考研英语阅读逐篇分类分条整理
今天把世纪高教在线英语名师李云老师发布在微博上05-09年全部短语【分篇】、【分类】整理出来了，并做了PDF版本，可直接打印，希望对大家有帮助。
2005 年
1.a sense of fairness公平意识
2.resent unfairness愤恨不公平
3.induce resentment in sb引起某人的愤慨
4.feelings of righteous indignation义愤感
5.be outraged by sth被激怒
6.a finely developed sense of grievance高度发达的不满意识
7.develop social emotions产生社会情感
8.be jealous of sb忌妒某人
9.good-natured, co-operative creatures性格温顺、乐意合作的物种
10.a cooperative, group-living species一个合作、群居的物种
11.nice in both appearance and temperament外表和性情都很好
12.slack rivals 懒散的对手
13.a reputation for slacking懒散的名声
14.be attentive to instructions 注意听从指令
15.pay close attention to sth 密切关注
16.share food readily乐意分享食物
17.prefer A to B比起A 更喜欢B
18.A is preferable to B A比B更受欢迎
19.be inclined to do sth 倾向于做某事
20.all too human人之常情
21.the opening/introductory/first paragraph开篇段
22.the closing/concluding/last paragraph 结尾段
23.pose a contrast进行对比
24.make a comparison进行比较
25.justify an assumption证明一个假设
26.an underlying assumption一个潜藏的假设
27.explain a phenomenon解释一个现象
28.an unanswered question 一个尚未解答的问题
29.a fat pay rise丰厚的加薪
30.a piece of rock一块石头
31.a slice/piece of cucumber一片黄瓜
32.luxury goods 奢侈品
33.exchange A for B 用A去换B
34.in exchange for sth 换取某物
35.toss sth at sb 向某人扔某物
36.markedly different完全不同
37.abundantly clear非常明白，十分清楚
38.separate but adjoining chambers独立但相邻的房间
39.stem/evolve from 来自，源自
40.an uncertain source 不确定的来源
41.common ancestor共同的祖先
42.male companions男性同伴
1.global warming全球变暖
2.pour fumes into the air将废气排放到空气中
3.build power plants建造发电厂
4.meet our energy needs满足我们的能源需求
5.responsible stewards of the planet地球负责任的管理员
6.raise public awareness of conservation提高公众环保意识
7.future consequences of present actions当前行为对未来的影响
8.awaken sb to sth使某人意识到某事
9.turn from bad to worse变得越来越糟
10.upsetting parallels令人担忧的相似事件
11.the Trump Administration 特朗普政府
12.fashion conservation measures制定环保措施
13.take legislative initiative/measures采取立法动议/措施
14.offer financial incentives提供经济奖励
15.take out an insurance policy申领保单，投保
16.antismoking lobby反对吸烟的游说
17.scientific evidence科学证据
18.inconclusive evidence不确凿的证据
19.know sth for sure确定知道某事
20.talk nonsense胡言乱语，胡说八道
21.buy a nonsense听信假话
22.enlist a panel召集专家组，寻求专家组支持
23.extensive research大量研究
24.an insignificant number微乎其微的数字
25.associates…with… 将……和……联系起来
26.the correlation between A and B A和B的相关性
27.the preface to a report一篇报告的前言
28.a classic case 一个经典案例
29.paralysis by analysis分析导致瘫痪
30.careful investigation reveals truth细致调查揭示真相
31.prudent planning hinders progress谨慎计划阻碍进步
32.be out to do sth试图做某事
33.get moving to do sth 行动起来做某事
34.take sth seriously严肃认真对待某事
35.press for sth不断要求，敦促
36.press forward on sth继续推进
37.in one wave after another一批又一批
38.come from many quarters来自四面八方
39.a promising start一个有前景的开端
40.serve/act as 担任（角色）
41.stay out of the way不碍事，躲开
42.go to early graves过早死去
43.suffer from negligence受到忽视
44.be applicable to sth适用于
45.base A on B 将A建立在B上
1.emotional changes 情绪变化
2.regulate moods/emotion调节情绪
3.in a panic惊恐，恐慌
4.feelings of insecurity不安全感
5.generate negative feelings产生负面情绪
6.innermost desires and fears内心深处的欲望和恐惧
7.be susceptible to sth易受……影响的
8.be vulnerable to sth易受……影响的
9.mental noise精神噪音
10.intensely powerful mental events剧烈的精神活动
11.neural-repair work神经修复工作
12.logic is suspended逻辑暂停
13.the center of intellect and reasoning思维和推理中心
14.a leading authority最重要的权威人士
15.formulate a revolutionary theory提出一个革命性理论
16.come to believe逐渐开始认为
17.brain imaging大脑成像
18.the random outcome/byproducts随机产物/副产品
19.recurring bad dreams反复出现的噩梦
20.suffer from persistent nightmares遭受持续的噩梦
21.keep us from sleeping使某人无法入睡
22.seek help from a therapist向医生寻求帮助
23.lead your life as usual正常生活
24.natural progression自然进程
25.the relation of A to B A和B的关系
26.the link between A and B A和B的关联
27.a disguised shadow被掩盖的影子
28.switch to sth转变为……
29.modify sth in the course在进程中改变某事
30.out of control不受控制
31.within control 可以控制
32.bring sth under conscious control 有意识地控制某物
33.exercise conscious control over sth有意识地控制某物
34.work through解决（困难）
35.refer to指出，谈到
36.be occupied with sth忙于某事
37.rid sb of sth=get rid of清除，丢弃
38.be left to sth由……来决定
39.at the end of the day说到底，说白了
1.the decline of formal English正式英语的退化
2.the degradation of language语言的退化
3.command the English language掌握英语
4.non-standard varieties of human language人类语言的非标准变体
5.talk proper正确地说话
6.think straight清楚地思考
7.logical thinking符合逻辑的思考
8.elaborate speech精心准备演讲
9.seek an elevated tone寻求高雅的腔调
10.spontaneity triumphs over craft即兴胜过雕琢
11.convey complex ideas传达复杂的思想
12.put pen to paper下笔写作
13.the most well regarded writing最受好评的文章
14.carry…in one’s head=bear…in one’s mind 记住，背诵
15.large chunks of poetry大段背诵的诗歌
16.academic speciality学术特长
17.the modestly educated接受过一般教育的人
18.aspire to a scientific career 立志从事科学事业
19.radical education reforms彻底的教育改革
20.performative genres富有表现力的类型
21.high and low culture高雅与低俗文化
