仁爱版七年级英语下全册知识点精讲
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| 音美 | 道德与法治 | 中学生辅导 |
Unit 5 Our school life
Unit 6 Our local area
Review of Units 5-6
Unit 7 The birthday party
Unit 8 The seasons and the weather
Review of Units 7-8
课文注释
语法大全
单词表
扫码看全册教学视频
知识点总结
Unit 5 Topic1
重点语法 一般现在时（常与频度副词never, seldom, sometimes, often,usually, always等连用）
重点句型 —How do you usually come to school?
—I usually come to school by subway.
—How often do you go to the library?
—Once/Twice/Three times a week/Very often/Every day/Sedom
重点详解
1.I always come to school by bus.
by+交通工具名称，表示使用某种交通方式，中间不加限定词，如果交通工具前有a, the, my等限定词，就不能用by,而是用in或是on.
on the train=by train on his bike=by bike in my car=by car.
巧辩异同 on foot 与 walk on foot “走路”，是介词短语，不能作谓语，只作方式状语，位于句末。walk “走路”,是动词，可以作谓语。
go to…on foot= walk to I often go to school on foot. =I often walk to school.
同样，go to….by bike = ride a bike to go to…. by car = drive a car to
go to … by plane = fly to go to… by bus = take a bus to
2 .Come on! It’s time for class. come on “快点，加油，来吧”。
It’s time for sth. “该做某事了”，与 It’s time to do sth.意思一样。
3 .look的短语 look the same看起来一样 look like看起来像……
look for寻找 look after 照顾
4 .do my homework at school 在学校做作业
do one’s homework 做家庭作业（注意：one’s 要随主语的变化而变化，常用形容词性物主代词my, your, their, our, his, her等）。
5 we want to know about the school life of American students. 我们想了解一下美国学生的学校生活。
know about “了解，知道关于…”。
6 巧辩异同 a few与few a few “一些”，few“很少，几乎没有”，修饰可数名词。
a little与little a little“一些”，little“很少，几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词。
7 They often play basketball or soccer, go swimming and so on.
go swimming 去游泳 and so on “等等”，表示还有很多。
拓展 go+v.-ing 表示去做某事，类似的有： go fishing 去钓鱼 go shopping 去买东西 go boating 去划船 go skating 去滑冰
8 How often do you go to the library? 你多久去一次图书馆？
how often“多久一次”，问频率。答语常用频度副词never, always,often等或单位时间内的次数once a week一周一次 twice a month每月两次three times a year每年三次
语法讲解 一般现在时
一般现在时表示：
（1）现在所处的状态。Jane is at school.
（2）经常或习惯性的动作。I often go to school by bus.
（3）主语具备的性格和能力。He likes playing football.
（4）客观真理。The earth goes round the sun.
常用的时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等等。
行为动词的一般现在时，助动词是do/don’t和does/doesn’t.当主语是第一、二人称和所有复数形式时，行为动词用原形。
肯定式：I go to school on foot. 否定式：I don’t go to school on foot.
疑问式：Do you go to school on foot? —Yes, I do. —No, I don’t.
当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s或-es。
肯定式：He goes to work by bus. 否定式：He doesn’t go to work by bus.
疑问式：Does he go to work by bus? —Yes, he does. —No, he doesn’t.
Topic2
重点语法 现在进行时态。
重点句型 What are you doing? He is cleaning the dormitory.
Are you doing your homework? Yes, I am./No, I am not.
How long can I keep them? Two weeks.
重点详解
1 at the moment“此刻，现在”,相当于now.
2 巧辩异同 go to sleep与go to bed
① go to bed“上床”“就寝”I often go to bed at ten.
② go to sleep“入睡”“睡着”Last night I went to sleep at two o’clock.
3 巧辩异同some, a few 与a little “一些，有些”三者都修饰名词。
some既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词。
We want some apples and some water.
a few用在可数名词复数之前，a little用在不可数名词之前。
There are a few books and a little waterin the classroom.
