洗护衣服的14个误区 来看看你中了几个？
用热水洗T恤和牛仔裤、洗衣服不拉拉链、放太多洗衣液、没清洗就把过季衣服收起来……你平时也是这么干的吗？难怪你的衣服穿不了几次就变形啦！
下面这些洗护习惯看似无害，其实最毁衣服，快来学习一下吧！
01
没有给脏衣服按程度分类
You're not sorting your laundry by dirtiness.
你很可能已经听说过，应该按颜色深浅来给要洗的衣服分类，但你还应该按脏的程度来给要洗的衣服分类。
You probably have heard that sorting your laundry into darks and lights is a good idea, but you should also be separating your clothing by soil level.
内布拉斯加大学林肯分校称，应该把特别脏的衣服同只有一点脏的衣服分开来洗，以免让相对干净的衣服在清洗时沾染上更多尘垢。这会让白色的衣服洗完发灰或发黄，让有颜色的衣服显得脏兮兮的。
According to the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, washing heavily soiled items separately from lightly soiled ones will keep relatively clean clothes from picking up extra grime from the wash water. This transfer of soil can lead whites to take on a grey or yellow tinge and colored items may become dingy.
dingy['dɪndʒi]: adj. 昏暗的；肮脏的
02
用热水洗T恤和牛仔裤
You're washing your t-shirts and jeans in hot water.
你也许知道用烘干机会让衣服缩水，但是衣服机洗也会缩水。Laundry Care网站称，棉和羊毛等天然纤维在受热后就容易缩水，包括热水浸泡、蒸汽烫甚至太阳直射。实际上，棉织物在制作过程中经过了拉伸，受热后则会回到自然尺寸。
You might know that clothing can shrink in the dryer, but it's also very possible for items to shrink in the washing machine as well. According to Laundry Care, natural fibers like cotton and wool are especially prone to shrinkage when exposed to any sort of heat, including warm water, steam, and even direct sunlight. Cotton fabric is actually stretched during manufacturing and exposure to heat causes the garment to return to its natural size.
这意味着将你的棉T恤和牛仔裤（是的，牛仔布的原料也是棉）放到洗衣机里用热水洗会导致一定程度的缩水，除非衣服上标有“预缩水处理”或“预洗”。为了防止缩水，你应该坚持用凉水或冷水洗棉质衣服，然后自然风干。
This means that throwing your cotton t-shirts and jeans (yes, denim is actually made of cotton) in the washing machine on a hot cycle will likely lead to some level of shrinking unless the garment is advertised as being "pre-shrunk" or "pre-washed." To combat this effect, you should always wash your cotton items in cool or cold water and allow them to air dry.
03
洗衣服前没有拉上拉链
You don't zip clothing up before washing it.
拉链会在洗衣机里兴风作浪。拉链可能破掉，或损坏洗衣机内壁，而且尖锐的金属齿可能会卡在面料或蕾丝上，刮坏扯破娇贵的衣服。为了避免这种情况发生，有拉链的衣服一定要拉上拉链再放入洗衣机。最好是手洗这些带拉链的衣服。
Zippers can actually wreak havoc in your washing machine. Not only can the zipper itself break or damage the drum of your machine, but the sharp metal teeth of the zipper can snag on fabric or lace and ruin your delicate items. To avoid this, be sure to zip up any clothing item with a zipper before tossing it in the washing machine. Better yet, opt for hand-washing these items.
havoc['hævək]: n. 大破坏；浩劫；蹂躏
04
做饭时从来不穿围裙
You never wear an apron while cooking.
染上污点的衣服肯定不好看，但如果你在厨房里不穿围裙，你的衣服就很容易沾上脏东西。尽管穿围裙看起来很守旧，但是可以保护你珍爱的衣服不被油污或酱汁毁掉。
Stained clothing is never a good look, but that's just what you'll get if you never wear an apron in the kitchen. Though it seems old fashioned, wearing an apron will protect your precious wardrobe from being massacred by stray drops of oil or smears of sauce.
massacre['mæsəkɚ]: v. 屠杀；彻底击败；彻底破坏
05
用衣架将毛衣挂在衣柜里
You hang your sweaters up in the closet.
像挂普通衬衫一样把毛衣挂起来，时间久了就会给毛衣造成实质伤害。这是因为毛衣通常是由比较厚重的材料制成的，如果挂在衣架上，本身重量会造成毛衣拉伸变形。
Hanging your sweaters up like you would a regular shirt can actually damage them over time. That's because sweaters are usually made of heavy material and can stretch out under their own weight if placed on a hanger.