22.grieve over sth对……哀伤
23.the cult of the authentic追求真实的狂热
24.the permissive 1960s 放纵的60年代
25.contempt the old-fashionedness鄙视过时
26.appreciate one’s efforts欣赏某人的努力
27.cause a controversy over sth引起对某事的争议
28.A is no more regrettable than B A和B都不值得遗憾
29.mixed liberal and conservative views自由和保守观点兼而有之
30.public figures公众人物
31.spell the death of sth导致……的灭亡
32.be related to sth与……有关联
33.to document a trend记录一个趋势
34.an entertaining array of examples 一系列有趣的例子
35.illustrate a trend with examples用例子阐明一个趋势
2006 年
1.foreign-born immigrants外国出生的移民
2.native-born Americans本土出生的美国人
3.homogenize people将人们同化
4.assimilative power同化力
5.indices of assimilation同化指标
6.be resistant to assimilation拒斥同化
7.fit into a culture 融入一种文化（被同化）
8.be absorbed into a culture被某种文化同化
9.popular/common culture大众文化
10.a public and democratic act一种大众、平等的行为
11.democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse着装和言语上大众化的一致
12.exert a great influence on sth对……产生巨大影响
13.remain immune to sth 不受……影响
14.countries of origin原籍国
15.original language原籍语言
16.be proficient in English英语流利
17.a “graveyard” for languages语言的“墓地”
18.department stores百货商店
19.intimate shops精品店
20.vast arrays of goods琳琅满目的商品
21.in an elegant atmosphere在优雅的环境中
22.cater to a knowledgeable elite迎合知识精英
23.satisfy one’s needs满足某人的需求
24.a culture of consumption消费文化
25.home ownership rate住房拥有率
26.mass media大众媒体
27.America's turbulent past美国动荡不安的过去
28.divisive issues有分歧的问题，分裂事件
29.pockets of seething anger小范围涌动的怒火
30.a dark and deteriorating social environment黑暗恶化的社会环境
31.children in remote villages偏远农村的儿童
32.ten years of residence居住十年
33.prior to sth在…之前
34.the description of A as B 将A描述为B
35.view A against B 将..….和..….进行比较
36.turn A into B将……转变为……
37.owe A to B将……归因于……
38.an amazing machine一台神奇的机器
39.absence of deference不拘礼节
1.earn one’s living谋生，维持生活
2.live off sb/sth依靠……为生
3.cry poor哭穷
4.costs rocket成本飙升
5.raise prices涨价
6.add a penny to revenue增加一点收入
7.deserve subsidy理应获得补贴
8.cover the spending支付开支
9.financially ill-managed财务管理不善
10.pour cash into sth 大量花钱在某事上
11.expansion projects扩建项目
12.on and off stage台上台下
13.present superb productions of the plays上演精彩绝伦的剧目
14.break attendance records打破上座记录
15.standing-room tickets 站票
16.the box office售票厅
17.tourist streams（旅游）客流
18.take in sights参观景点
19.bed down on the flagstones 临时睡在石板上
20.on good terms关系融洽，友好相处
21.be supportive of sb支持某人
22.take a detached attitude持公正中立的态度
23.be sympathetic to sb同情某人
24.dedicated faces专注的表情
25.attractive clientele有吸引力的顾客群
26.deliciously ironic极其讽刺的
27.all year long一整年
28.in a row连续
29.on the side顺道；在正事之外
30.do one’s share of sth尽自己义务，承担自己的一份责任
31.by nightfall在夜幕降临前
32.local council地方（管理）部门，市政机构
33.distinctly separate泾渭分明的
1.prehistoric man史前人类
2.living biological matter生物
3.fish species鱼类
4.large predators大型食肉动物
5.original amount原始数量
6.marine/ocean biomass海洋生物量
7.catch sizes in a fishery渔场的捕捞量
8.estimate the actual biomass估算真实的生物量
9.an underestimate of fish stocks低估了渔量
10.conservative figures 保守的数据
11.crop maximum sustainable yield收获最大的可持续产量
12.a high proportion 高比例
13.suffer a great loss遭受巨大损失
14.detect massive changes察觉到巨大的变化
15.well below a standard远远低于某个标准
16.trap fish捕鱼
17.fishing technology捕鱼技术
18.technological application技术应用
19.find a prey找到猎物
20.easy game容易猎捕的猎物
21.be hunted to extinction被猎杀灭绝
22.long-fished areas长期捕捞区域
23.baited hooks带饵鱼钩
24.longline fishing多钩长线捕鱼
25.fishery exploitation渔场开发
26.shifting baseline变化的基线
27.management efforts/efficiency管理活动/效率
28.over time随着时间的迁移，渐渐地
29.look back into the past回顾过去
30.be vulnerable to sth=be susceptible to sth 易受……伤害的
31.be concerned about/with sth关注，关切
32.be saturated with sth充满……
33.take… into account 将……考虑在内
34.adjust…to… 调整……以适应
1.explore emotions探究情感
2.be expressive of joy表达快乐
3.depict happiness描绘幸福
4.be skeptical of sth质疑某事
5.reminders of misery令人想起痛苦的事
6.live with sth忍受，接受
7.feel disappointed at the realities对现实感到失望
8.positive and negative feelings积极和消极情绪
9.create an illusion of happiness制造幸福的假象
10.distasteful but refreshing art 令人不悦却又使人清醒的艺术
11.early/modern times早期/当前时代
12.people in earlier eras早期的人们
13.from…onward从……开始
14.perpetual war连绵的战争
15.massacre of innocents滥杀无辜
16.work until exhausted工作到筋疲力尽
17.live with few protections生活鲜有保障
18.heart attacks心脏病
19.a breath of fresh air一缕清新的空气
20.be surrounded by/with sth 被……包围
21.mass communication and literacy大众交流和识字
22.emergence of mass media大众媒体的出现
23.the rise of anti-happy art 反快乐艺术的兴起
24.news anchors新闻主播
25.text messengers短信发送者
26.focus of interest关注点
27.the general public大众
28.beaming celebrities光彩照人的明星
29.cover disasters and deaths报道灾难和死亡
30.grow out of sth来自，源于
31.come/emerge in the wake of sth 随……之后而来
32.cite an example援引例子
33.given all this鉴于此
34.function as sth起……作用
35.carry a potential具有某种可能性
36.it's not as if… 不大像是……，并非……
37.more often than not通常