4 与how相关的短语 how often多常 how many多少 how much多少钱 how old多大
5 And you must return them on time.你必须按时归还它们。Return意为“归还，回归”
① return sth. to sb.把某物归还某人=give back sth. to sb.
② return to“回到…”，相当于come back to…
6 Maria and a girl are talking at the lost and found.
talk“交谈”，常用的短语talk to/with sb.“与某人交谈”
巧辩异同talk, say, speak与tell
(1) talk“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。
(2) speak“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。
(3) say “说”，强调所说的话的内容。
(4) tell“告诉”，有时兼含“嘱咐”“命令”等。tell a truth说真话，tell a lie说谎, tell a story 讲故事等固定搭配。
7.I can’t find my purse and I am looking for it. look for“寻找”，强调寻找的过程； find“找到”强调找的结果。
8 .look(at), see与 read look(at)指看的动作，see指看的结果，read常指看书、看报纸等。
9 .Here are some photos of his.这有他的一些照片。
photos of his是双重所有格。his是名词性物主代词，后还可以接名词所有格。a friend of mine我的一个朋友 a classmate of my brother’s我弟弟的一个同学
10 .I also want to go there one day.我也希望有一天到那儿。
also意为“也”，常用于be动词和情态动词后面，实义动词的前面。
巧辩异同 also与too also放在句中，too用于句末。
语法讲解 现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示：现在正在进行或发生的动作。
2.常用的时间状语：now, at the moment, look, listen等。
3.谓语动词构成：be(am/is/are)+v.-ing形式。
4.现在进行时态的肯定、否定和疑问式。
（1）肯定式：I am running. You are running. He/She is running.
（2）否定式：I’m not running. You aren’t running. He/She isn’t running.
（3）一般疑问句及回答：—Are you running? —Yes, I am./—No, I am not.
—Is he/she running? —Yes, he/she is./ —No. he/she isn’t.
Topic3
重点语法 一般现在时和现在进行时的使用和异同。
重点句型 What day is ti today? It’s Wednesday.
Why do you like it? it’s easy and interesting.
What class are they having? They are having a music class.
重点详解
1 询问星期几用What day…？回答：It’s Wednesday/Sunday…。
与特殊疑问句词what有关的短语：
what class什么班 what color什么颜色 what time几点 what date几号（日期）
2 How many lessons does he have every weekday?
How many+可数名词的复数形式；How much+不可数名词。
3 一个星期的第一天是Sunday, 在星期几前用介词on, 在具体点钟前用at.
4 learning about the past了解过去 learn about了解
拓展 learn from向……学习 learn by oneself自学
5 What do you think of …? = How do you like…?你认为……怎么样？
6 —Why? —Because it’s interesting. 用why提问必须用because回答。
7 Which subject do you like best?你最喜欢什么科目？
like best最喜欢，可用favorite“特别喜爱的”转换。
8 be friendly to sb. 对某人友好
9 I can learn a lot from it.我能从中学到很多东西。
(1) learn…from“从……学习”。
(2) a lot = much“许多”，后接宾语时要说a lot of 也可以表示“非常，十分”。
Unit6 Topic1
重点语法 There be 句型和方位介词短语。
重点句型 There are two bedrooms and a a small study.
There is a lamp, a computer, some books and so on.
—Is there a computer in your study? —Yes, there is.
Don't put them here. Put them away.
重点讲解
1 It’s on the second floor.
在哪一层楼，用介词on。on表示在……上面。second是序数词，前面要用定冠词the, 意为第二（的）。
巧辩异同 two与second
two是基数词，second是序数词，“第二”或“第二的”，指排列顺序。
2 in 在……里面，是方位介词。in the box in the classroom
Is there…? 表示某地存在……吗？其肯定回答是：Yes, there is. 否定回答No, there isn’t.它的复数形式为Are there…? 其肯定回答是：Yes, there are. 否定回答No, there aren’t.
