五十年初携手同行：重新构想中国与联合国合力所能取得之成就
纽约曼哈顿东河之滨，联合国总部，当地时间1971年10月25日晚，这是一个载入外交史册的重要时刻。
76票赞成、35票反对、17票弃权，第二十六届联合国大会以压倒性多数通过2758号决议，决定恢复中华人民共和国在联合国的一切权利，承认中华人民共和国政府的代表是中国在联合国的唯一合法代表！
联合国驻华协调员常启德（Siddharth Chatterjee）日前特别发表署名文章，纪念新中国恢复联合国合法席位50周年！
© 联合国驻华协调员办公室图片 | 常启德
五十周年快乐
Happy 50th anniversary
中国是联合国创始会员国之一，也是1945年于旧金山第一个在《联合国宪章》上签字的国家。
China was one of the architects of the United Nations and was the first signatory of the UN Charter in San Francisco in 1945.
© 联合国图片/McCreary | 1945年4月26日，中国代表董必武用毛笔在《联合国宪章》上签字。美国旧金山退伍军人纪念堂
但直到1971年10月，乔冠华先生带领中国代表团出席联大，中国才恢复了在联合国的合法席位。那刻起，联合国有幸见证并协助中国迎来全球历史中社会经济发展最为迅猛的时期之一。
But it was only in October 1971, with the Chinese delegation led by Mr. Qiao Guanhua, that China's representation at the UN resumed. Since that time, the UN has had the great privilege of witnessing and supporting China in achieving one of the greatest periods of socio-economic progress in world history.
© 联合国图片 | 中华人民共和国代表团首次亮相联合国大会堂
如今，在中国重返联合国五十周年之际，我很荣幸于今年早些时候就任联合国驻华协调员一职。
Now, on the 50th anniversary of China in the UN, I am honored to serve as the UN Resident Coordinator, a post I took earlier this year.
我本人虽来华不久，才刚刚开启对中国五千多年瑰丽锦绣文明的了解，但联合国驻华系统却早已有幸成为了中国自改革开放以来深刻经济及社会变革的建设者和见证人。
While I am a recent arrival to China, only just beginning to understand its rich tapestry of over 5,000 years of civilization, the UN in China has had the privilege to shape and witness the profound economic and social transformations that have occurred since reform and opening-up.
© 联合国图片 | 联合国秘书长古特雷斯和中国国家主席习近平
值此纪念双方长达半个世纪的合作之际，一个问题自然浮现：联合国和中国现在应何去何从？
As we commemorate a half-century of cooperation, a question naturally emerges: Which way now for the UN and China?
当前，中国和世界均处在重要关口，这个问题至关重要。世界虽暂时摆脱了2019冠状病毒病疫情的阴霾，但许多国家仍在苦苦挣扎。与此同时我们面临着气候变化带来的威胁，包括创纪录的高温、火灾、风暴和其他灾害。实现可持续发展目标的“行动十年”正步入倒计时。
This is a weighty question, as China and the world are at a critical juncture. Tentatively emerging from the COVID-19 pandemic, but with many countries still struggling terribly. Staring down the threats of climate change, with record-setting heat, fires, storms, and other disasters. Counting down the years in this "Decade of Action" to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.
© 联合国图片 | 1972年8月13日，时任联合国秘书长库尔特·瓦尔德海姆应邀访问中国，在人民大会堂与中国总理周恩来等人合影
中国在过去数十年间所展现的领导力堪称典范，因此我坚信，在未来的岁月里，我们可以取得更大成就。
China's standard-setting leadership in past decades gives me confidence that we can achieve even greater things in the years to come.
中国创纪录的经济发展
China's record-breaking economic development
1978年，邓小平的改革开放政策使中国大地发生了翻天覆地的变化，其中一个典例便是深圳仅仅用了一代人的时间里，便从珠江三角洲的一个渔村成长为研究和创新的国际中心。
In 1978, Deng Xiaoping's reform and opening-up policy began to transform the nation, as evidenced, for example, in Shenzhen, which changed from a fishing village on the Pearl River Delta into an international hub for research and innovation in a single generation.
© Unsplash图片 | 深圳市南山区
1979年，中国接受联合国的发展援助，开始借鉴联合国在扶贫和工农业增长方面的长期经验。
And in 1979, China chose to accept development assistance from the UN, learning from its long experience in poverty alleviation and industrial and agricultural growth.
在此后的四十多年里，中国的成功不啻为一个奇迹。这期间，中国：
China's success in the more than 40 years since then has been nothing short of miraculous. During this time, China:
© 联合国粮农组织图片 | 1988年，江苏太湖的养殖户在喂食家禽
01
帮助7.5亿多人摆脱了绝对贫困。
Lifted over 750 million people out of absolute poverty.
02
投资公共卫生和教育，投资人力资本，从而构建了更幸福、更健康的劳动环境，促进了经济生产力的提高。
Invested in public health and education, investing in human capital thus making possible a happier and healthier workforce that contributed to economic productivity.
