英国社会（二）

英国社会I.  Health and Social Services  全国医疗保健II. Social Security  社会保险III. Religion  宗教IV. Festival and Public Holidays  节假日

英国社会之社会保险

II. Social Security     社会保险
1. The social security system is designed to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need.社会保险制度设立的目的是保障经济困难的人们的基本生活水平。
Nearly a third of government expenditure is devoted to the social security program which provides financial help for people who are elderly, sick, disabled, unemployed, widowed, bringing up children or on very low incomes.政府开支的近三分之一用于社会保险计划，此计划给老人，病人，残疾人，失业者，寡妇，抚育幼儿者或低收入者提供经济帮助。
2. Administration in Great Britainis handled by separate executive agencies of the Department of Social Security.大不列颠的社会保险由社会保险部独立执行机构管理。
3. Contributory social security benefits, it includes:需要先交费的社会安全福利（个人有工作收入时交，无收入时领），其中包括:(1) Retirement pension; 退休金(2)Unemployment pension; 失业金(3) Sickness and invalidity benefit; 病残福利金(4) Maternity allowance; 孕产期补助金(5) Widows' benefits. 寡妇补助金 4. Non-contributory social security benefits, it includes:不需要先交费的福利金，其中包括:(1) War pensions; 战争伤亡抚恤金(2) Industrial injuries disablement benefit; 工伤致残救济金(3) Child benefit; 儿童补助金(4) Family credit. 低收入家庭补助金

本文为节选，来源：沪江网

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