Environmental Pollution：土壤中的微塑料污染综述|研究

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香港理工大学土木及环境工程学系Daniel C.W. Tsang团队全面综述了微塑料的来源、转化和在土壤环境中的分布，讨论了微塑料对土壤生物群的相互作用和影响，并重点介绍了微塑料检测和定量方法的最新进展。相关成果发表于Environmental Pollution（IF=5.714）。

来源：农业环境科学公号（2020年6月19日）

香港理工大学土木及环境工程学系Daniel C.W. Tsang团队全面综述了微塑料的来源、转化和在土壤环境中的分布，讨论了微塑料对土壤生物群的相互作用和影响，并重点介绍了微塑料检测和定量方法的最新进展。相关成果发表于Environmental Pollution（IF=5.714）。

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Highlights

•Microplastics are considered as emerging persistent pollutants.

•Approximately 32% of plastics produced are available in terrestrial environments.

•Annually, 4.8–12.7 Mt of terrestrial plastic wastes enter the ocean.

•Sources, fate, and ecological risks of microplastics in soils are elaborated.

•Extraction and characterization methods of microplastics in soils are emphasized.

Abstract

Microplastics (MPs) as emerging persistent pollutants have been a growing global concern. Although MPs are extensively studied in aquatic systems, their presence and fate in agricultural systems are not fully understood. In the agricultural soils, major causes of MPs pollution include application of biosolids and compost, wastewater irrigation, mulching film, polymer-based fertilizers and pesticides, and atmospheric deposition. The fate and dispersion of MPs in the soil environment are mainly associated with the soil characteristics, cultivation practices, and diversity of soil biota. Although there is emerging pollution of MPs in the soil environment, no standardized detection and quantification techniques are available. This study comprehensively reviews the sources, fate, and dispersion of MPs in the soil environment, discusses the interactions and effects of MPs on soil biota, and highlights the recent advancements in detection and quantification methods of MPs. The prospects for future research include biomagnification potency, cytotoxic effects on human/animals, nonlinear behavior in the soil environment, standardized analytical methods, best management practices, and global policies in the agricultural industry for the sake of sustainable development.

微塑料（MPs）作为一种新兴的持久性污染物已经成为全球日益关注的问题。尽管MPs在水生系统中得到了广泛的研究，但它们在农业系统中的存在和迁移转化还没有得到充分的了解。在农业土壤中，MPs污染的主要原因包括污泥和堆肥的使用、废水灌溉、地膜、聚合物基化肥和杀虫剂以及大气沉积。MPs在土壤环境中的转化和扩散主要与土壤特性、耕作方式和土壤生物多样性有关。虽然土壤环境中MPs正在出现污染，但目前还没有标准化的检测和定量技术。本研究全面综述了MPs的来源、转化和在土壤环境中的分布，讨论了MPs对土壤生物群的相互作用和影响，并重点介绍了MPs检测和定量方法的最新进展。对未来研究的展望包括生物放大效应、对人类/动物的细胞毒性效应、土壤环境中的非线性行为、标准化分析方法、最佳管理实践和农业可持续发展的全球政策。

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