03
依托外商投资、资源密集型制造业、低成本的劳动力和出口的增长模式，成为“世界工厂”。
Became the world's manufacturing centre, based on a growth model of foreign investments, resource-intensive manufacturing, cheap labour, and exports.
04
人均国内生产总值（GDP）倍增，从1979年的180美元达到今日12,000美元。
Multiplied its per capita GDP from $180 in 1979 to an incredible $12,000 today.
发展成果不仅体现在统计数据上，也体现在日常生活质量上。如今，市场经济的影子在中国随处可见，国内外奢侈品牌的精致商店遍布全国。
The signs of this progress are evident not just in statistics, but in daily quality-of-life matters. Throughout China now lie the classic hallmarks of a market economy, with opulent shops from luxury brands, foreign and domestic.
© Unsplash图片 | 纽约唐人街
这与我小时候在印度加尔各答唐人街附近长大时看到的、令我至今都亲切怀念的景象大相径庭：写着汉字的招牌下，拥挤的街巷，菜市场狭窄的过道，老人们在公园里玩着棋牌游戏。
A far cry from what I saw as a young boy growing up near Chinatown in my native Kolkata, India, though fondly remembered as a warren of alleys, narrow aisles of food markets, elderly men playing board games in parks, with Chinese characters on the signs overhead.
上世纪80年代初的北京，大白菜往往是菜单上唯一的蔬菜。在联合国驻华发展机构的帮助下，市场供应得以扩大——丰富了中国国内蔬菜的品类，并从国外引进了西兰花等新品种。
For example, in Beijing during the early 1980s, cabbage was often the only vegetable on menus. With help from the UN's development agency in China, availability at markets expanded - supporting the diversification of domestic vegetables and introducing new ones from abroad, such as broccoli.
© 联合国粮农组织图片 | 20世纪80年代，在四川乐山，一场由联合国粮农组织与当地农业部门共同举办的秋大豆技术培训会正在举行
令人惊叹的成功仍在继续。预计到2025年，中国的人均GDP将增长一倍以上，购买力平价修正后将超过25,000美元。国际货币基金组织预测，经过四分之一个世纪的经济高速增长，到2025年，中国将在世界人均收入排名中上升56位。
This startling success is on track to continue. China's per capita GDP is projected to more than double by 2025, reaching over $25,000, adjusted for purchasing power. The country's surging economy is set to overtake 56 countries in the world's per-capita income rankings during the quarter-century through 2025, the International Monetary Fund projects.
权威人士如联合国可持续发展目标倡导者、哥伦比亚大学可持续发展中心主任杰弗里·萨克斯（Jeffrey Sachs）教授表示，中国在遏制疫情和消除贫困方面给世界带来“启示”。
No less an authority than Professor Jeffrey Sachs, a United Nations SDG Advocate and director of the Center for Sustainable Development at Columbia University, has called China an "inspiration" in stopping the pandemic and ending poverty.
© 联合国驻华协调员办公室图片 | 著名经济学家杰弗里·萨克斯出席由联合国驻华系统及亚投行主办的主题为“可持续发展目标行动十年与不断变化的全球格局”的对话活动
考虑到疫情对全球经济造成的冲击，中国取得的进展更为不凡。中国在这方面的慷慨和领导力值得赞扬。
This progress is all the more remarkable considering the hit that the pandemic has delivered to the global economy. China's generosity and leadership on this front are commendable.
在北京举行的第九届世界和平论坛上，中国外交部长王毅表示，要“加紧构筑抵御病毒的‘免疫长城’”。
China's Foreign Minister Wang Yi told the 9th World Peace Forum in Beijing "to build a 'Great Wall of Immunity' to battle the COVID-19 pandemic."
© 世界和平论坛图片 | 第九届世界和平论坛开幕式，中国国务委员兼外交部长王毅发表主旨演讲
然而，挑战依然存在。与处于这一发展阶段的所有经济体一样，对高增长的不懈追求已接近峰值，中国面临着新的经济、社会和环境挑战。
Still, challenges remain. As with any economy at this stage of development, the relentless pursuit of high growth is reaching its natural limits, and China faces new economic, social, and environmental challenges.
“2030年议程”
New priorities for agenda 2030 and beyond
若要在2030年前如期实现联合国可持续发展目标，我们就正处于最后的“行动十年”。在这个关键节点，我认为需要在三个领域紧密合作。
The UN Sustainable Development Goals are meant to be achieved by the year 2030, and we are now in what is called "the Decade of Action." I see three areas for close cooperation at this critical juncture.
© 联合国驻华协调员办公室图片
新的可持续发展模式
政府认识到经济增长放缓是“新常态”。不断变化的人口架构、劳动力和投资情况为中国解决粮食安全、普遍存在的不平等以及实现全民医疗的成本效益带来了新的挑战。
First, a new sustainable development model. The Government recognizes slower economic growth as the "new normal." Changing demographic, labour, and investment realities present China with new obstacles in addressing food security, pervasive inequalities, and cost-effectiveness in universal healthcare.
