生物大牛缘何因“性骚扰”离职？

日前，来自美国芝加哥大学人类遗传学系的一名杰出的分子生物学家因为“性骚扰”被迫离职，此事被《纽约时报》报道后，再经其他媒体报道后此事估计传遍了美国学术圈，至少是生物圈。

话说这位知名大牛Jason Lieb，现年43岁，应该算是生物领域里面最有为的年龄了，他也算是基因转录调控领域的牛人之一了，其研究领域也涵盖了表观遗传学方向，谷歌学术显示的论文引用次数为15521次。Jason Lieb本科在北卡教堂山分校念完的，随后在UC伯克利拿到博士学位，在斯坦福大学做完博后就来到UNC任教了。多年来主要集中在染色质，转录基因和基因表达调控方面的研究，Lieb还和多位表观领域的大牛合作过，例如现在在哈佛的张毅教授和刘小乐教授，还有Brian D. Strahl等，在CHIP-Seq方法学方面应该做了很多开创性的贡献，还参与ENCODE计划等等，说实话小编没做功课不好太多评价，总之引用过万次的40几岁的科学家是不多见的。最近David Allis新编著的讲点教材《Epigenetics》第二版还有Lieb贡献的一章节内容——《Regulation of the X chromosomes in Caenorhabditis elegans》。

此次事件缘于Jason Lieb在参加一个校外Retreat活动期间向喝醉了的女生（应是分子生物学方向的研究生）在“约炮”，“约炮”二字形容的应该不夸张，且看ABC新闻报道的原文是 “ He's accused of making unwelcome sexual advances to several female students at an off-campus retreat ”，^_^。而在《纽约时报》里面还有一句话描述了当时场景——“incapacitated due to alcohol and therefore could not consent”，而且最后应该是发生了“关系”的，且看“found that he engaged in sexual activity with a student”。芝加哥大学是在收到了很多学生和老师的举报后开始调查的。

《纽约时报》报道，其实Lieb在入职芝加哥大学的时候，该校就曾接到举报和敬告，匿名举报称Lieb早在北卡罗来纳州立大学（UNC）和普林斯顿大学任教期间就曾被指控“性骚扰”女性，在另一篇报道里面爆出了Lieb早在UNC期间就和一名他自己的研究生有过一月余的“关系”。也有报道称普林斯顿方面面对这一问题并没有给出答复，以不便过问私事而拒绝评论。可是最终芝加哥大学方面当时并没有在意这些举报，Lieb也告知了芝加哥大学方面他受到的这些指控，然而Lieb最终还是入职了，这是经过了招聘委员会匿名投票程序的结果。

PS:咱圈内出现这种事情也没有什么大惊小怪的了，国内外都有，这次老外被《纽约时报》报道后在美国引起了巨大的反响。也有些那个啥的华人教授在朋友圈里面也多被议论纷纷，故事情节精彩纷呈，碍于情面，有些还有可能日后要打交道，小编也不多说了，列位看官有明白的也就一笑了之为本文点个赞吧，^_^。

以下是芝加哥大学给USA Today College的一份声明：

In November, the University of Chicago received reports that a faculty member had engaged in inappropriate behavior during a private party, which followed an off-campus meeting organized by a University department. The University immediately began an investigation into the allegations. The faculty member promptly went on a leave of absence and was on leave throughout the process.

Following a thorough investigation, the University’s Title IX Coordinator concluded in January that the faculty member’s conduct violated the University’s Policy on Harassment, Discrimination and Sexual Misconduct.  The Title IX Coordinator reported her findings and conclusions to the faculty member’s department chair, dean, and the Provost of the University, and recommended that the University terminate the faculty member’s employment.  The faculty member resigned before the disciplinary process was concluded. The faculty member is no longer employed by the University. The department and those affected by the case were notified of the investigation and its outcome. While we are refraining from publicly releasing the name of the faculty member to protect those who participated in the investigation, the findings, conclusions and recommendations will be part of the faculty member’s employment record at the University.

Sexual harassment and sexual misconduct are forms of sex discrimination that violate the standards of our community and will not be tolerated by the University of Chicago. The University provides confidential counseling services and other support for members of our community who experience sexual misconduct. As part of its commitment to prevent sexual misconduct, the University is already in the process of providing increased training on related issues to faculty members, graduate students, undergraduates, and staff members.

Jason Lieb教授作为通讯作者的部分代表作（PS：看到这些文章，无限感慨啊）：

1、 Lieb, J. D., Albrecht, M. R., Chuang, P. T., & Meyer, B. J. (1998). MIX-1: an essential component of the C. elegans mitotic machinery executes X chromosome dosage compensation. Cell, 92(2), 265-277.

1、 Ercan, S., & Lieb, J. D. (2008). Chromatin Proteins Do Double Duty. Cell,133(5), 763-765.

2、 Lieb, J. D., & Clarke, N. D. (2005). Control of transcription through intragenic patterns of nucleosome composition. Cell, 123(7), 1187-1190.

3、 Lickwar, C. R., Mueller, F., Hanlon, S. E., McNally, J. G., & Lieb, J. D. (2012). Genome-wide protein-DNA binding dynamics suggest a molecular clutch for transcription factor function. Nature, 484(7393), 251-255.

4、 Pott, S., & Lieb, J. D. (2015). What are super-enhancers?. Nature genetics,47(1), 8-12.

5、 Gaulton, K. J., Nammo, T., Pasquali, L., Simon, J. M., Giresi, P. G., Fogarty, M. P., ... & Berney, T. (2010). A map of open chromatin in human pancreatic islets. Nature genetics, 42(3), 255-259.