38.be suited for sth适合做某事
39.focus on=concentrate on=center on 关注，专注
40.be dedicated to sth致力于，专注于
41.be inclined to do sth倾向于做某事
42.depend on sb doing sth指望某人做某事
43.lure us to do sth引诱某人做某事
2007 年
1.expert performance优异表现
expert =specialist 专家
expert=excellent=outstanding=elite=extraordinary= superior 卓越的，优秀的
Diligence makes expert performance. 勤奋造就卓越。
2.expert performer表现优异者=top performer=high achiever
perform brain surgery 做脑部手术
3.elite soccer players优秀的足球运动员
cater to knowledgeable elite迎合知识精英
learned professor 学识渊博的教授
4.superior soccer skills优异的足球技能
superior verbal skills优秀的语言技能
Those who are passionate about the activity are supposed to have superior English skills.
be superior to sth/sb 比…更优秀
be inferior to sb 比…更差
superior=splendid=superb=fabulous 优秀的，一流的
5.the key （to excellent performance）优异表现的关键
key university 重点大学
the solution to the difficulty解决问题的办法
the approach to the task
the access （to scientific results）获取科研成果的途径
6.professional training职业培训
7.deliberate practice刻意练习
deliberately=consciously 有意识地，专门地
8.cognitive exercises认知训练
cognitive functions 认知功能=mental activities
mental training=practice=exercise=workout 大脑训练
9.take to doing sth 开始定时做某事，养成做某事的习惯
I have taken to waking up early in the morning.
take to sb/sth 开始喜欢
10.set specific goals设定具体目标
goal=objective n.目标
achieve one’s goals达到目标
11.obtain immediate feedback获得即时反馈
prompt actions 立即行动
get=obtain=acquire=attain 获得
12.World Cup tournament世界杯锦标赛
contest=competition 比赛
the upcoming English speech contest 即将到来的英语演讲比赛
13.high oxygen capacity肺活量大
oxygen consumption耗氧量
We are born to have the capacity to learn languages.
a glass with a capacity of 500ml
high memory/capacity chips 大容量的芯片
14.at the annual peak of sth年度巅峰
at the peak 处于巅峰状态
reach the peak 达到巅峰
in a wide range of pursuits一系列广泛活动=in a large series of activities
15.a range of=a series of= a mass of=a host of =an array of
pursue an aspiring goal 追求一个高远的目标
aspiring=ambitious 有抱负的
pursuit n.追求；爱好（hobby=interest），活动
16.feed the professional ranks为职业队伍输送人才
rank 级别；队伍，成员
feed dogs
feed the expanding tissues 满足不断增大的组织所需要的能量
17.a noteworthy matter/affair/issue一件值得注意的怪事
noteworthy=noticeable 值得关注的，显著的
quirk=a strange thing
strange=weird=odd=bizarre a.奇怪的
take notes 做笔记
18.a pronounced phenomenon一个明显的现象
pronounced a.显著的，明显的
=clear=evident=visible=apparent=marked=obvious
19.to account for a phenomenon解释一个现象
explain=account for解释
account for 35% of the company’s revenue占据了该公司收入的35%
account for=take up=constitute 占比
share =percentage=proportion=rate=portion 比例
20.a dominating factor主要因素
major=primary=dominating 主要的，首要的
factor=element=ingredient =constituent=component 因素，要素
21.spotlight sth凸显某物
spotlight n.聚光灯 v.使受到关注，凸显
22.stress the importance of sth强调……的重要性
academic stress 学业压力
stress v.强调，凸显=emphasize=underline=underscore=
lay emphasis on=attach importance to sth
23.conduct research开展研究
conduct=perform=carry out 实施，做
research=study 研究
24.study nuclear engineering学习核工程
nuclear power plant/station 核电站
plant=factory=mill 工厂
a car plant 汽车制造厂
steel mill 炼钢厂 textile mill 纺织厂
engineer n.工程师v.设计，制造；改变基因结构
engineer a car 设计一辆汽车
genetically engineered crops 转基因作物
25.switch to psychology转而研究心理学
switch from A to B 从A 转到B
switch （from finance） to advertising从金融业转入广告业
26.a high degree of concentration on his major/career注意力高度集中
concentrate on 聚焦，关注=focus on=center on
27.make a startling assertion做出惊人断言
startling=shocking=surprising 令人震惊的
assert=claim=contend v.断言，声称
assertion=claim=contention n.断言，声称
28.encode information对信息进行编码
code n.密码 v.编码=encode
decode v.解码，破译
high-school coding class 高中编程课程
29.processing of information信息的处理
process n.过程 v.处理
process information 处理信息
30.repeat a random series of numbers重复一系列随机数字
number=figure=data=statistics 数据
random samples 随机的样本
31.digit span一段数字
digital devices 数码设备 electronic devices 电子设备
intelligent/smart tools 智能设备
a long time span/period 一段很长的时间
32.conceive children怀孕=be pregnant
conceive v.设想，想象=imagine=envision=visualize=envisage
our vision of the future 对未来的想象
conceive the first equipment 构想出一台设备
33.birth certificates出生证明
marriage/death certificate 结婚/死亡证明
certify v.（书面）证明
certain a.确定的
34.astrological signs星座=star signs
astrology 占星术
astro---star 星星
astronaut 宇航员
astronomy 天文学
astronomer 天文学家
35.biographical details生平资料，个人简介
36.exhibit inborn differences表现出天生差异
show=exhibit
inborn=inherent 天生的，内在的
37.overlook the role of talent忽视了天赋的作用
overlook=neglect 忽视
talent=gift 天赋
38.owe one’s success to nurture将成功归因于后天努力
owe…to…=attribute…to…=ascribe…to…=credit…to… 将…归因于
nurture 养育；培养 （后天培养）
nature 天生，天然 （先天天赋）
其他经典搭配
39.put another way=in other words换言之
put it in another way=put another way
as sb put it 正如某人说
40.coupled with=together with=along with=combined with 加之，与……相结合 =and
A and B
both A and B
A and B alike
A, coupled with B …..