3 巧辩异同 there be与 have
(1) there be“有”，指（某地）存在“有”。
(2) have“有”，指人或某物“拥有”。The is a dog in the picture. The dog has two big eyes.
注：there be 遵循就近原则。be 用is还是are，取决于离该动词最近的那个名词。如果该名词是单数或不可数名词就用is，如果是复数就用are。
4 have a look看看。后面接名词时要用at. 如have a look at your watch.
5 talk about“谈论，议论”，后接名词或动名词。
talk with/to “与某人交谈”
6 用来询问某地有某物，其结构为：What’s+介词短语，回答时应用there be句型。
7 play with“和……玩耍”，“玩” play with sb. “与某人一起玩”
8 put away 把……放好
9 look after“保管，照顾”，相当于take care of.
look at看…… look like看起来像…… look for寻找 look the same看起来一样
10 巧辩异同in the tree与on the tree
(1) in the tree 指外来物体在树上。
(2) on the tree树木本身长出来的花、树叶等。
11 巧辩异同like doing与like to do
like doing 表示经经常性或习惯性的兴趣、爱好。与love doing相似。
like to do 表示偶尔的、一次性的喜欢。与love to do相似。
12 I’m very glad to get a letter from you.我很高兴收到你的来信。
get a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信＝hear from sb.
Topic2
重点语法 There be 句型 Wh-questions
重点句型 What’s your home like? What’s the matter?
Sorry, I can’t hear you. I’ll get someone to check it right now.
There is something wrong with my kitchen fan.
重点讲解
1 house with three bedrooms.有三间卧室的房子。 with “有，带有”。
With还可以意为“和（某人/某物）在一起”
2 apartment for a family of two.适合两口之家的公寓。
(1) for表示“给……”表示目的或功能。后接物主代词或名词，但通常带’s.或者后接表示无生命物体的名词。Here is a letter for you.
(2)of的含义为“属于某人/某事物”。She is a friend of Lily’s. = Shes is Lily’s friend.
3 What’s the matter?怎么了？该句常用来询问某或某物出了什么什么问题或毛病；询问具体某人或某物出了什么问题时，还可以表达为：What’s the matter with sb./sth.某人或某物出了什么毛病。 What’s the matter? = What’s wrong?
4 I hear you playing the piano.我听见你在弹钢琴。
hear…doing sth.“听见……在做某事”，强调正在进行的动作。
hear…do sth.“听见……做了某事”，强调全过程。
hear about sth.听到关于某事物的消息 hear from sb.接到某人的来信、电话等
hear of sb./sth.听到或知道某人或某事物的情况
5 a lot of = lots of许多 后接可数名词，相当于many；后接不可数名词，相当于much,用于肯定句中；但是注意：如果是否定句，刚常用many或much.
6 be far from… 离……远（抽象距离） be…away from…离……远（具体距离）
My school is not far from the bookstore. The sea is 2 miles away from the hotel.
7 There is something wrong with sb./sth.某人或某物出问题/有毛病了。
8 I’ll get someone to check it right now.我马上派人去检查。
get sb. to do sth.使某人做某事 someone=somebody某人
right now= at once= right away马上，立刻
语法讲解 There be…（表示“有”）用法
1.“There + be+主语+地点状语”表示“某处有某物”；地点状语也可放在句首，有时可用“，”与后面的部分隔开。There are some pictures on the wall.=On the wall, there are some pictures.
2.它的疑问形式是将“be”提到“there”之前。 Are thery any books on the desk?
3. 它的否定形式是在“be”后加“not”.
4. There be如果后面接两个名词作主语，那么“be”的人称和数与邻近的名词一致。
Topic3
重点语法 特殊疑问句和问路、指路的方式。
重点句型 —Excuse me, how can I get to … —Go along… and turn left at the first street.
Be careful! Don't play on the street.