为了避免毛衣肩部突起，或颈部下垂，可以试试Snapguide网站介绍的这个挂衣服的技巧：将毛衣对半折，让两个袖子相叠。然后用金属钩的衣架放在对折的毛衣腋窝处。让衣身垂到衣架的一侧，让袖子垂到衣架的另一侧。现在你可以放心地将毛衣挂起来，不用担心衣服被拉伸。
To avoid bumps in your sweaters' shoulders and saggy necklines, try this hanging trick, courtesy of Snapguide: fold your sweater in half lengthwise, so that the arms match up over each other. Next, place a hanger with the metal hook in the "armpit" of the folded sweater. Then, simply fold the torso of the sweater over one side of the hanger and then fold the sleeves over the other side. You can now hang your sweaters without worrying about stretching them.
06
擦掉污渍而不是吸掉污渍
You wipe stains instead of blotting.
下一次你将东西泼到衣服上，不要急着把污点抹去。据Better Homes & Gardens网站介绍，吸走污渍是去除污渍的最佳方式。这是因为摩擦会让污渍深入面料纤维，可能甚至会产生足够的热量将污渍固定在面料上。
The next time you spill something on yourself, don't just start swiping at the offending spot. As Better Homes & Gardens suggested, blotting at stains is actually the best way to avoid permanent discoloration. This is because rubbing actually works the substance into fabric fibers and may even create enough heat to chemically bond the stain to the fabric.
你不但不能擦，而且应该立刻用温和的方法从外围向中心一点点吸走污渍。如果可能的话，用冷水在污渍处轻拍，然后一定要尽快将衣服拿去清洗或送去干洗店。
Instead of wiping, immediately and gently blot around the outside of the stain, working towards the center. If possible, use cool water to dab at the stain and be sure to get the item into the laundry or to a dry cleaner as soon as possible.
07
没有清洗就将过季的衣服收起来
You store your out-of-season clothes without cleaning them first.
蛀虫最喜欢啃噬储存方法不当的衣服，但你可以先洗干净再收起来，这样就可以保护衣服不被蛀虫破坏。
Moths are notorious for munching their way through improperly stored clothing, but you can actually help protect your garments from becoming moth snacks by washing them before storing them away.
Laundry Care网站解释道，将未清洗的衣服收起来会滋生蛀虫，因为衣服上残留的污渍、皮屑或毛发会滋养幼虫。把衣服洗干净后放进密封的袋子或箱子里有助于隔离蛀虫。
As Laundry Care explained, storing unwashed clothes can actually encourage a moth infestation because larvae can be nourished by stain residue, skin, or hair left behind on clothing. Washing your clothes before storing them in an airtight container will help discourage moth activity.
larvae['lɑrvi]: n. 幼虫，幼体（larva 的复数）
residue['rɛzɪdu]: n. 残渣；剩余；滤渣
08
用衣物柔顺剂清洗健身装备或运动休闲服
You wash your workout gear or athleisure items with fabric conditioner.
护发素可以让你的头发保持美丽，衣物柔顺剂也能让你的衣服看起来蓬松柔软。但不是每一种面料都适合柔顺剂，事实上有些衣服会因柔顺剂而受损。
Just like conditioner can help keep your hair looking its best, fabric conditioner can also make your garments enticingly fluffy and soft. But not every type of fabric plays well with conditioner - some can actually be damaged by it.
Laundry Care网站称，大多数现代运动服都是用特殊面料制成的，这种面料会带走皮肤表面的汗水，让你保持干爽。不幸的是，衣物柔顺剂会在面料上留下一层膜，锁住汗水和细菌，导致运动服长时间散发着挥之不去的臭味，面料的除湿功能也因此而丧失了。
According to Laundry Care, most modern athletic clothing is designed using a special fabric that wicks moisture away from the skin to keep you cool and dry as you sweat. Unfortunately, fabric conditioner leaves behind a film that coats this material and locks in sweat and bacteria, leading to permanent, lingering odor and canceling out its moisture-wicking properties.
wick[wɪk]: vt. 依靠毛细作用带走
09
洗衣服放多少洗衣液（洗衣粉）没有度
You just eyeball the amount of detergent you add to your laundry.
洗衣液瓶上标出的分量指示不是平白无故的。汰渍公司指出，事实上放太多洗衣粉（洗衣液）会让你的衣服洗完后比没洗时看起来更糟。
The measuring instructions on that detergent bottle are there for a reason. As Tide pointed out, adding too much laundry detergent can actually make your clothes come out of the washing machine looking worse than when they went in.
这是因为水中过量的泡沫给衣服起到缓冲作用，阻止衣服互相摩擦。实际上这种摩擦作用才能帮助衣服去污。放太多洗衣液（洗衣粉）还会导致袖口和接缝等一些不容易漂洗干净的部位有化学残留。
That's because too many suds in the water can cushion clothes and prevent them from rubbing together. That rubbing action is actually what helps garments release stains and get clean. Splashing in too much detergent can also lead to excess product in areas that don't easily rinse clean, like cuffs and seams.
suds[sʌdz]: n. 肥皂水；泡沫
10
洗毛衣前没有先翻面
You're washing your sweaters without doing this first.