41.be swamped by被……淹没；显得不重要
=be overshadowed by
swamp n.沼泽 v.淹没，使不重要
A swamp B A 使B不重要
42.Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。
Confidence makes charm.自信造就魅力。
Diligence makes expert performance. 勤奋造就卓越.
43.Faith will move mountains. 精诚所至，金石为开。
44.One reaps what one sows. 种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆。
45.Like father, like son.有其父必有其子。
1.newspaper supplement 报纸增刊
newspaper
daily日报 weekly 周报
quarterly 季刊
the press 媒体
mass media 大众媒体
supplement v.补充，增补
n. 补充物；（报纸、杂志）增刊
He supplements his income by taking a sideline兼职.
2.feature a column 专题报道一个栏目
feature n.特点，特征=trait=nature=characteristic（报纸等）专栏，专题报道
v.以…为特征 = be characterized by
特别报道Sold media features a strong user traffic. 出售媒介的特点是巨大的用户流量。
Owned media 自媒体
column n.圆柱；栏目
Column chart=bar chart 柱状图
Pie chart 饼状图
Line chart 线条图
3.an intelligent test/testing智力测试
4.an indicator of intelligence智力指标
indicate v.指示，表明
measure
5.defining term of intelligence定义智力的术语
6.to deduce numerical sequences推导数列
deduce 推导，推断=infer
the sequence of genes 基因序列
7.figure out numerical patterns解出数列
figure out=work out 搞清楚，弄明白
8.envision/visualize objects想象物体
objective a.客观的
objectivity 客观性
conceive= envision=visualize=envisage=imagine v.想象
object to sb 反对某人 objecting justices 持反对意见的大法官
objection 反对意见
9.complete verbal and visual analogies完成语言和视觉类比
visual a.视觉的 ~ effect 视觉效果
draw an analogy between our heart and a pump
analogy ---similarity类比
contrast ---difference对比
verbal skills 语言技能
10.fold paper into different shapes将纸折叠成不同形状
shape n.身材；健康状况 v. 塑造；影响…
in good/poor shape 健康状况良好/差
shape=figure=frame=build n.身材
shape our life and future影响了我们的生活和未来
11.elude the best poets使最优秀的诗人感到困惑
elude=puzzle=confuse v.使迷惑，使难以理解
elusive=puzzling=confusing a.令人难懂的
poem 一首诗
poetry（统称）诗歌
machine
machinery 机械
employee
staff
teacher
faculty 全体老师
12.standardized tests标准化测试
13.test-taking skill应试技巧
take a test
test-oriented teaching 应试教学法
profit-oriented scientists 注重利益的科学家
14.luck and coincidence运气和巧合
incident n.（不好）事件
incidence n.发生率
cooperate合作=co-work=collaborate 合作
15.under low-stress/high-stress conditions在低/高压条件下
under…condition在…条件之下
stress=pressure=strain n.压力
最高级+ n + in history
16.the highest score ever recorded有史以来最高分
17.toil through SAT 努力熬过SAT考试
pass an exam
Pleasure comes through toil. 苦尽甘来。
work through= toil through 艰难解决
work out=figure out=sort our 解决
18.A be negatively/positively correlated with B与……负/正相关
correlate=relate
A has a positive correlation with B
correlation=relation=interrelation=relationship= tie=link=connection=interaction=association 关联，关系between…and…
be associated with与…有关联
The Postgraduate Association 研究生会
The Students’ Union学生会
19.different computational procedures不同的计算程序
compute v.计算
compute the loss 计算损失
20.practical knowledge实际知识
theoretical knowledge 理论知识
21.verbal/leadership skills语言/领导能力
22.field queries/questions（成功）处理、回答问题
answer a question=field a query
query sb/sth 向某人提问/质疑某事
23.suit sb to do sth满足某人做某事的需求，使某人能够做某事=enable sb to do sth
24.accessible=available a.可以得到的，可以买到的
be available on the Internet网上可以购买
the Net =web =network=cyber 互联网（的）
cyber crime 网络犯罪
networked computer 联网的电脑
25.populate bookstores出现在书店里
drugstore药店=pharmacy
population 人口
populate v.居住于…, 成为…人口=live in=inhabit
26.capture the main aspects体现了主要方面
capture enemy soldiers 捉获敌军
in many aspects=in many respects 在许多方面
27.mental age心理年龄
28.chronological age生理年龄
chron---time
chronic a.（疾病）慢性的；长期性
chronicle n.编年史，纪事（报） v.记录
chronology n. 历史年表
29.a statistical population distribution统计人口分布
statistics =data =number=figure 数据
human beings are widely distributed.人类分布广泛。
1.double-income families双收入家庭
收入，薪水income=paycheck=pay=earnings=wage=salary=gain
wage slaves 工薪族
Everyone loves a fat pay rise.