重点讲解
1 go up “沿着……走”与它相近的词有go along/down
2 get to 到达，后接地点名词 get to =reach=arrive in/at
与get有关的短语： get in 收获 get on上车 get off下车
get out出去 get out of从……出来 get up起床
3 across from 在……对面
4 It’s good to help children and old people to cross the road.帮助孩子和老人过马路是一种助人为乐的行为。It’s good to do sth.做某事是助人为乐的行为。
5 on the corner of = at the corner of “在……拐角处”，表示在某一地方或建筑物外面的拐角处。in the corner of 表示在某一建筑物内的拐角处。
6 有关come的短语
come to 来到 come form来自于…… come on 加油，赶快 come in 进来
come out 出来 come down下来 come back回来
Unit7 Topic1
重点语法 掌握be动词的一般过去式。
重点句型 —Were you born in Hebei? Yes, I was./ No, I wasn’t.
—When was your daughter born? —She was born on October 22nd, 1996.
What's the shape of your present? What does it look like?
How long/wide is it? What do we use it for? We use it to study English.
重点讲解
1 英语中日期可以有两种表达法：
(1)月日，年。May 1st,2008 (2)日月，年。1st May,2008
2 plan to do sth.计划做某事 plan for sth.某事订计划
3 基数词变序数词的规律：
基变序，有规律，五、十二ve用f替再加th
一二三，特殊记，整几十改y为ie再加th
八去t九去e再加th，几十几只改个位就可以。
4 表示确切“几百”时，hundred后面不加“s”，但表示不确定数目的“数以百计”时，hundred后面应加“s”，用“hundreds of”表示。
three hundred students三百名学生 hundreds of students几百名学生
5 英语中表达物体的长、宽、高，先说数字，再说单位，最后加上一个表示长、宽、高的形容词。“．”读做“point”。 6.4米长 six point four meters long
6 What do we use it for?我们用它来做什么?
use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事. = use sth. for doing sth.
语法讲解 be动词的一般过去时
1. be动词的一般过去时，表示过去存在的状态。 My brother was at school yesterday.
2. be动词的过去式为was/were,其否定式为was not/wasn’t和were not/weren’t.
3. 一般疑问句以及简略回答：—Were you born in July,1999? —Yes, I was./No,I wasn’t.
Topic2
重点语法 掌握情态动词can/can’t,could/couldn’t的用法。
重点句型 —Can/Could you dance? —Yes, I can/could. No, I can’t/couldn’t.
—What can you do? —I can speak English. He can’t sing English songs.
重点讲解
1 —Do you want to sing Chinese songs or English songs? —Chinese songs.
选择疑问句中，回答时只能选择一者作答，不能用“Yes”或“No”回答。
2 I’d like to take these flowers to the party. take sb./sth. to sw.带某人/某物去某地
巧辩异同 take与bring take （从说话人处带到别处）带去，带走
bring （由别处带到说话人处）带来
3 一段时间+ago是表示过去的时间状语。 two years ago
at the age of 在……岁的时候
4 be good at doing sth. = do well in doing sth.擅长做某事，在……方面做得好。
5 with one’s help = with the help of… 在……的帮助下
6 can和could的使用
(1) can(could)“可以，同意，准许”表示请求，允许。could语气较can委婉。
(2) can“会，能”，表示能力，could表示过去的能力。
Topic3
重点语法 行为动词的一般过去时及其回答。
重点句型 —Did you sing a song at the party? —Yes, I did/No, I didn’t.
I missed the chair and fell down. How could you lie to me?
Kangkang made a silent wish and them he blew the candles out in one breath.