6、 Ercan, S., & Lieb, J. D. (2006). New evidence that DNA encodes its packaging. Nature genetics, 38(10).

7、 Buck, M. J., & Lieb, J. D. (2006). A chromatin-mediated mechanism for specification of conditional transcription factor targets. Nature genetics,38(12), 1446-1451.

8、 Lee, C. K., Shibata, Y., Rao, B., Strahl, B. D., & Lieb, J. D. (2004). Evidence for nucleosome depletion at active regulatory regions genome-wide. Nature genetics, 36(8), 900-905.

9、 Lickwar, C. R., Mueller, F., & Lieb, J. D. (2013). Genome-wide measurement of protein-DNA binding dynamics using competition ChIP. Nature protocols,8(7), 1337-1353.

10、Chen, Y., Negre, N., Li, Q., Mieczkowska, J. O., Slattery, M., Liu, T., ... & Ruan, Y. (2012). Systematic evaluation of factors influencing ChIP-seq fidelity. Nature methods, 9(6), 609-614.

11、Simon, J. M., Giresi, P. G., Davis, I. J., & Lieb, J. D. (2012). Using formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements (FAIRE) to isolate active regulatory DNA. Nature protocols, 7(2), 256-267.

12、Egelhofer, T. A., Minoda, A., Klugman, S., Lee, K., Kolasinska-Zwierz, P., Alekseyenko, A. A., ... & Gu, T. (2011). An assessment of histone-modification antibody quality. Nature structural & molecular biology, 18(1), 91-93.

13、Giresi, P. G., & Lieb, J. D. (2006). How to find an opening (or lots of them).Nature methods, 3(7), 501-502.

14、Ercan, S., Giresi, P. G., Whittle, C. M., Zhang, X., Green, R. D., & Lieb, J. D. (2007). X chromosome repression by localization of the C. elegans dosage compensation machinery to sites of transcription initiation. Nature genetics,39(3), 403-408.

15、 McKay, D. J., & Lieb, J. D. (2014). A split personality for nucleosomes. Cell, 159(6), 1249-1251.

16、Ikegami, K., & Lieb, J. D. (2013). Integral nuclear pore proteins bind to Pol III-transcribed genes and are required for Pol III transcript processing in C. elegans. Molecular cell, 51(6), 840-849.

17、 Palpant, T., & Lieb, J. (2012). Tuning gene expression with nucleosome-disfavoring sequences. Nature genetics, 44(7), 735.

18、 Strome, S., Kelly, W. G., Ercan, S., & Lieb, J. D. (2014). Regulation of the X chromosomes in Caenorhabditis elegans. Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in biology, 6(3).

19、Ercan, S., Dick, L. L., & Lieb, J. D. (2009). The C. elegans dosage compensation complex propagates dynamically and independently of X chromosome sequence. Current Biology, 19(21), 1777-1787.

20、Hanlon, S. E., & Lieb, J. D. (2004). Progress and challenges in profiling the dynamics of chromatin and transcription factor binding with DNA microarrays.Current opinion in genetics & development, 14(6), 697-705.

21、 McKay, D. J., & Lieb, J. D. (2013). A common set of DNA regulatory elements shapes Drosophila appendages. Developmental cell, 27(3), 306-318.

22、Pott, S., & Lieb, J. D. (2015). Single-cell ATAC-seq: strength in numbers.Genome biology, 16(1), 1-4.

23、Rashid, N. U., Giresi, P. G., Ibrahim, J. G., Sun, W., & Lieb, J. D. (2011). ZINBA integrates local covariates with DNA-seq data to identify broad and narrow regions of enrichment, even within amplified genomic regions.Genome Biol, 12(7), R67.

24、Ikegami, K., Egelhofer, T. A., Strome, S., & Lieb, J. D. (2010). Caenorhabditis elegans chromosome arms are anchored to the nuclear membrane via discontinuous association with LEM-2. Genome Biol, 11(12), R120.

25、 Buck, M. J., Nobel, A. B., & Lieb, J. D. (2005). ChIPOTle: a user-friendly tool for the analysis of ChIP-chip data. Genome biology, 6(11), R97.

26、 Ercan, S., Lubling, Y., Segal, E., & Lieb, J. D. (2011). High nucleosome occupancy is encoded at X-linked gene promoters in C. elegans. Genome research, 21(2), 237-244.

27、 Giresi, P. G., Kim, J., McDaniell, R. M., Iyer, V. R., & Lieb, J. D. (2007). FAIRE (Formaldehyde-Assisted Isolation of Regulatory Elements) isolates active regulatory elements from human chromatin. Genome research, 17(6), 877-885.

28、 Johnson, D. S., Li, W., Gordon, D. B., Bhattacharjee, A., Curry, B., Ghosh, J., ... & Koch, C. M. (2008). Systematic evaluation of variability in ChIP-chip experiments using predefined DNA targets. Genome research, 18(3), 393-403.

29、 Berchowitz, L. E., Hanlon, S. E., Lieb, J. D., & Copenhaver, G. P. (2009). A positive but complex association between meiotic double-strand break hotspots and open chromatin in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genome research, 19(12), 2245-2257.

30、  Liu, X., Lee, C. K., Granek, J. A., Clarke, N. D., & Lieb, J. D. (2006). Whole-genome comparison of Leu3 binding in vitro and in vivo reveals the importance of nucleosome occupancy in target site selection. Genome research, 16(12), 1517-1528.