2.two-paycheck status双薪状态
3.the primary earner顶梁柱
4.a back-up earner 支援力量
make/earn one’s living 谋生
lead/live one’s life生活，过日子
5.go into the workforce进入劳动力市场
6.transform family economics改变家庭经济状况
change the economic condition of family
transform v.改变=change=vary
transformer n.变形金刚
economics 经济学；经济状况
statistics 统计学；统计数据
7.a sense of security安全感
a sense of guilt 负罪感，内疚感
a feeling of fulfillment 充实感
security=safety 安全
8.safety net 安全保障（通常指美国的社会保障体系）
9.a guaranteed future有保障的未来=a secure prospect
guarantee v.确保，保证=ensure
50 volunteers are wanted to guarantee the success of the upcoming international conference. 为了确保即将到来的国际会议成功举办，特招募50名志愿者。
10.lose the parachute失去了保障=lose the safety net
11.lay off解雇=fire=dismiss
12.a pink slip解雇通知书
slip n.小纸条
13.a disruption to family fortunes家庭财富的中断
disrupt v.破坏，中断
disrupt a meeting 扰乱会议
disruptive technology 突破性技术，颠覆性技术
fortune=luck 运气
fortune=great wealth巨额财富=a large sum of money
make money赚钱
make fortune 发财
make profits 获取利润
14.sb outlive retirement money 退休金不够花
out-超出
A outlive B 比…活得更久
Outgrow/outpace/outweigh 比…长得快/走得快/更重要
15.compensate for the reduced pensions 补偿降低的养老金
compensate sb for sth
compensation committee 薪酬委员会
16.financial setback经济挫折
academic setback 学业挫折
17.at financial risk面临巨大的经济风险
18.weather bad times渡过困难时期
weather a period of misery 渡过痛苦期
19.market fluctuation股市波动
stock market 股市
fluctuate=change =swing 波动
fluctuating prices 波动的价格
20.interest rates利率
special interests 特殊利益团体
21.absorb a risk承担风险
absorb=shoulder=bear=assume 承担（责任、义务等）
shoulder a responsibility 承担责任
22.harsh reality残酷的现实 =a cruel world
harsh weather 严酷的天气
23.fair play公平竞争
an even playing field 公平的商业环境
24.jump eightfold骤增八倍
jump剧增=explode=rocket=surge=soar=shoot up
25.financial/political fallout经济/政治后果
fallout 余波，后果=consequence=outcome=result
26.on the cliff在悬崖峭壁之上（面临高风险）
27.financial risks outweigh political risks经济风险大于政治风险
28.the shift of risk onto one’s shoulders将风险转嫁到某人肩膀上
shift v./n. 转移，转换
shift（from）A to B
29.a bad diagnosis重症诊断书
diagnose v.诊断疾病
diagnose a variety of diseases 诊断一系列疾病
The illness is diagnosed as cancer.
diagnosis n.诊断（结果）
30.a disappearing spouse配偶去世
couple 夫妻=match
31.unemployment or disability insurance失业和伤残保险
take out an insurance policy 申领保单
insure v.投保 insure myself against unemployment 买失业险
ensure 确保，保证
32.a savings-account model储蓄账户模式
bank account 银行账户
33.the absolute cost of healthcare医疗卫生的绝对成本
health care =health=care 医疗卫生
the Department of Health
WHO: World Health Organization
34.exercise responsibility履行责任
exercise one’s power 行使权力
absorb=shoulder=bear=assume 承担
35.campaign to do sth开展一场……运动
launch an electing campaign 发起一次竞选活动
36.on the alert处于警备状态
email alert 电邮提醒
alert 警觉的
37.in ruins严重受损，破败不堪
ruin the city 毁掉城市
ruin n.废墟
the city in ruins 破败不堪的城市
38.be deprived of sth失去了……
deprive sb of sth=strip sb of sth 剥夺某人的某物
39.side effect副作用=negative effect
40.be vulnerable to injury 易受……影响=be susceptible to diseases
be immune to sth不受…影响的
41.count on sb to do sth 指望某人做某事=depend on sb doing sth
bank on sb to do sth 依靠某人
42.social implications of changes变化带来的社会影响
imply v.暗示
implication n.暗示；影响，意义，重要性
carry a significant implication for sth 对…产生了重要影响=
exert a dramatic influence/impact/effect on sth
43.legislative halls立法大厅
leg—law
legal 合法的=legitimate=lawful
legislation n.立法；法律
enact legislation=pass a law 通过法律
legislature 立法机构
legislator 立法者
44.attendant need随之而来的需求
attendant=following=consequent 随之而来的
attend a meeting 参加会议
attend sb 伴随，陪伴=accompany sb
attend to sb/sth 关心，照顾
45.a frightening acceleration可怕的加速
fright n.害怕，恐惧=terror=horror
frighten v.使害怕，吓唬=terrify=horrify
frightened a.(感到)害怕的=terrified=horrified
frightening 令人害怕的=terrifying=horrifying
accelerate 加速=speed up
46.from one’s perspective从某人的角度看=from one’s standpoint/viewpoint
as far as one is concerned=in one’s opinion
47.people of all stripes各行各业的人，各个阶层的人
critics from all walks of life =people in all fields
1.data leakage/insecurity数据泄露/不安全
leak data泄露数据
2.data-rich industries 数据量庞大的行业（银行业、医疗行业、铁路，航空业）
in the industry of engineering 在工程学领域
in the medical profession 在医学界
in the field of education 在教育领域
in the domain of finance 在金融领域
in the music world 在音乐界
in the sphere of history 在历史学界
in the academic community 在学术界
3.massive leakages of customer data 客户数据的严重泄露