重点讲解
1 Did Kangkang enjoy himself?康康玩得开心吗？
Enjoy是及物动词，后接名词，代词或是动名词，意为“喜爱，欣赏，享受……的乐趣。”
enjoy oneself = have a good/great time玩得愉快 enjoy doning sth. 喜欢做某事
巧辩异同 like, love与enjoy
(1)like喜欢（程度较弱）like doing/to do
(2) love热爱（程度较强）love doing/to do
(3)enjoy喜爱，欣赏，享受……的乐趣enjoy doing
2 It’s your turn.该你了。
turn 是名词，意思是“轮流”，It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。还可以做连系动词，意为“变成……”，后接形容词做表语。
3 反身代词oneself变化如下：①第一二人称用形容词性物主代词+self(selves)
I→myself you→yourself(yourselves) ②第三人称用人称代词宾格+self(selves)
he→himself they→themselves
4 What happened to Michael at the party?聚会上迈克发生什么事情了？
happen to sb. 某人发生某事，to是介词 happen to do…碰巧干某事，to是不定式符号
语法讲解 一般过去式
一、一般过去式表示：（1）过去存在的状态。My father wat at work yesterday afternoon. (2)过去某个时间发生的动作。 I got up at 6:30 yesterday. (3)过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always went to work by bus last year. 常用的时间状语：two days/months/years ago, last year, in those days, just now, in 2002等。
二、动词过去式的构成：
1. 规则动词①在动词后面直接加“ed”。play-played ②动词以“e”结尾加“d”。move-moved ③动词以辅音字母加y结尾改y为i加ed. study-studied ④动词为重读闭音节，双写词尾的辅音字母加ed. plan-planned stop-stopped
2. 不规则动词 am/is-was are-were do-did (详情见书后不规则动词表)
三、行为动词一般过去时态陈述句变否定句和一般疑问句：
肯定句：I bought some books yesterday. 否定句： I didn’t buy any books yesterday.
一般疑问句：Did you buy any books yesterday?
Unit5—Unit7中出现的冠词用法 1.弹乐器前要带定冠词the,而进行球类运动，刚不带the。play the guitar/piano play soccer/basketball 2.序数词，前面要用定冠词the。on the second floor 3.三餐前面不用冠词。 have breakfast/lunch/supper 介词的用法 1. 在几点常用介词at, 在星期几常用on。在早上、下午、晚上常用in. 在具体某是前，用介词on；在月份或年份前用介词in，在具体到某一天的早上/下午/晚上，也用on at seven o’clock; on Sunday; in the morning. 2.在哪一层楼用介词on. |
Unit8 Topic1
重点词组:
1.take a walk 散步
2.had better… 最好……
3.go out 出去
4.later on 后来，随后
5.come back to life 复活，复苏
6. be busy doing 忙于做某事
7.in spring 在春天
8.go swimming 去游泳
9.make a snowman 堆雪人
10. summer holiday 暑假
11. plan to do sth. 计划做某事
12.go for a walk 去散步
13. be different from 与……不同
14.last from….to….从……持续到……
15.last for+时间段 持续多长时间
16.get warm 变暖和
17.weather report 天气预报
18.learn to do sth 学会做某事
19.all day 整天
重要句型:
1.询问天气的两个句型:
What’s the weather like?
=How is the weather?天气怎么样
2.It’s a good time/season to do sth
=It’s a good time for sth/doing sth
是做什么事的好时候或好季节
It’s a good time for sb to do sth
是某人做什么事的好时候
It’s + adj +to do sth 做某事是很...的
e.g.It’s good to get up early.
e.g It’s a good time/season to swim
3.--Why…..?
--Because……
由why引导的句子,回答一定要用because
4.learn to do sth. 学做某事
e.g She is learning to dance.
5.Which season do you like best?
=What’s your favorite season?
6.询问温度:
What’s the temperature?
The low / high temperature is….
The temperature is from…to…
The temperature is between…and…
7.had better do sth. 最好做某事
had better 最好 had缩写’d
否定形式: had better not do sth.
e.g The temperature is high outside. You’d better not go out.
8. remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(实际动作还做)
remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(实际动作已经做)
e.g You must remember to close the door.
你一定要记得关门(门还没有关)
He remembered closing the door.
他记得关过门了(门已经关上了)
9.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
e.g He is busy reading.
be busy with sth 忙于…..
e.g They are busy with housework.
