“熊猫大使”四川大熊猫栖息地世界遗产地新三年计划开启
“熊猫大使”四川大熊猫栖息地世界遗产地新三年计划开启
(English version below)
©UNESCO
2017年至2021年，联合国教科文组织在《中国世界遗产保护和管理》项目三期框架下，在四川大熊猫栖息地雅安片区推动社区养蜂可持续生计，制定生态友好型蜜蜂养殖及蜂蜜生产的流程和标准，帮助当地建立了养蜂合作社并孵化了“仁娜斯巴”合作社蜂蜜品牌。2018年，项目将经验拓展至卧龙，依托合作社建设治理和社区参与蜜源植物监测的经验，研发了自然教育课程模块并面向当地小学和社区开展了13次试讲活动。
2021年，随着项目四期的启动，联合国教科文组织组织紧扣中国“十四五”规划中生态文明建设以及乡村振兴战略，与中山大学联合国教科文组织名录遗产地可持续旅游教席合作，将养蜂可持续生计试点活动升级为“熊猫大使”行动。“熊猫大使”倡议以四川大熊猫栖息地世界遗产地的核心价值之一“熊猫”为标志命名，吸引青少年的关注和参与，而“大使”象征着人与自然的联系。依托于四川大熊猫栖息地的自然和文化资源，在大熊猫国家公园建立的大背景下，这一行动有助于当地探索旅游转型、设立研学游的规范标准体系、推动遗产教育和研学游当地人才培养，促进当地社区生计多样化和可持续发展。
卧龙自然保护区的大熊猫©UNESCO
作为“熊猫大使”行动的第一步，2021年10月2日至6日，以“创意体验赋能遗产教育，多元生计促进持续发展”为主题的四川大熊猫栖息地可持续生计与遗产教育工作坊在卧龙举行。来自10所大学的31名学生（77%女性）参加。工作坊围绕“认识大熊猫栖息地”、“寻踪大熊猫栖息地”、“认识大熊猫”和“大熊猫栖息地保护与当地社区生计”四大主题单元，由中山大学及四川大熊猫保护基地、卧龙自然保护区管理局的相关专家为工作坊学员进行理论讲授和现场教学。在专家指导下学员们反复研究与讨论，为卧龙自然保护区设计了一套专业中英文解说词、一套创意自然教育教材、10套文创产品、一套研学课程、一套蜜蜂营销方案等指导当地发展的系列成果。基于工作坊的成果产出，项目面向养蜂合作社的7名当地村民（42%女性）举办了一期线上产品包装社区培训班。
工作坊全体成员在神树坪熊猫基地前合影© 中山大学
参加工作坊的学员参照项目三期下编写的蜜源植物手册鉴别遗产地蜜源植物 © 中山大学
工作坊全体学员正在学习养蜂知识 © 中山大学
以此为开端，“熊猫大使”行动将继续围绕遗产价值建构、社区能力建设、公众传播和拓展伙伴关系四个层面，更新遗产地解说体系，完成中小学遗产教育课程设计、为当地社区和就业者搭建文创产业渠道、培训研学旅游导师、传授电子商务、新媒体营销等内容，实现多元生计带动社区可持续发展。
Launch of “Panda Ambassador” three-year sustainable livelihood and heritage education activity in Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries World Heritage site
Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries, inscribed to the World Heritage List in 2006, cover 924,500 ha with 7 nature reserves and 9 scenic parks in the Qionglai and Jiajin Mountains, and span across 12 counties in 4 municipalities including Chengdu, Ya’an, Aba and Ganzi. The sanctuaries constitute the largest remaining contiguous habitat of the giant panda, and are home to more than 30% of the world's pandas which are classed as highly endangered (relabeled as vulnerable in 2016), as well as other globally endangered animals such as the red panda, the snow leopard and clouded leopard. They are among the botanically richest sites of any region in the world outside the tropical rainforests, with between 5,000 and 6,000 species of flora in over 1,000 genera.
From 2017 to 2021, within the project framework of “Conservation and Management of World Heritage Sites in China” Phase III, UNESCO implemented the beekeeping sustainable livelihood activity in Ya’an of Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries, developing a standard process for environmentally friendly bee keeping and honey production, supporting local communities in cooperative establishment and in registering trademark for cooperative-made honey products. In 2018, the project extended its pilot region to Wolong, developed heritage education modules based on project experience in cooperative governance and participatory monitoring of biodiversity, and organized 13 trial sessions targeting local primary school students and community members.
With the commencement of Phase IV of the project, UNESCO aligns its efforts with China’s strategic emphasis on eco-civilization and rural revitalization in the 14th Five-Year Plan, and upgrades the beekeeping sustainable livelihood pilot activity into the “Panda Ambassador” initiative in collaboration with the UNESCOC hair on Sustainable Tourism in UNESCO Designated Sites based in Sun Yat-sen University. This initiative highlights the iconic image of the giant pandaas one of the core values of the site, and draws attention and participation of especially young people. “Ambassador” also symbolizes the connection between human and nature. Utilizing the natural and cultural resources of Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries, in the context of the establishment of the Giant Panda National Park, this initiative seeks to facilitate the exploration of local tourism industry transformation, to set up guidelines / standards and to cultivate talents for heritage education, as well as to make community livelihoods more diverse and resilient.
As the first step of the “Panda Ambassador” initiative, from 2 to 6 October 2021, the workshop on sustainable livelihood and heritage education in Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries took place in Wolong. 31 university students (77% women) from over 10 universities participated in the workshop. The workshop covered theme of heritage value interpretation system, cultural creative industry incubation, study tour module development and talents training, bee raising sustainable livelihood, and heritage promotion, and combined both lectures and field investigation led by experts from Sun Yat-sen University and Wolong Natural Reserve Administration. As outputs of the workshop, the students produced a series of heritage interpretation script, a set of heritage education handbooks and modules, ten potential creative cultural products, and honey marketing strategies for beekeeping cooperatives. Mobilizing the outputs from the workshop, an online training on improving packaging was organized for 7 villagers (42% women).
In the coming years, the “Panda Ambassador” initiative will continue to focus on building a strong narrative of heritage values, building capacity of local communities and enhancing public communication, and will enhance the heritage interpretation system, develop aheritage education curriculum for local middle and primary school students, build networks for local communities and practitioners in the field of cultural and creative industries, build capacity of local residents in facilitating heritage education and in e-commerce and social media marketing, and enhance diverse, resilient and sustainable livelihoods for communities in and around the World Heritage site.