massive a.巨大的；严重的
a massive house 巨大的房子
a massive heart attack 严重的心脏病
massive=severe=serious 严重的
4.peer into intricate IT systems仔细检查复杂的IT系统
peer v.窥，仔细端详=look at sth carefully=check sth carefully=examine
intricate=complex=complicated 复杂的
5.in search of potential vulnerabilities寻找可能存在的漏洞
in search of=search for=look for
achieve one’s potential 实现某人的潜能
be vulnerable to sth=be susceptible to sth易受伤害的，易受影响的
vulnerability =weak point =weakness 弱点，漏洞
6.let sth get into the wrong hands使某物落入不法之手
7.the theft of information窃取信息
thief n.小偷
steal v.偷窃
8.go astray丢失，被盗；误入歧途=get lost
9.locate spies定位间谍
location n.位置
10.credit-card accounts信用卡账户
11.guard an asset/customer data 保护资产/客户数据
guard=secure=protect=safeguard =shield v.保护
property 资产，财产
12.data redundancy/restoration/recovery数据备份/恢复
redundant a.多余的，冗余的
restore 修复
13.feeble corporation governance薄弱的企业管理
business management
feeble=weak=fragile=delicate 脆弱的
corporation=firm=company=business=enterprise 公司，企业
govern v.管理；治理—government n.政府
governance n.管理
14.sort out compliance troubles解决规章制度的麻烦
work out=figure out=sort out 解决，弄明白
comply with 遵守，服从=abide by=stick to/with=obey=observe=follow
compliance n.遵守，服从
15.fierce business competition 激烈的企业竞争
fierce=intense 激烈的
16.a dim executive愚笨的管理人员
CEO：chief executive officer
dim a.昏暗的；愚笨的
bright a.明亮的；聪明的
17.corporate America美国企业界
18.attend to shareholders’ interests关注股东利益
attend a meeting
attend sth伴随，陪同
attend to sb/sth关心，照顾
19.on behalf of shareholders代表股东（利益），为了….利益
20.odd, low-level IT staff临时的、低端的IT员工
an odd employee 临时工
odd=bizarre=weird=strange 奇怪的
heads roll 严重惩罚（被解雇）
21.heads rolling in the executive suite管理层受到惩罚（指被解雇）
suite n.一套（房间、人马）
management n.管理层；管理
22.American defense contractor美国国防（项目）承包商
defend 防御；国防；辩护
contract n.合同
23.set an investment level制定投资标准= fund sth 给…拨款
24.legal penalty法律惩罚
penalty=punishment
penalize=punish v.惩罚
25.security legislation安全立法
enact legislation=pass a law 通过法律
26.propose data-security legislation提议进行数据安全立法
27.put (sth) right 纠正，恢复秩序
28.disclose a truth披露真相
disclose=reveal=unveil=unmask=uncover v.揭露，披露
29.put sb on notice警示某人
30.do the rounds轮流拜访（文中指提案正在接受议员逐项审查）
31.It never rains but it pours.不雨则已，一雨倾盆。祸不单行。
32.leave sb doing sth使某人处于某种状态
33.leave sb in despair/misery 使某人处于绝望/痛苦之中
34.leave sth to sb将某事留给某人
35.earn sb nasty headlines使某人登上负面新闻
His kindness earns him a good reputation.
nasty=distasteful 令人讨厌的
36.high on one’s agenda对某人十分重要，某人十分重视
very important
37.give due/proper attention to sth给予……应有的关注
38.a major solution to sth应对某事的主要策略
39.overshadow sth使某物相形见绌，使……变得不重要
A overshadows B= B is overshadowed by A A使得B不重要
be swamped by sth=be overshadowed by sth
40.be encouraged by由……引起的
A be inspired by B
A be spurred/driven/motivated by B
41.the current state of affairs当前事态，当前形势
42.make the point 论证观点
make a point 提出一个论点
43.take the lead带头
44.threaten to do sth即将做某事（贬义）
45.promise to do sth即将做某事（褒义）
promising 有前景的
46.until now迄今，过去一直（用在负面表达中描述某现象一直持续到目前）=so far
2008 年
1.be exposed to stress处于压力之下
2.feel the strain感到压力
3.strain of stress压力的束缚
4.confront/tolerate/diffuse stress应对/承受/疏解压力
5.cope with stress=handle stress应对压力
6.severe chronic stresses 严重的长期压力
7.be worn out from sth因……筋疲力尽
8.stressed-out female rats筋疲力尽的雌鼠
9.cope with obligations履行责任
10.develop depression and anxiety disorders患上抑郁症及焦虑症
11.in domestic situations在家庭环境中
12.live in frustration生活不如意
13.cover household expenses支付家庭开支
14.pay the car payment/debt支付车款/债务
15.live from paycheck to paycheck经济拮据
16.interpersonal violence人际暴力
17.random physical violence随机的身体暴力
18.one-shot deals一次性事件
19.threaten one’s ability to function威胁正常生活的能力
20.gender inequality性别不平等
21.sex hormones性激素
22.female reproductive organs雌性生殖器官
23.show different inclinations呈现出不同的倾向
24.produce trigger chemicals产生触发性化学物质
25.be vulnerable to sth=be susceptible to sth易受……影响的，易受伤害的
26.in a…nature呈现出……特点
27.catch up to sb追赶某人
28.be equal to sth与……等同
29.under the same conditions在同等条件下
30.way ahead 遥遥领先
31.not necessarily不一定，未必
32.struggle to do sth尽力做某事
33.be determined to do sth下定决心做某事
34.be experienced in sth在某方面有经验
35.an undesirable category一个不良的方面
1.scholarly journals学术期刊
2.traditional process 传统流程
3.journal editing/publication期刊编辑/出版
4.peer review同行评议
5.accept/decline a paper接受论文/退稿
6.subscribe to a journal订阅期刊
