习特会面之龙的传人和最火外孙女
11月8日下午美国总统川普终于抵达北京，开始为期3天对中国的国事访问。虽然川普可能会遇到下面这个众所周知的问题，特朗普可能发不了推，但是整体来看心情还是非常不错的，而且非常重视这次访问。
特朗普离开韩国启程飞往中国前，就发了一条推特表达自己的期待之情。
“即将离开韩国启程前往中国，非常期待与习主席会面，并和习主席在一起。”
这次是特朗普今年初就任美国总统以来首次访华，也是中共十九大胜利闭幕后中方接待的第一起国事访问。除了全套国事活动，中方还将安排两国元首进行小范围、非正式互动。
Trade cooperation and the nuclear issue on the Korean Peninsula are among the key topics for Trump's discussions in Beijing.
特朗普访华的核心议题包括贸易合作和朝核问题等。
中美两国元首夫妇11月8日在故宫博物院宝蕴楼茶叙时，特朗普使用平板电脑向习近平夫妇展示外孙女阿拉贝拉用中文演唱歌曲、背《三字经》和古诗的视频。一时间，特朗普的外孙女成了全球最火的外孙女！
https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=b05026ifxas&width=500&height=375&auto=0
习近平夸奖阿拉贝拉中文水平进步，说可以打“A+”，表示她在中国已成为小明星，希望她也能有机会来中国。
在参观完故宫前三殿后，习近平向特朗普介绍了中国悠久的历史文化。他说，文化没有断过流、始终传承下来的只有中国。我们这些人也延续着黑头发、黄皮肤，我们叫龙的传人。
https://v.qq.com/txp/iframe/player.html?vid=s05022of2ng&width=500&height=375&auto=0
根据国际上通行的做法，外国国家元首、政府首脑和其他领导人出访他国时，依其不同性质，主要分为以下几类：
▌ 国事访问 State Visit
指一国国家元首应另一国国家元首(head of state)的邀请，对该国进行的正式外交访问，是两个国家间最高规格的外交交流。国事访问接待规格主要包括:
▷ 鸣放礼炮 21 响。
A 21-gun salute is fired in honor of the visiting head of state.
▷ 军乐队奏两国国歌，先奏到访元首国家国歌。
The playing of the two national anthems by a military band. The guest anthem is played first usually.
▷ 检阅仪仗队。
A review of military honor guards.
▷ 两国元首交换礼物。
An exchange of gifts between the two heads of state.
▷ 东道主举行国宴，款待到访国元首，尊其为贵宾。
State dinners, hosted by the hosting head of state, with the visiting head of state being the guest of honor.
▷ 到访国元首通常受邀对全体议员发表正式演讲。
Often the visiting head of state is invited to deliver a formal address to the assembled members of the legislature.
这次特朗普访华是 "STATE-VISIT-PLUS" EXPERIENCE “国事访问+”接待规格。
Apart from the red-carpet ceremony, formal talks and banquet, Chinese President Xi Jinping and his US counterpart will have some informal get-togethers, Chinese Vice-Foreign Minister Zheng Zeguang said.
中国外交部副部长郑泽光说，除了检阅仪仗队、正式会谈、举办国宴等之外，中国主席习近平和美国总统特朗普还将进行非正式互动。
Though the details of these informal arrangements have not been made public, Cui said that there will be "some special arrangements" for Trump and the first family to learn more about Chinese history, culture and people.
目前，这次非正式会晤的具体行程尚未公开，但崔天凯称，将会为特朗普和他的家人提供“一些特殊安排”，让他们有更多的机会了解中国的历史、文化，了解中国人民。
▌正式访问 Official Visit 指一国领导人应另一国领导人的正式邀请，对邀请国进行的访问，有时也可称 为友好访问(goodwill visit)或正式友好访问(official goodwill visit)。正式访问的礼宾规格与国事访问大体相同，主要的区别是在欢迎仪式 上的礼炮鸣放为 19 响。 ▌工作访问 Working Visit 规格低于国事访问。通常这类访问仅限于国家间内阁部长以下，无需正式邀请，其特点是时间短，不需要繁琐的仪式，领导人为磋商重大问题举行的会晤往往采用这种形式。 ▌非正式访问 Unofficial Visit 国家领导人以私人身份进行的访问称为私人访问(private visit)，途经某国所 进行的访问可称为“顺道访问”(stopover visit)，不便公开报道的访问则称为 秘密访问(highly confidential visit)。过境访问(transit visit)，一般发生 在飞行时间较长的访问途中。 此外，国家之间还会进行礼节性访问(courtesy/ceremonial visit)，并会对 他国的访问进行回访(return visit)，如果时间紧促则会开展短暂访问、闪电 式访问(brief visit/flying visit)。 以下是一些经常在外交口译中常用的术语词汇。 |
友好外交 friendship diplomacy
外交准则 diplomatic norms
外交惯例 diplomatic practice
外交特权 diplomatic privileges
外交活动 diplomatic activities
外交交涉 diplomatic representations
外交辞令 diplomatic parlance
外交使节 diplomaticenvoy
文化使节 cultural ambassador
大使馆／领事馆Embassy／Consulate
特派大使 ambassador extraordinary
特任大使 ambassador with special function
总领事 consul-general
外交人员 diplomatic personnel
外交豁免权 diplomatic privileges
(不)受欢迎的人 persona(non)grata
递交国书 present credentials
普通照会 verbal note
正式照会 formalnote
入境签证 entryvisa
过境签证 transit visa
召见 summon(somebody)
约见 make an appointment with
参见 pay one’s respects to
正式拜会 pay anofficial call upon…
礼节性拜会 courtesycall
应．…之邀 at the invitation of
公约 pact／convention
条约 treaty
议定书 protocol
会谈记要 minutes of meetings
最后通牒 ultimatum
最惠国 themost-favored nation
礼仪之邦 a nation of etiquette
坚持独立自主的和平外交政策
to adhere／stick to the independent foreign policyof peace
和平共处五项原则
the FivePrinciples of Peaceful Coexistence
互相尊重主权和领土完整
mutual respect forsovereignty and territorial integrity
互不侵犯 mutual non-aggression
互不干涉内政
non-interferencein each other’s internal affairs
平等互利、和平共处
equality andmutual benefit and peaceful coexistence
中国不参加军备竞赛,不搞军事扩张。
China will never participate in any arms race，nor will it engage in military expansion
中国坚决反对任何形式的霸权主义、强权政治和侵略扩张行为
China is firmlyopposed to hegemonism power politics and expansion in whatever form．