总结讲解:
1.表示天气的形容词,一般n+y；重读闭音节的双写最后一个字母+y
天气名词 | rain | wind | cloud | snow | sun | fog |
对应形容词 | rainy | windy | cloudy | snowy | sunny | Foggy |
2.wear, be in 和put on
★wear穿着,戴着,强调状态,用一般现在时表示经常状态,用现在进行时,表示暂时状态.
★be in 表示穿着的状态
e.g We wear our raincoat on a rainy day.(经常状态)
The girl in pink is my sister. (暂时状态)
★put on 穿上,戴上,强调动作（动作,短暂性）
put on 穿、戴上、上演（代词it / them放中间，名词中间/后面，put it / them on ）
e.g She put on a red coat and went out.
3.sunglasses/shorts/shoes/pants这些词通常都用复数形式
4.get warm 变暖和, get是系动词,后加形容词, 类似的还有get cold; get fat
e.g The weather gets hot in summer.
5.修饰雨雪的词汇多用heavily
修饰风多用strongly 的形式
e.g.下大雨rain heavily
a heavy rain
snow heavily
heavy snow
刮大风blow strongly
a strong wind
6.last: v. 延续
e.g The meeting lasts for an hour.
adj.上一个的, 最近的 last Tuesday
Unit 8 Topic 2
重点词组：1.during the summer holidays
暑假期间
2.go back to
返回到古巴
3.places of interest
名胜古迹
4.go for a holiday(go on holiday)
度假
5.take a photo of…
拍一张……的照片
6.a pair of sunglasses
一副眼镜
7.point to\at… 指向……
8.wrap gift money in red paper
用红纸包礼钱
9.enter someone’s home
进入某人的家
10.customs in different countries
不同国家的习俗
11.be different from
与……不同
12.give my best wishes to sb.
把我最好的祝福给……
13.give my love to sb.
代我向某人问好
14.travel around… 环游…
重点句型:
1. The summer holidays are coming.
暑假要来了。
2. I hope to get together with them.
我希望和他们在一起。
3. Each of us has a good plan for the holidays.
我们每个人都有一个很好的假期计划。
4. Can you tell me something about Yunnan?
你能告诉我一些云南的事情么？
5. It sounds really interesting and exciting.
它听起来相当有趣和令人激动。
6. Different countries have different customs.
不同的国家有不同的风俗。
7. You shouldn’t eat with your left hand.
你不能用左手吃东西。
8. You mustn’t point to anything with your foot.
你千万不要用脚指东西。
9. Guess what I bought for you!
猜猜我为你买了什么！
10. I hope you all have a good time.
我希望你们每个人都能过得愉快
11. --What’s the best time to go there?
--I think you can go anytime.
交际用语：谈论旅游和风俗
1. Where do you want to go ?
2. Who would you like to travel with?
3. --How was your trip?
--It was wonderful.
4. What’s the best time to go there?
5.-- How did you travel there?
--By train.
6. --How long were you there?
--Only five days.
7. Different countries have different customs.
重点解析:
Trip / travel 两者均表示旅游，其主要区别为：
(1)trip指短距离旅行
e.g.The round trip was ten dollars.
(2)travel指长途旅行，尤其指到国外旅行
e.g.Do you want to travel around the world?
Unit 8 Topic 3
重要句型:
1.They often eat turkey and Christmas cakes and give each other presents.
give sb. sth = give sth to sb.
类似的有：lend, send, bring, pass, take
eg: I lent my bike to her. = I lent her my bike.
send sb. sth =sent sth to sb. 送给某人某物
bring sb. sth = bring sth to sb. 给某人带来某物
take sb. sth = take sth to sb. 给某人带走某物
2.It means the end of Spring Festival. 它意味着春节的结束。
the end of …的末端
at the end of …在…的末端(时间和空间);
by the end of 到…末端为止
3.not…until直到…才
e.g. He didn’t come back until 12 o’clock.