在后小康时代，中国需要接纳推动公平和包容性进步的创新和服务，着手处理快速扩张后的遗留问题，以实现可持续发展目标，不让任何人掉队。
In a post-Xiaokang society, China needs to embrace innovations and services that drive equitable and inclusive progress, dealing with the legacies of rapid expansion to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals and leave no one behind.
© 联合国妇女署图片 | 联合国妇女署驻华代表处在青海开设的项目受益人
气候变化
由于人口和经济基数巨大，中国是世界上最大的二氧化碳排放国，排放量占全球四分之一。在意识到这种发展模式的环境成本后，习近平主席为中国设定了一个雄心勃勃的目标，即力争2030年前实现碳达峰、2060年前实现碳中和。
Second, climate change. As a consequence of its large population and economy, China is the world's single largest emitter of carbon dioxide, responsible for a quarter of global emissions. Having recognized the environmental costs of this development model, President Xi Jinping has set a bold ambition for China to hit peak carbon emissions by 2030 and reach carbon neutrality by 2060.
© Unsplash图片 | 澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚州山火
要实现这一巨大成就，则需要转变中国的经济运作方式和人们的日常生活方式，投资和技术也需要转型。
This enormous feat will require a massive transition in how China's economy works and its population lives every day. Seismic shifts in investments and technologies will be needed.
多边主义
中国倡导通过多边努力应对全球挑战。中国有意愿、有知识、有资源为可持续发展目标做出巨大贡献，在国际社会担当“领头羊”的角色。
Third, multilateralism. China is a champion for multilateral efforts to address global challenges. China has the will, knowledge, and resources to contribute enormously to the Sustainable Development Goals and position itself as an exceptional member of the community of nations.
© Getty Image | 联合国日内瓦办事处万国宫
如今，中国是联合国第二大维和摊款国，也是派遣维和人员数量最多的联合国安理会常任理事国。中国也为促进实现可持续发展目标和《巴黎协定》共识发挥了重要作用。
Today, China is the second-largest contributor to the UN peacekeeping budget and has sent more peacekeepers to UN missions than any other permanent member of the Security Council. China also played a vital role in shaping the consensus needed for the SDGs and the Paris Agreement.
未来工作重点应放在扩大疫苗覆盖面、减免低收入国家的债务、为基础设施和气候行动提供可持续融资的倡议上。
Future efforts should emphasize initiatives that expand vaccine access, grant debt relief to lower-income countries, and provide sustainable financing for infrastructure and climate efforts.
中国与联合国
China and the United Nations
联合国驻华大家庭与中国的愿景保持一致。“2030议程”和最近商定的《合作框架》是在过去成果的基础上继续发展的蓝图。
The United Nations family in China is in lockstep with China's vision. The 2030 Agenda and the recently agreed-upon Country Framework are the blueprints for building on the gains of the past.
© 联合国图片 | 联合国可持续发展高级别政治论坛日前举办
在实现可持续发展目标的“行动十年”中，联合国可以为这一雄心提供支持，并本着南南合作的精神，汇集、联系和促进利益攸关方借鉴中国的发展经验造福其他国家，特别是非洲国家。
In this Decade of Action to achieve the SDGs, the UN can support this ambition and convene, connect and catalyze stakeholders in leveraging China's development experience to benefit other countries, especially those in Africa, in the spirit of South-South Cooperation.
面对疫情，联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯表示：“当我们努力应对（2019冠状病毒病）并从中恢复时，我们必须重新审视许多长期存在的假设，并重新考虑那些导致我们误入歧途的做法。我们还必须重新设想各国合作的方式。此次疫情凸显了加强和振兴多边主义的必要性。”
As the world deals with the pandemic, the UN Secretary-General António Guterres says, "As we strive to respond and recover, we must re-examine many longstanding assumptions and reconsider the approaches that have led us astray. We must also re-imagine the way nations cooperate. The pandemic has underscored the need for a strengthened and renewed multilateralism."
今年10月，联合国和中国将纪念五十周年历程。中国与联合国将重新构想未来、实践创新、增添活力，并继续挑起重担、投身日常工作，重新致力于为中国及世界人民创造持久的繁荣。
This October will also be time for the UN and China to celebrate our 50-year relationship. China and the UN will re-imagine, innovate, reinvigorate and continue the hard and daily work and dedicate ourselves anew to creating lasting prosperity for the people of China and all the world.
常启德于2020年12月受联合国秘书长任命，成为新任联合国驻华协调员。
常启德在国际合作、可持续发展、人道主义协调以及和平与安全领域拥有25年的工作经验，曾在联合国多家机构以及其他国际组织任职。他目前是联合国驻肯尼亚协调员，此前还曾先后担任联合国开发署和人口基金驻肯尼亚代表、联合国项目事务署中东和欧洲区域代表，以及联合国伊拉克援助团办公室主任。
他还曾在联合国儿童基金会印度尼西亚、索马里、南苏丹和苏丹办事处担任领导职务，并在联合国波斯尼亚和黑塞哥维那特派团工作。