什么是美国移民中的NIW？
国家利益豁免绿卡申请问题
关于各位移友们关注的问题，我们整理了以下Q&A供大家参考了解。
1. How do I qualify for the National Interest Waiver (NIW)?
我如何获得国家利益豁免 (NIW)？
Step 1 第一步 （符合EB2基本要素）
You must be in the employment-based, second preference (EB-2) category by 1) holding an advanced degree OR 2) being a foreign national of exceptional ability in sciences, arts or business.
NIW是美国优秀人才移民EB-2的一种。您必须先符合职业移民第二优先 (EB-2) 的条件：1) 持有高级学位的专业人士；或 2) 在科学、艺术或商业领域具有卓越能力。
An advanced degree is a master’s degree or higher, a bachelor’s degree plus 5 years of progressive work experience, or the equivalent.
高级学位是特指硕士学位或更高学位，或 学士学位加上 持续 5 年工作经验。
To be considered a person of exceptional ability, you must meet at least 3 of the following criteria:
要被视为具有卓越能力，您必须满足以下 7 个条件中至少 3 条：
Degree/diploma/certificate relating to area of exceptional ability;
与特殊能力领域相关的学位/文凭/证书；
Letter from current or former employer(s) showing at least 10 years of full-time experience;
现任或前任雇主的信函，表明至少有 10 年全职工作经验；
License/certification to practice profession;
执业执照/从业证书；
Salary or other remuneration demonstrating exceptional ability;
薪水或其他报酬证明特殊能力；
Membership in a professional association;
专业协会会员资格；
Recognition for achievements and significant contributions to the industry or field by peers, governmental entities, or professional/business organizations;
你的同行、政府或专业/商业组织认可您在行业/领域的成就和重大贡献；
Other comparable evidence of eligibility.
其他资格证明。
Step 2 第二步（NIW特定要素Dhanasar案例）
Then you must meet the following 3 criteria:
再者，您必须满足以下3个条件：
Your proposed endeavor has both substantial merit and national importance (e.g., significant economic impact, furtherance of human knowledge, contributions go beyond benefitting your company/employer (should impact the entire field and industry nationwide), etc.).
您提议的工作必须具有重大价值和国家层面的重要性（例如，显著的经济影响、促进人类知识、贡献超出公司/雇主利益（应该影响全国的整个领域和行业）等）。
You are well positioned to advance the proposed endeavor (e.g., education, skills, knowledge, record of success in related or similar efforts, detailed model/plan for future activities, progress toward achieving the endeavor, interests of potential customers, users, investors, or other relevant entities or individuals, etc.).
您有能力推进所提议的工作（例如，学历、技能、知识、相关或类似的成功案例、未来工作的详细模型/计划、实现工作的进展、客户、用户、投资者或其他相关机构的支持等）。
On balance, it would be beneficial to the United States to waive the job offer and labor certification requirements (e.g., unique knowledge/skills, entrepreneurship that does not require a job offer, the United States would benefit from your contributions, the labor certification (PERM) process would cause unnecessary delays to your plan, urgent need for your contributions, etc.).
总括而言， 您必须证明免除劳工证要求和允许自雇对美国是有利的（例如，独特的知识/技能、不需要工作机会的企业家精神、贡献对美国有利无害、劳工证明申请流程会造成不必要的延误、美国需要此贡献等）。
2. Can the labor certification (PERM) be waived? 劳工证（PERM）可以豁免吗？
Yes.
可以。
3. Self-employed is allowed, correct?
可以自雇， 对吗？
Correct. But you must intend to pursue work in the United States in the field/industry mentioned in the NIW.
对， 但您必须根据 NIW 中提到的本领域/行业在美国从事工作。
4. What types of positions would qualify for NIW? 哪些职位有资格获得 NIW？
Approved cases have involved, but not limited to, the following positions: computer scientists; software developers (e.g., developmental impact/benefits are felt nationwide and have a positive effect on the economy, technology, and security); engineers; entrepreneurs (e.g., a developer of a natural pesticide free biostimulant); researchers in the medical field (e.g., a cancer treatment specialist/researcher); mathematician, etc.
获批案件涉及，但不限于以下职位：计算机科学家；软件开发人员（例如，具有全国性的影响力，并对经济、技术和安全产生正面影响）；工程师；企业家（例如，天然无农药生物刺激剂的开发商）；医学领域的研究人员（例如，癌症治疗专家/研究人员）；数学家等。
5. What are types of evidentiary support that we can provide?
我们可以提供哪些证明？
Citations to published articles, letters of recommendations from peers, experts, and/or government entities, detailed business plan specifying work in the United States, extensive media coverage, evidence of implementation of program/plan, etc.
对已发表文章的引用，同行、专家和/或政府的推荐信，详细赴美商业计划，媒体报道，计划实施证据等。
6. Is premium processing available?
申请可以加急吗？
No.
不能。EB-2不能像EB-1（杰出人才）那样申请15天加急处理。I-140申请通常审理周期在6-10个月左右，拿到移民局的受理号即为排期的优先日。目前签证排期不到3年，由于配额增加，预计后期会更快。
7. May I concurrently file the I-485 green card application? 我同时递交I-485绿卡申请表格吗？
You must check the Visa Bulletin.
您需要留意排期/签证公告（Visa Bulletin）。 在I-140获得移民局批准后，如果申请人在美国境内且B表开放，是可以在美国境内提交I-485调整绿卡身份申请操作的。
8. May my spouse and children apply for a green card/immigrant visa with me?
我的配偶和孩子可以跟我一起申请绿卡吗？
Yes. Your children must be under 21 years old and unmarried.
可以，小孩必须是21岁以下和未婚。
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