7.institutional subscribers机构订户
8.publication routine of laboratory reports实验报告的出版流程
9.scientific endeavor/research科学事业/研究
10.submit the results of research to a journal将研究结果递交给期刊
11.remove the authors’ affiliations隐去作者的所属机构
12.cover the cost of publication支付出版费用
13.open-access publishing model开放获取出版模式
14.site-licensing agreements网站许可协议
15.institutional repositories机构储存库（典藏）
16.funding agencies资助机构
17.government-funded research政府资助的研究
18.wide distribution and ready access广泛传播和方便获取
19.make free access to sth a reality使免费获取某物成为可能
20.provide an access to sth提供获取……的机会
21.restrict access to sth限制……的获取
22.render sth easier使某事更容易
23.specialize in sth专门从事，专攻
24.rest with sb（权力、责任）属于某人
25.issue a report 发布一份报告
26.make heavy reading for sb使某人读起来心情沉重
27.make handsome profits赚取丰厚利润
28.business models商业模式
29.hybrid of three models三种模式的结合
30.far-reaching consequences深远影响
31.pose a threat to sb/sth对……构成威胁
32.facilitate public investment促进公共投资
33.signal a change标志着一个变化
1.the change of height身高变化
2.oversize limbs过大的肢体
3.fit the bigger, longer frames适应更壮、更高的身体
4.the upright posture直立的姿势
5.struggle with bipedal posture与双足行走的姿势做斗争
6.withstand repeated strain承受不断施加的压力
7.avoid substantial height避免身材过高
8.pass through birth canal通过产道
9.reach one’s limit达到极限
10.a secular trend长期趋势
11.follow a cyclic pattern遵循周期循环模式
12.daily exercise日常锻炼
13.recruit players from all over the world从全世界招募球员
14.play major professional sports参加大型职业比赛
15.assess the achievements of sb评估某人的成就
16.living standards生活水平
17.natural environment自然环境
18.calories, nutrients and protein热量、营养物质以及蛋白质
19.under-nutrition and childhood infections营养不良和儿童传染病
20.feed expanding tissues满足不断增长的组织所需的能量
21.genetic modification/testing基因改造/测试
22.genetic architecture of the individual organism单个有机物的基因结构
23.adjust team uniforms调整队服
24.the garment industry服装业
25.the design of military uniforms军装的设计（款式）
26.be applicable to sth 对……适用
27.fit recruits without alteration不用修改就适用新成员
28.get in the way阻碍了发展进步
29.set constraints on sth对……设置限制
30.be conditioned by sth受到……限制
31.obscure an unrecognized reality掩饰了一个未被发现的现实
32.the increasingly common practice日益普遍的做法
33.play a key role in sth在……中起关键作用
34.by and large大体上，总体上
1.extract teeth拔牙
2.dental surgery牙科手术
3.transplant teeth into jaw移植牙齿到下颌中
4.primitive medical practice落后的医疗手段
5.father a child with a woman与女性生育一个小孩
6.far different image完全不同的形象
7.reveal unknown aspects揭示不为人知的方面
8.moral compromises道德妥协
9.stain one’s prestige玷污名声
10.express distaste for sth表达对……的厌恶
11.could not afford to do sth无法承受……
12.make up stories编造故事
13.in one’s will在遗嘱中
14.overcome the strong opposition克服强烈反对
15.military experience军事经历
16.financial conditions经济条件
17.a large bank account大额银行账户
18.presidential election总统大选
19.the Electoral College选举人团
20.congressional representation国会代表
21.peculiar institution特殊制度
22.inflate the votes增加了投票数
23.the three-fifths formula五分之三投票方案
24.hand sb a narrow victory使某人险胜
25.in office 入职，就职
26.political stand/attitude政治立场/态度
27.the fragile nature of the country's infancy新生国家的脆弱性
28.be confronted with delicate situations面临脆弱的形势
29.the founding generation=the Founding Fathers= the founders开国元勋
30.the cruelty of slavery奴隶制的残酷
31.free slaves解放奴隶
32.grant sb freedom给某人自由
33.economic bedrock of the country 国家的经济基石
34.legislative approval法律许可
35.be spurred by sth 受到……刺激，由于……
36.be hampered by sth受到……束缚
37.originate from源自，源于
38.carve sth into sth 将……划分为……
39.part with sth与……分开；放弃
40.examine history from the bottom up自下而上研究历史
2009 年
1.familiar routine熟悉的例行常规
2.unchangeable creatures of habit一成不变的习惯性生物
3.the unreflecting herd不善于思考的人们
4.set sth on auto-pilot将……调整到自动导航模式
5.relax into the unconscious comfort放松地进入无意识舒适状态
6.develop new habits培养新习惯
7.the formation of new habits养成新习惯
8.kill off old habits消灭旧习惯
9.step outside comfort zone走出舒适区
10.jump…onto a new track使……转入新轨道
11.an innovational thinker创新思想者
12.fantastic ideas新奇的想法
13.innovative and collaborative modes of thought创新和合作的思维模式
14.trains of thought一连串的想法，思路
15.a fascination with wonder强烈的好奇心
16.explore many possibilities探寻多种可能性
17.bypass old roads绕过旧路线
18.create parallel pathways 生成平行路径
19.direct a change引导改变
20.break a rule打破规则
21.in the ever-changing 21st century在不断变化的21世纪
22.work through problems解决问题
23.approach challenges应对挑战
24.don’t bother doing sth 不必费心做某事