4.prepare for sth 为某事做好准备
=get sth ready ,其宾语为所准备的直接内容
e.g. They are preparing for the party this evening.
The students are preparing for the exams.
5.go to church 去教堂做礼拜
go to the church去教堂
go to school 去上学
go to the school 去学校
go to hospital去看病
go to the hospital去医院
6.start/ begin to do sth 开始做某事
start/ begin doing sth
eg: He started/ began to study English six years ago.
He started/ began singing.
7.The whole family gets together for a big dinner.
the whole +单数名词(集体名词) = all the +名词
eg: The whole class is here.
= All the class are here.
8.watch sb. / sth do 注视某人/物做某事，强调动作的结果（全过程）
watch sb./ sth doing注视某人/物正在做某事，强调动作正在进行类似的有：hear, see
eg: I hear someone singing in the next room.
I often hear him shout to others.
I see an old man selling books in the street.
I sometimes see them play basketball on the playground.
9.in hospital在住院
in the hospital在医院里
at table 在吃饭
at the table在桌子边
10. everyone / every one
1) everyone“人人，每人”，仅指人，相当于everybody，一般不能与of连用，作主语为单数。
Everyone is here.大家（人人）都来了。
2) every one“每一个（人或物）”，指人或物，常与of连用，谓语用单数。
Every one of the book is interesting. 每本书都很有趣。
11.people/person/man
1) people:
①泛指“人，人们”，谓语动词用复数形式。
There are many people there. 那儿有许多人。
②the people 常用来指“人民”。
We study hard for the people. 我们为人民而努力学习。
③指“民族”是可数名词。
There’re 56 peoples in中国有56个民族。
2) person“人；人物”，无性别之分，可指男人，也可指女人。常用于指数目不大，而且数目比较精确的“人”。
Everyone likes the honest person. 每个人都喜欢诚实的人。
There are only three persons in the room. 房间里只有三个人。
3）man: 指“男人”（复数形式为men），也可指“人类”。
He is a man of few words. 他是个少言寡语的人。
Man has languages. 人类有语言。
重点短语归纳
Unit5. Our School Life
Topic 1
1. at the school gate 在学校大门口
2. Happy New Year! 新年快乐！
3. The same to you! 也同样祝你！
4. looks very nice 看起来很漂亮
5. come on 快点,加油
6. It's time for class. 该上课了。
7. It's time to have class. 该上课了。
8. know about 了解...的情况
9. school life 学校生活
10. at school 在学校，在上学
11. eat out 外出吃饭，下馆子
12. on school days 在校期间
13. have a short rest 休息一会儿
14. after class/school 下课/放学后
15. listen to music 听音乐
16. read books 看书
17. go to school/work 去上学/工作
18. School/Class is over. 放学了。/下课了。
19. in one's free/spare time 在某人的业余时间里
20. go swimming 去游泳
21. ball games 球赛
22. have ball games 举行球赛
23. four times a year 每年四次 once a week 每周一次
24. twice a week 每周两次 three times a week 每周三次
25. for a short time 一会
Topic 2
1. computer room 电脑室/机房
1. teachers'office 教师办公室
2. classroom building 教学楼
3. swimming pool 游泳池
4. in the library 在图书馆
5. in the dining hall 在餐厅
6. on the playground 在操场上
7. at the moment= now 此刻，现在
8. clean the classroom 打扫教室
9. clean the blackboard 擦黑板
10. make cards 制作卡片
11. on time 准时
12. in time 及时
13. on the shelf 在书架上
14. return = give back 归还
16 lost and found 失物招领
15. show sb around 带领某人参观
16. in the center of= in the middle of 在...的中间，在...的中央
17. on the left/ right 在左边/右边
18. next to 在...隔壁，在...旁边，紧挨着
19. at the back of 在...后部，在...后面
20. Attention, please ! 请注意！
Topic 3
1. have a music class 上一节音乐课
2. every week 每周
3. drawing pictures 画画
