人教 | 高中英语词汇与阅读 必修三：Unit4（附音频、双语文本）
astronomy /ə'strɔnəmi/ n. 天文学
astronomer /ə'strɔnəmə/ n. 天文学家
solar /'səulə/ adj. 太阳的；日光的
system /'sistəm/ n. 系统；体系；制度
solar system 太阳系
religion /ri'lidʒən/ n. 宗教；宗教信仰
theory /'θiəri/ n. 学说；理论
Big Bang 宇宙大爆炸；创世大爆炸
atom /'ætəm/ n. 原子
billion /'biljən/ pron. & n. & adj. <英>万亿；<美>十亿
globe /ɡləub/ n. 球体；地球仪；地球
global /'ɡləubl/ adj. 全球性的；全世界的
violent /'vaiələnt/ adj. 猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的
in time 及时；终于
carbon /'kɑ:bən/ n. 碳
nitrogen /'naitrədʒən/ n. 氮
vapour /'veipə/ n. （= vapor）蒸气；水蒸气
atmosphere /'ætməsfiə/ n. 大气层；气氛
unlike /ʌn'laik/ prep. 不同；不像
fundamental /fʌndə'mentl/ adj. 基本的；基础的
presence /'prezəns/ n. 出席；到场；存在
dissolve /di'zɔlv/ vt. & vi. 溶解；解散
harmful /'hɑ:mful/ adj. 有害的
acid /'æsid/ n. 酸
chain /tʃein/ n. 链子；连锁；锁链
reaction /ri'ækʃn/ n. 反应；回应
multiply /'mʌltiplai/ vi. & vt. 乘；增加
oxygen /'ɔksidʒən/ n. 氧
shellfish /'ʃelfiʃ/ n. 水生有壳动物
amphibian /æm'fibiən/ n. 两栖动物
reptile /'reptail/ n. 爬行动物；爬虫
lay eggs 下蛋
dinosaur /'dainəsɔ:/ n. 恐龙
exist /iɡ'zist/ vi. 存在；生存
mammal /'mæml/ n. 哺乳动物
give birth to 产生；分娩 thus /ðʌs/ adv. 因此；于是
in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着
dioxide /dai'ɔksaid/ n. 二氧化物
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
prevent ... from 阻止；制止
puzzle /'pʌzl/ n. 谜；难题 vt. & vi. （使）迷惑；（使）为难
biology /bai'ɔlədʒi/ n. 生物学
biologist /bai'ɔlədʒist/ n. 生物学家
gravity /'ɡrævəti/ n. 万有引力；重力
satellite /'sætəlait/ n. 卫星；人造卫星
gentle /'dʒentl/ adj. 温和的；文雅的
geologist /dʒi'ɔlədʒist/ n. 地质学家
physicist /'fizisist/ n. 物理学家
block out 挡住（光线）
extinct /ik'stiŋkt/ adj. 灭绝的；绝种的
climate /'klaimit/ n. 气候
comet /'kɔmit/ n. 慧星
crash /kræʃ/ vi. & vt. 碰撞；坠落
Isaac Newton /'aizək 'nju:tn/ 艾萨克·牛顿 (英国科学家)
Albert Einstein /'ælbət 'ainstain/ 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦(德裔美国科学家)
Stephen Hawking /'sti:vn 'hɔ:kiŋ/ 斯蒂芬·霍金(英国科学家)
spaceship /'speisʃip/ n. 宇宙飞船
pull /pul/ n. & vt. 拉（力）；拖；牵引力
lessen /'lesən/ vi. & vt. 减少；减轻
cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋
float /fləut/ vi. & vt. （使）浮动；（使）漂浮 n. 漂浮物
weightlessly /'weitlisli/ adv. 失重地
cabin /mæs/ n. 小屋；船舱
mass /'kæbin/ n. 质量；团；块；大量；<复>群众
now that 既然
get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解
break out 突发；爆发
exhaust /iɡ'zɔ:st/ vt. 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽
watch out for 密切注视；当心；提防
No one knows exactly how the earth began, as it happened so long ago. However, according to a widely accepted theory,the universe began with a “Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions. After that,atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies.
没有人确切地知道地球是如何开始的，就像很久以前发生的那样。然而，根据一种广为接受的理论，宇宙从一个“大爆炸”开始，它把物质抛向各个方向。在那之后，原子开始形成并结合起来形成恒星和其他的身体。
For several billion years after the “Big Bang”, the earth was still just a cloud of dust. What it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago when the dust settled into a solid globe. The earth became so violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not. It exploded loudly with fire and rock. They were in time to producecarbon, nitrogen, water vapor and other gases, which were to make the earth’satmosphere. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.
数十亿年来在“大爆炸”后,地球还只是一团尘埃是什么变得不确定,直到4.5至38亿年前,当尘埃落定成固体地球。地球变得如此猛烈，以至于不清楚它的形状是否会持续下去。它以火和岩石大声爆炸。他们及时生产出了碳、氮、水蒸气和其他气体，这些气体是用来制造地球大气层的。更重要的是，随着地球的冷却，水开始出现在地表.
Water had also appeared on other planets like Mars but unlike the earth, it had disappeared later. It was not immediately obvious that water was to be fundamental to the development of life. What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas. This produced achain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.
水也曾出现在火星等其他行星上，但与地球不同的是，它后来消失了。水对生命的发展是至关重要的，这一点并不是显而易见的。许多科学家认为，水的持续存在使地球能够将有害的气体和酸溶解到海洋和海洋中。这产生了连锁反应，使生命有可能发展。
Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants began to appear on the surface of the water. They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the later development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. Next, green plants began to grow on land. They were followed in time by land animals. Some were insects. Others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the water. Later when the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time. They produced young generallyby laying eggs. After that, some huge animals, called dinosaurs, developed. They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 million years. However, 65 million years ago the age of the dinosaurs ended. Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery. This disappearance made possible the rise of mammals on the earth. These animals were different from all life forms in the past, because they gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.
数百万年之后，第一批极其微小的植物开始出现在水面上。它们在海洋和海洋中大量繁殖，使海洋和海洋充满了氧气，从而促进了早期的贝类和各种鱼类的发展。接下来，绿色植物开始在陆地上生长。他们被陆地动物跟踪。有些是昆虫。其他的被称为两栖动物，它们能够生活在陆地上，也可以生活在水里。后来，当这些植物长成森林时，爬行动物第一次出现了。他们通常通过产卵来生产。在那之后，一些巨大的动物，被称为恐龙，发展起来了。他们也在地球上放置了超过1.4亿年的蛋。然而，6500万年前恐龙时代结束了。为什么它们突然消失仍然是个谜。这种消失使得哺乳动物在地球上的崛起成为可能。这些动物不同于以往的所有生命形式，因为它们生下了小动物，并生产了牛奶来喂养它们。
Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animals, now with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth. Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet. But they are not looking after the earth very well. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, which prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space. As a result of this, many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live on. So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on whether this problem can be solved.
最后，大约在260万年前，一些聪明的小动物，现在用手和脚，出现在地球上。因此，它们就变成了地球上最重要的动物。但是他们并不是很好地照顾地球。他们在大气中排放了过多的二氧化碳，从而防止热量从地球逃逸到太空中。因此，许多科学家相信地球可能会变得太热，无法生存下去。因此，未来几百万年，地球上的生命是否会继续下去，将取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
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