骨科手术早知道009：软组织肿块切除术（EXCISION OF SOFT TISSUE MASSES）

      足部常见的软组织肿块是腱鞘囊肿。腱鞘囊肿是与关节囊或腱鞘相连的充满液体的囊。在踝关节周围常形成腱鞘囊肿。腱鞘囊肿一般可以用挤破、抽除等保守治疗。如保守治疗无效，囊肿较大造成不适，可考虑手术治疗。

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Overview（概述）

During this outpatient procedure, the physician removes a mass that has formed beneath the skin the most common type of soft tissue mass (a ganglion cyst). A ganglion cyst is a fluid-filled sac that is connected to a joint capsule or tendon sheath. Ganglion cysts commonly form near the ankle.

      在这个门诊手术中，外科医生将皮下形成的肿块去除。常见的软组织肿块是腱鞘囊肿。腱鞘囊肿是与关节囊或腱鞘相连的充满液体的囊。在踝关节周围常形成腱鞘囊肿。

Cyst Accessed（显露囊肿）

In preparation for the procedure, the foot is numbed with local anesthetic. The physician creates an incision to expose the cyst.

      准备手术时，脚用局部麻醉使之麻木。医生作一切口，显露囊肿。

Tail is Cut（切除囊肿的蒂）

Ganglions have a tail that attaches to the joint capsule or tendon sheath. The physician cuts this tail at its base.

      腱鞘囊肿有蒂与关节囊或腱鞘相连。医生在囊肿的基底部将蒂切断。

End of Procedure（手术结束）

The physician carefully removes the cyst, and then repairs the joint capsule or tendon sheath with sutures. The physician closes the incision in the skin and bandages the foot.

      医生仔细将囊肿切除。然后缝合修复关节囊或腱鞘。医生将皮肤的切口关闭，并用绷带将脚包扎。

Aftercare（术后护理）

Recovery time may vary depending on the location and size of the mass. If the cyst was near the ankle, it may be necessary to temporarily immobilize the joint with a splint or cast. Crutches may be required for several days or weeks. Sutures are removed 10-14 days after the procedure.

      康复时间视肿块的部位和大小而异。如果囊肿在踝关节旁边，可能需要短时间用夹板或石膏固定踝关节。术后数天或数周可能需要扶拐。术后10～14天拆线。

（胡佰文    译）