Environmental Pollution：废弃养猪场遗留的抗生素抗性基因影响持续存在|研究

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中国农业科学院环境与可持续发展研究所李红娜副研究员团队调查了废弃与运作中养猪场附近土壤中的抗生素耐药基因的分布和传播状况，以及细菌群落分布状况。相关成果发表于Environmental Pollution（IF=5.714）。

来源：农业环境科学公号（2019年10月27日）

中国农业科学院环境与可持续发展研究所李红娜副研究员团队调查了废弃与运作中养猪场附近土壤中的抗生素耐药基因的分布和传播状况，以及细菌群落分布状况。相关成果发表于Environmental Pollution（IF=5.714）。

Highlights

•VAs could be detected in adjacent soil after swine feedlots was demolished for one year.

•ARGs were prevalent in soil near abandoned feedlots like the working ones.

•Abundance of ARGs was not significantly different between topsoil and subsoil soil.

•Co-occurrence of ARGs and bacteria was most intense in topsoil of working feedlots.

•Firmicutes were more enriched in soil near swine feedlots.

Abstract

Swine feedlots that have operated in the absence of adequate disposal facilities are being demolished under the new environmental protection policies in China. The environmental behavior and transmission risks of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) are unclear for these abandoned swine feedlots. We examined 40 soil samples that originated from the soils adjacent to two abandoned and two working swine feedlots to explore: 1) the distribution patterns and vertical transmission of 17 ARGs and two integron genes and 2) the bacterial community as well as their correlation with environmental factors and target genes. We found that seven and nine out of forty-eight subtypes of veterinary antimicrobials (VAs) were detected in the soil near abandoned feedlots and working feedlots, respectively. Three tet genes (tetM, tetO and tetW) were particularly enriched in the soil adjacent to both abandoned and working feedlots. The tetM gene was a “hub” on the network of the topsoil. The relative abundance of Firmicutes ranged from 2.5 to 9% in the soil near two Beijing feedlots and was significantly higher than that in the upstream blank control (CK soil) (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Overall, the ARG distribution patterns in the soils adjacent to abandoned swine feedlots were similar to the working feedlots. This study offers basic information on the prevalence and transmission risk of ARGs in abandoned swine feedlots and provides a reference for the restoration and reuse of demolished feedlots.

根据中国新的环境保护政策，缺乏相应处理设施的养猪场应当被拆除。这些废弃养猪场所残留的的抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的环境行为和传播风险尚不清楚。本试验调查了来源于两个废弃养猪场和两个正在运作的养猪场附近的40个土壤样本，以研究（1）17个ARGs和2个整合子基因的分布状况和垂直传播，以及（2）细菌群落及其与环境因子和靶基因的关系。研究发现，在48个兽医抗菌素亚型中，分别有7个和9个在废弃养猪场和运作中养猪场附近的土壤中被检测到。三种tet基因（tetM、tetO和tetW）在废弃和运作中养猪场附近的土壤中尤其丰富。tetM基因是表层土壤网络中的“枢纽”。北京两个养猪场附近土壤中厚壁菌门的相对丰度在2.5~9%，显著高于上游空白对照（ANOVA，p < 0.05）。研究结果表明，废弃养猪场附近土壤中ARGs的分布状况与运作中养猪场相似。本研究为了解废弃养猪场中ARGs的流行和传播风险提供了基础信息，为被拆除养猪场的恢复和再利用提供了参考。

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