CottonWorks网站称，你应该总是将毛衣反面洗涤，防止起球。清洗时的摩擦会让羊毛、棉等面料的织物互相摩擦产生难看的毛球。事实上，如果你用显微镜来看羊毛纤维，你会看到纤维实际上被小鳞片覆盖。这些鳞片会彼此纠结在一起，起球就是这么产生的。所以在洗毛衣前记得先翻面。
According to CottonWorks, you should always wash your sweaters inside out to prevent pilling. The rubbing that occurs during washing can cause textiles like wool and cotton to rub against each other and bunch up, creating unsightly pills. In fact, if you looked at wool fibers under a microscope, you'd see that they're actually covered in tiny scales. These scales can catch on each other and cause pilling, so flip your sweaters inside out before cleaning them.
pilling['pɪlɪŋ]: n. 起毛粒，起毬
11
将泳衣放入烘干机内
You toss your bathing suit in the dryer.
一般情况下，蕾丝、丝绸和缀珠面料都不能放入烘干机，而应该平摊放在架子上晾干。泳衣的弹性会因受热而损坏，因此泳衣也应该放在晾衣架上晾干。文胸、内衣等娇贵服饰最好是手洗，但你也可以将它们放在网眼洗衣袋中机洗，保护这些衣服不被撕坏或缠绕在一起。
As a general rule, lace, silk, and beaded fabrics should stay out of the dryer and be laid flat to dry on a rack. The elasticity of swimwear can also be destroyed by heat, so dry your bathing suit on a rack as well. Hand-washing delicate items like bras and underwear is best, but you can also place them in a mesh laundry bag that will protect them from tangles and tears in the washing machine.
12
用的洗衣液（洗衣粉）不合适
You're using the wrong kind of detergent.
如果你有一台高效洗衣机，你需要使用正确的洗衣产品。这类洗衣机更节能省水，所以最好和低泡高效洗衣液结合使用。
If you have a HE (High Efficiency) washing machine, you need to use the right kind of laundry soap. These types of washing machines use less energy and water to get your clothes clean, so they work best with low-sudsing HE detergent.
The Spruce网站称，事实上在高效洗衣机里用传统洗衣液会阻止衣服被彻底清洁，可能会导致衣服内有洗衣液残留物。选购那些瓶子上有高效标志的洗衣液，确保你用的洗衣产品适合你的衣服和洗衣机。
According to The Spruce, using conventional detergent in a HE machine can actually stop your clothes from being thoroughly cleaned and might result in detergent residue in your garments. Look for the HE logo on the detergent bottle to be sure you're using the best product for your clothes and machine.
13
你不知道衣服水洗标上的符号都代表什么
You don't actually know what those symbols on clothing care labels mean.
不言而喻，合理地养护衣服会保持衣服的良好外观，延长衣服的使用寿命。但因为衣服护理标签上的符号看起来更像是象形文字，所以正确养护衣服是说着容易做着难。
It should go without saying, but properly caring for a garment will help preserve its good looks and durability. But as the symbols on garment care labels can look more like hieroglyphics than instructions, treating your clothing right might be more easily said than done.
在你撕掉让你皮肤发痒的衣服标签前，先看看上面的符号都是什么意思。衣服标签能告诉你，衣服的面料采用的是哪种纤维或混合材质，是否能机洗，以及是否能被熨烫或漂白。
Before you snip off an itchy care label, read up on what those symbols actually mean. The label should tell you what kind of fiber or blend the garment is made, whether or not it can be machine-washed, and if it can withstand an iron or bleach.
hieroglyphic[,haɪərə'glɪfɪk]: n. 用象形文字写的东西；潦草难懂的符号（或文字）；似象形文字的东西
下图能帮你认识这些符号：
14
把汗水浸透的健身服长时间搁置
You let your damp gym clothes sit around.
出一身汗对你的身体很有好处，但对你的衣服却不是如此。千万不要把汗湿的健身衣服扔在一边，因为长时间搁置后即使洗过后也去不掉衣服上的汗臭味和霉菌。《纽约时报》建议尽快将脏掉的健身服拿去清洗，并建议用运动服专用洗衣液来去除任何难闻的臭味。
Working up a sweat is great for you, but not for your clothes. Never let your gym clothes sit around while they're damp, as that's a sure-fire recipe for odor and mildew that might linger even after a wash cycle. The New York Times suggested washing your dirty gym gear as soon as possible and using a sports detergent to eliminate any offensive smells.
mildew['mɪldu]: n. 霉；霉病
来源：中国日报网英语点津 编辑：陈丹妮
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