吐血整理!入门版英语句子成分讲解
突然很想问一句,这么多年了,英语中的句子成分你搞清楚了吗?什么“主谓宾、定状补”这些句子成分,你们能说清楚这些句子成分吗”?来看看小编吐血整理出的入门版英语句子成分讲解,希望对尼们有帮助哈~
英语句子成分讲解
1
主语
①表明句子说的是谁或什么情况
②一般可由名词, 动名词, 动词不定式, 代词, 数词等充当
The car (主语)runs fast.
Swimming (主语)is my favorite.
To see (主语)is to believe.
She(主语) is kind.
Eight (主语)is a luky number in China.
2
谓语
①说明主语的情况(动作或状态)
②一般由及物动词和不及物动词充当
He reads(谓语) a book.
The boy likes (谓语)English.
She heard (谓语)the news.
The river flows(谓语).
The sun rises(谓语).
The horse runs(谓语).
3
宾语
①用于及物动词后称为动词宾语, 介词后称为介词宾语
②有些动词可接双宾语(即直接宾语→常指物, 和间接宾语→常指人)
③可接双宾语的动词(有 bring, buy, take, make...等等)
④宾语一般可由名词, 动名词, 动词不定式 ,代词, 数词等充当
He reads a book(宾语).
He likes swimming(宾语).
She wants to fly(宾语).
The boy runs to his mother(宾语).
He loves her(宾语).
He wants three(宾语).
He bought her(间接宾语)a coat(直接宾语).
He waits for the chance(宾语).
4
系动词
①be 动词 (be→ am,is,are,→was,were,→been)
② 半系动词 (包括stay, keep, turn, get...等等)
③ 感官系动词(眼耳鼻口手)
The food goes(系动词) bad.
The day turns(系动词) long.
He gets(系动词)angry.
He seems(系动词) ill.
5
表语
①用在系动词之后的成分
②一般可由名词, 形容词, 动名词, 动词不定式, 代词, 数词, 介词短语等充当
She is a doctor(表语).
The cloth feels soft(表语).
His favorite sport is running(表语).
The helper is him(表语).
Your task is to find out the cost(表语).
The lucky number in China is eight(表语).
She isin the room(表语).
6
定语
①用来修饰或限制名词或代词的成分
②一般可由 形容词, 非谓语动词, 名词, 数词, 冠词, 介词短语等充当
Nice (定语)girl;
something to eat(定语);
sleeping(定语) baby;
three(定语)cups
Burnt (定语)food ;
cat in the room(定语)
shoe(定语) shop ;
7
状语
①用来修饰动词, 形容词, 副词 或 整个句子的成分
②一般可由 副词 或 介词短语 充当
Walk slowly(状语);
very (状语)good;
quite(状语)well;
He lives there for ten years(状语).
8
补语
①一般包括宾语补足语和主语补足语
②补充说明宾语或主语 做(干)……, 或是……
③是一般由动词、非谓语动词或形容词,名词充当
She encouraged her students to study hard(补语).
He gets the floor clean(补语).
He saw a bird flying over his head(补语).
She thinks him a good teacher(补语).
9
同位语
①处于与中心词同一地位的成分, 补充说明或强调中心词的性质身份等
②一般可由反身代词,名词充当
Our teacher, Miss Gao(同位语), is kind.
He, himself(同位语) will go there.
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