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = getJedis(); return jedis.exists(key.getBytes()); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("exists key:{} error", key, e); return null; } finally { close(jedis); } } /** * 设值key过期时间 * * @param key * @param expireTime 过期时间, 单位: s * @return */ public Long expire(String key, int expireTime) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = getJedis(); return jedis.expire(key.getBytes(), expireTime); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("expire key:{} error", key, e); return null; } finally { close(jedis); } } /** * 获取剩余时间 * * @param key * @return */ public Long ttl(String key) { Jedis jedis = null; try { jedis = getJedis(); return jedis.ttl(key); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("ttl key:{} error", key, e); return null; } finally { close(jedis); } } private void close(Jedis jedis) { if (null != jedis) { jedis.close(); } }}
package com.wangzaiplus.test.annotation;
import java.lang.annotation.ElementType;import java.lang.annotation.Retention;import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;import java.lang.annotation.Target;
/** * 在需要保证 接口幂等性 的Controller的方法上使用此注解 */@Target({ElementType.METHOD})@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)public @interface ApiIdempotent {}package com.wangzaiplus.test.interceptor;
import com.wangzaiplus.test.annotation.ApiIdempotent;import com.wangzaiplus.test.service.TokenService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.method.HandlerMethod;import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.lang.reflect.Method;
/** * 接口幂等性拦截器 */public class ApiIdempotentInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {
@Autowired private TokenService tokenService;
@Override public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) { if (!(handler instanceof HandlerMethod)) { return true; }
HandlerMethod handlerMethod = (HandlerMethod) handler; Method method = handlerMethod.getMethod();
ApiIdempotent methodAnnotation = method.getAnnotation(ApiIdempotent.class); if (methodAnnotation != null) { check(request);// 幂等性校验, 校验通过则放行, 校验失败则抛出异常, 并通过统一异常处理返回友好提示 }
return true; }
private void check(HttpServletRequest request) { tokenService.checkToken(request); }
@Override public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception { }
@Override public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Object o, Exception e) throws Exception { }}package com.wangzaiplus.test.service.impl;
import com.wangzaiplus.test.common.Constant;import com.wangzaiplus.test.common.ResponseCode;import com.wangzaiplus.test.common.ServerResponse;import com.wangzaiplus.test.exception.ServiceException;import com.wangzaiplus.test.service.TokenService;import com.wangzaiplus.test.util.JedisUtil;import com.wangzaiplus.test.util.RandomUtil;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;import org.apache.commons.lang3.text.StrBuilder;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
@Servicepublic class TokenServiceImpl implements TokenService {
private static final String TOKEN_NAME = "token";
@Autowired private JedisUtil jedisUtil;
@Override public ServerResponse createToken() { String str = RandomUtil.UUID32(); StrBuilder token = new StrBuilder(); token.append(Constant.Redis.TOKEN_PREFIX).append(str);
jedisUtil.set(token.toString(), token.toString(), Constant.Redis.EXPIRE_TIME_MINUTE);
return ServerResponse.success(token.toString()); }
@Override public void checkToken(HttpServletRequest request) { String token = request.getHeader(TOKEN_NAME); if (StringUtils.isBlank(token)) {// header中不存在token token = request.getParameter(TOKEN_NAME); if (StringUtils.isBlank(token)) {// parameter中也不存在token throw new ServiceException(ResponseCode.ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT.getMsg()); } }
if (!jedisUtil.exists(token)) { throw new ServiceException(ResponseCode.REPETITIVE_OPERATION.getMsg()); }
Long del = jedisUtil.del(token); if (del <= 0) { throw new ServiceException(ResponseCode.REPETITIVE_OPERATION.getMsg()); } }
}package com.wangzaiplus.test;
import com.wangzaiplus.test.interceptor.ApiIdempotentInterceptor;import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.web.cors.CorsConfiguration;import org.springframework.web.cors.UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource;import org.springframework.web.filter.CorsFilter;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.InterceptorRegistry;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter;
@SpringBootApplication@MapperScan("com.wangzaiplus.test.mapper")public class TestApplication extends WebMvcConfigurerAdapter {
public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args); }
/** * 跨域 * @return */ @Bean public CorsFilter corsFilter() { final UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource urlBasedCorsConfigurationSource = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource(); final CorsConfiguration corsConfiguration = new CorsConfiguration(); corsConfiguration.setAllowCredentials(true); corsConfiguration.addAllowedOrigin("*"); corsConfiguration.addAllowedHeader("*"); corsConfiguration.addAllowedMethod("*"); urlBasedCorsConfigurationSource.registerCorsConfiguration("/**", corsConfiguration); return new CorsFilter(urlBasedCorsConfigurationSource); }
@Override public void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) { // 接口幂等性拦截器 registry.addInterceptor(apiIdempotentInterceptor()); super.addInterceptors(registry); }
@Bean public ApiIdempotentInterceptor apiIdempotentInterceptor() { return new ApiIdempotentInterceptor(); }
}OK, 目前为止, 校验代码准备就绪, 接下来测试验证。
七、测试验证
1.获取token的控制器TokenController
package com.wangzaiplus.test.controller;
import com.wangzaiplus.test.common.ServerResponse;import com.wangzaiplus.test.service.TokenService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController@RequestMapping("/token")public class TokenController {
@Autowired private TokenService tokenService;
@GetMapping public ServerResponse token() { return tokenService.createToken(); }
}package com.wangzaiplus.test.controller;
import com.wangzaiplus.test.annotation.ApiIdempotent;import com.wangzaiplus.test.common.ServerResponse;import com.wangzaiplus.test.service.TestService;import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
@RestController@RequestMapping("/test")@Slf4jpublic class TestController {
@Autowired private TestService testService;
@ApiIdempotent @PostMapping("testIdempotence") public ServerResponse testIdempotence() { return testService.testIdempotence(); }}3.获取token
八、注意点(非常重要)
九、总结
看完本文有收获?请转发分享给更多人
关注「ImportNew」,提升Java技能
好文章,我在看❤️