想在BMJ上的发表meta分析吗,点进去?
常规大家都认为只有高大上的RCT研究的meta分析才能发高分的杂志。观察性研究的meta分析只能发个低分的杂志。事实是这样的吗?显然不是,今天和大家分享和学习的就是一篇发表在高大上的英国医学杂志,BMJ上的一篇meta分析,这篇meta分析分析了谵妄和ICU患者的预后。下面就让我们一起学习学习吧。
背景:这里就不详细介绍,还是按常规套路出牌的,首先讲了ICU患者谵妄的发生率越来越高,不断有临床研究得出谵妄和ICU患者的预后有关系,但是目前还没有达成共识,也没有相应的meta分析对其进行总结和分析。
方法:
1. Data sources and study selection(检索数据库和研究的选择)
方法学标准: Meta-analysis Of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) group.(规范更重要)
数据库:PubMed (1966-2015), Embase (1974-2015), CINAHL (1982-2015), the Cochrane Library (2015), and PsychINFO (up to 2015).
检索词: delirium, acute confusional state, encephalopathy, organic brain syndrome, brain dysfunction, brain failure which were cross-referenced to the terms intensive care, intensive care unit, ICU, critical care, critical illness, critically ill, sepsis, acute respiratory distress, multiple organ system failure, and mechanical ventilation (附件列出了详细的检索策略).
纳入标准:
1.全文发表,full length reports published in peer reviewed journals
2.前瞻性观察性研究,大于16岁的入住ICU的患者,prospective observational cohorts or clinical trials of adult patients (aged >16) admitted to an intensive care unit
3.谵妄是经过已经验证过的工具进行评估,patients were evaluated for delirium with a validated screening or diagnostic instrument: confusion assessment method (CAM) 29 , confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU) 17 , intensive care delirium screening checklist (ICDSC) 30 , diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders 4th and 3th edition (DSM-IV and DSM-III) 2 , and the Neelon and Champagne (NEECHAM) confusion scale 31
4.结局指标,the relation between delirium and at least one of the following outcomes was reported: death in the intensive care unit or in hospital, length of stay in the intensive care unit or in hospital, duration of mechanical ventilation, or any outcome after hospital discharge.
其实纳入标准基本按照之前公众号所介绍的PICO(patients,intervention,control,outcome)原则。
排除标准:(We excluded articles if they did not have a control group of patients without delirium; if they were case studies or case series; if most enrolled patients (or the largest subgroup) had a primary central nervous system disorder (stroke, traumatic brain injury, central nervous system infections, brain tumors, recent intracranial surgery); if most enrolled patients were undergoing cardiac surgery or organ/tissue transplantation
(patient subsets associated with pathophysiologically distinct forms of acute brain dysfunction); if most enrolled patients were experiencing alcohol or substance withdrawal; or if the primary study endpoint was the comparative efficacy or safety of different sedative drugs. RDS, JIFS, and AD screened citations identified by the initial search and selected poten -tially relevant titles for review of abstracts. From
these, RDS, JIFS, and RBS then chose articles for review of full length reports. Figure 1 shows the study selection process.)由此可见,要想发表高影响因子的meta分析,过程一定要严谨。
数据的提取以及文献质量的评估,Data extraction and study quality assessment
这个部分没有什么过多需要注意的, 原文也是按套路出牌,三个作者独立提取数据,同时使用Newcastle-Ottawa Scale 量表对文献质量进行评估。
统计:
关于统计部分,本文也没有使用什么高大上的统计,常规使用了二分类变量和连续性变量的统计知识,没有异质性使用固定效应模型,存在异质性则使用随机效应模型。同时使用了Egger方法对发表偏移进行检验,非要说是高大上就是使用了meta回归对异质性进行探索。
结果:
由以上几张图我们可以看出,ICU谵妄是会增加ICU患者死亡率的,增加ICU和总住院时间以及呼吸机使用时间的。同时经过meta回归校正疾病严重程度之后,结局仍然具有统计学意义。
讨论:无特殊之处,主要总结了本研究结果,以及研究的优缺点。
小编按语:无论做任何研究,只要严谨,而且具有一定的临床意义,都不要放弃发表高影响因子的期刊。其实发表高影响因子期刊,当然需要一定的临床意义,但是在一定程度上强调是你的研究的严谨性,像本篇文献,其实并不是很出奇,选题具有一定临床意义,在整个过程中也没有什么很夺人眼球的点,包括统计都是很普通的方法,但是为什么能发这么高的影响因子,就是因为严谨。他将这个过程讲的很清楚,而且都是写了出来,版面不够,就用附件,这足以说服审稿专家以及编辑这篇文献的真实性。在这里,突然想起小编研究生恩师(浙江大学医学院附属第二医院急诊医学科张茂主任)经常对学生讲的一句话“做科研和做临床是相通的,需要严谨性、科学性”。
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