中国不以社会制度和意识形态的异同来决定国家关系的亲疏
China will not allow difference in social systems and ideology to affect state-to-staterelations。
在国际性和地区性问题上有许多共同之处
to have much incommon on international and regional issues
建立国际政治经济新秩序
to establish a new international political andeconomic order
严格遵守国际关系基本准则
to strictlyobserve the basic norms governinginternational relations
联合国宪章的宗旨和原则
the purposesand principles of the UN Charter
公认的国际关系基本准则
the acceptednorms of international relations
政治多元化和 经济自由化
politicalpluralism and economic liberalization
经济全球化是当今世界不可抗拒的发展潮流 Economic globalization has become an irreversible trend．
和平与发展仍然是当今世界的两大主题
Peace anddevelopment remain the two overriding issues of our time。
国际社会应树立以互信、互利、平等、协作为核心的新安全观
Theinternational community should adopt a new concept of international securitybased on mutual trust，reciprocalbenefit and equality． ”
营造长期稳定、安全、可靠的的国际和平环境
to create an international environment ofdurable peace , stability and security.
我们坚决谴责和反对一切形式的国际恐怖主义
We firmly condemn and oppose all forms of terrorism。国际恐怖主义已构成对世界和平与稳定的重大威胁
Internationalterrorism is a serious threat to world peace and stability．
“东突”恐怖分子 “East Turkistan”terrorists
加深了解，扩大共识,相互学习,共同前进
to deepenunderstanding, expand consensus and learn from each other so as to achieveprogress together
促进共同繁荣和发展
to promotecommon prosperity and development
用和平方式解决争端
to settle／resolve disputes by peaceful means
通过外交途径进行谈判
to negotiatethrough diplomatic channels
不结盟 non-alignment
不对抗 non-confrontation
不针对第三国 non-targeting at any third country
和睦相处
to live／coexist with each other in harmony
求同存异
seek common ground whilepreserving(reserving)differences
民族意识／国家尊严 nationalidentity／dignity
实行全方位的对外开放政策
carry out anall—dimensional opening up policy
承担作为一个发展中国家应承担的义务
ready toundertake the obligations as a developing country
享受应当享受的权利 enjoy the rights one deserves
发展睦邻友好关系
to developgood-neighborly friendship
促进南北对话 topromote North-south dialogue
发展南南合作 to enhance South-South cooperation
减轻债务负担 toreduce／cut back debtburdens
放宽技术转让条件
to reduce／ease restrictions on technology transfer
全面禁止和彻底销毁核武器
the completeprohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons
赞成不扩散各类大规模杀伤武器
to stand forthe non—proliferation of all weapons of mass destruction
全面禁止核、生、化武器
to ban comprehensivelynuclear，biologicaland chemical weapons
践踏／违反国际法和国际关系准则
to trample upon international law and thenorms of international relations
北约东扩 the eastward expansion of NATO
冷战思维 a Cold War mentality
人体炸弹 a suicide bomber
人权问题 thehuman rights issue
侵犯人权 violation of the human rights
流血事件 bloodshed／bloodyevent
侵犯别国主权
to infringeupon the sovereignty of other countries
以大欺小，以强凌弱
the bigbullying the Small and the strong oppressing the weak
奉行胡萝卜加大棒政策
to pursue acarrot-and-stick policy
建立／中断／断绝外交关系
to establish／suspend／severdiplomatic relations
向……提出强烈抗to lodge a strong protest with…
承担由此产生的一切后果to bear all the consequences arising／resulting fromit
无视中方的反对和照会
to disregardthe opposition and representations of the Chinese side
停止干涉中国内政的错误行为
to stop theerroneous action of interfering in the internal affairs of China
建立面向21世纪的建设性战略伙伴关系
to establish aconstructive strategic partnership oriented toward the 21st century
在中美三个联合公报的原则基础上发展两国关系 to develop bilateral relations on the basis ofthe principles set down in the three Sino-American joint communiques
处理好台湾问题是中美关系能否顺利发展的关键A propersettlement of the Taiwan issue holds the key to a smooth development ofChina-US relations
中日邦交正常化
the normalizationof relations between China and Japan
一衣带水的友好邻邦
friendlyneighbors separated by only a strip of water
以史为鉴，面向未来
to use historyas a guide and mirror and look forward to the future
否认和歪曲历史的事件
incidents ofdenying and distorting history
以平等、互信为基础的中俄战略合作伙伴关系 the Sino-Russian strategic cooperative partnership based on equality and mutualtrust
两国高层领导互访和定期会晤机制
the exchange ofhigh-level visits and the mechanism of regular meetings between the twocountries
建立上海合作组织
to establishthe Shanghai Cooperation Organization
中欧之间没有直接的利害冲突,存在广泛的共同利益
China andEurope share many common interests．There are no direct conflicts of interestbetween them．
文章来源：译匠