25.be born with the capacity to do sth天生有能力做某事
26.brain cells脑细胞
27.wear sth into brain将……刻入大脑
28.standardized testing标准化测试
29.perpetuate a lie维系谎言
30.foster commonness助长平庸
31.carry a negative implication带有贬义色彩
32.dismiss…as… 认为……是……而不屑一顾
33.derive from sth 源于
34.be characterized by sth以……为特征
35.comply with sth与……一致
36.This is where…comes in. 这正是……的意义所在。
1.a paternity testing kit (PTK)亲子检测包
2.paternity and kinship testing亲子和亲属检测
3.identify parent-child kinship确定亲子关系
4.ancestry testing家谱检测
5.trace distant ancestors追查遥远的祖先
6.track down sth追查，追踪找到
7.locate one’s birth place确定出生地
8.search for geographic roots寻找地域根源
9.excessive sample comparison过多的样本对比
10.promote genetic research促进基因研究
11.reveal genetic information揭示基因信息
12.commercial genetic testing商业基因检测
13.fors and againsts of DNA testing支持和反对基因检测
14.available without prescriptions= over-the-counter非处方的
15.adopted children被收养的孩子
16.biological relatives血缘亲属
17.reliable bloodlines可靠的血缘关系
18.a single lineage单一的血统
19.pass down传承下去，遗传
20.reference collections参考数据库
21.disorganized data collection混乱的数据收集
22.overlapping database building重合的数据库建设
23.lump together堆在一起
24.achieve the claimed accuracy达到声称的精度
25.hawk false precision兜售虚假的精确性
26.process the results处理结果
27.computer programs电脑程序
28.peer review同行评审
29.lack of patent evaluation缺乏专利评估
30.number in the hundreds数以百计
31.shell out付一大笔钱
32.easy availability容易获得，方便购买
33.range (in price) from…to… （价格）从……到……不等
34.be only as good as（质量、价值）取决于……
35.popularity with households受到家庭的青睐
36.the latest rage最新的流行做法
37.boost one’s wisdom提升智慧
38.skeptical observers持怀疑态度的评论家
39.be subject to sth 受……管制，服从
1.improve economic performance提高经济水平
2.promote rapid economic development促进经济快速发展
3.advanced economic performance较高的经济水平
4.escape poverty traps 摆脱贫困
5.standards of living生活标准
6.enter a recession进入衰退期
7.at peak处于巅峰状态
8.to achieve radically higher productivity达到极高生产率
9.better disciplined更有纪律性
10.achieve one’s potential实现潜能
11.receive training接受培训
12.housing construction房屋建造
13.automotive-assembly productivity汽车装配生产率
14.competitive environments竞争环境
15.meet a standard 符合标准
16.formal education正规教育
17.the construction of a new educational system建立新的教育体系
18.intellectual development 智力发展
19.poorly/well educated教育水平低/良好
20.illiterate workers不识字的工人
21.a research institution研究机构
22.a conventional view传统观点
23.be derided as sth被看作……而加以嘲笑
24.be widely misunderstood遭到广泛误解
25.be subject to groundless doubts受到无端质疑
26.on the contrary相反
27.the primary cause主要原因
28.a necessary, but not a sufficient, condition for sth必要非充分条件
29.the very highest priorities for sth某事最重要的一个条件
30.quote an example援引例子
31.push sb to do sth促使某人做某事
32.fall victim of sth沦为……的牺牲品
33.constrain the ability to do sth限制做某事的能力
34.the foreseeable future可预见的未来
1.intellectual interests/endeavors学术兴趣/探索
2.intellectual pursuits/life精神追求/生活
3.intellectual earnestness求知的执着
4.the most thoroughly studied intellectuals被研究最彻底的知识分子
5.men of impressive education and influence受过良好教育并具有影响力的人
6.a well-educated man受过良好教育的人
7.learned ministers学识渊博的牧师
8.write and publish extensively广泛著书立说
9.literary compositions文学作品
10.make an account of sth记录
11.reach audiences被观众熟知
12.leave sth for later reference留下……供后世参考
13.widely understood ideals广泛认可的理想
14.enjoy a liberal environment享受一种自由的环境
15.create an intellectual atmosphere创造一种新的求知环境
16.experience a peaceful history经历了一段和平的历史时期
17.colonial America 殖民时期的美洲
18.in a decisive moment在一个关键时刻
19.adjust to a new circumstance适应新环境
20.the scenes of important episodes重要事件的发生地
21.journey to a place远航至某地
22.the early settlers早期定居者
23.religious/theological innovations宗教/神学创新
24.church sermons教会的布道
25.religious commitments宗教信仰
26.a traditional superstitious quality传统的迷信色彩
27.settle his fate决定命运
28.an illusory prospect虚幻的前景
29.attach importance to sth 重视
30.gain increasing importance日益重要
31.in the pursuit of sth追求
32.be obsessed with sth对……痴迷
33.be frustrated with sth对……感到沮丧
34.distinctive ideas独特观点
35.take an approach to sth以某种方式处理/看待
36.in keeping with sth与……保持一致
37.family earnings家庭收入
38.economic frustrations经济挫折
39.be motivated by sth受到……的激励
40.engage (sb) in political activities（使某人）从事政治活动
41.confront sb 遇到某人
42.main end 主要目的
43.let alone更不必说
44.be filled with sth 充满
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