4. work on math problems 做数学题
5. speak English 说英语
6. learn about the past 了解过去
7. be friendly to sb = be kind to sb 对某人友好
8. school newspaper 校报
9. thanks sb for doing sth 感谢某人做了某事
10. each other 彼此，互相
Unit6. Our Local Area
Topic 1
1. on the second floor 在二楼
2. go upstairs 上楼
3. go downstairs 下楼
4. put it/them away 请把它/它们收起来放好
5. on the chair 在椅子上
6. Don't put it/them here. 别把它/它们放在这儿。
7. study on the computer 在电脑上学习
8. on the left/right of 在…的左面/右面
9. in front of / in the front of 在…的前面
Topic 2
1. an apartment building 一座公寓
2. in the country 在农村
3. for rent 出租
4. wanted 求租
5. excuse me 打扰了，打扰一下，劳驾，请原谅
6. on the street corner 在街道拐角处
7. train station 火车站
8. keep money 存钱
9. a lot of = lots of 许多
10. far from/not far from 离… 远/离…不远
11. a community service center 一个社区服务中心
12. There is something wrong with = Something is wrong with 某人/某物出问题/有毛病了
13. The traffic is heavy. 交通拥挤。
14. The cost of living is high. 生活费用高。
15. a house with a garden 有花园的房子
16. close to 靠近
17. post office 邮局
Topic 3
1. Excuse me, how can I get to... ? 打扰了，请问我怎样才能到...？
2. Excuse me, which is the way to...? 打扰了，请问去...走哪条路？
3. Excuse me, could you tell me the way to... 打扰了，你能告诉我怎样到...吗？
4. Excuse me, where is ...? 打扰了，请问...在哪里？
5. How far is it from here? ...离这里有多远？
6. turn left at the first street 在第一条街口向左转
7. go across the bridge 穿过桥
8. go straight 直走
9. go along 沿着…走
10. It's about one hundred meters along on the right. 顺着右边走大约100米
11. on the corner of 在...拐角处
12. across from 在...正对面
13. change to the No.108 bus 换乘108路车
14. go up/down this street to the end 沿着这条街一直走到尽头
15. public phone 公用电话
16. traffic lights 交通灯
17. turn left/right 左转/右转
18. no right turn禁止右转 no left turn 禁止左转
19. no parking 禁止停车 no swimming 禁止游泳
20. get hurt 受伤
21. in traffic accidents 在交通事故中
22. stop and look both ways 停下来左右看看
23. look left 向左看 look right 向右看
24. It's good to do sth 做某事是好的
25. cross the road = go across the road 过马路
26. a ticket for speeding 超速行驶罚单
27. Don't drive too fast. 车不要开太快。
28. wait for 等候
29. be careful = look out 小心
30. Don't play on the street. 不要在街上玩。
31. Don't be late for school. 上学不准迟到。
32. It's about...away from here. 离这里大约...远。
Unit7. The Birthday Party
Topic 1
1. next year 明年
2. next week 下一周
3. How do you plan to celebrate it? 你打算怎么庆祝？
4. plan to do sth 打算/准备做某事
5. Want to do sth 想做某事
6. have a birthday party 开个生日聚会
7. Would you like to come? 你想参加吗？
8. I'd love to. 我非常乐意去。
9. work alone 独立工作/练习
10. What day is it today? 今天是星期几？
11. What's the date today? 今天是几号？
12. be born 出生
13. a model plane 一个飞机模型
14. guess again 再猜一下
15. What's the shape of your present?= What shape is your present?你的礼物是什么形状的？
16. It's round. 它是圆的
17. black and white 黑白相间
18. have a look 看一看
19. I'm afraid... 恐怕...
20. look like 看起来像
21. Just now 刚才
22. how wide 多宽
23. how long 多长
24. how often 多久一次（表频率）
25. how soon 多久，多块
26. how far “多远”，问距离
27. use...for... 用...做...
28. use it for writing 用它来写字
29. What do we use it for? 我们用它做什么呢？
30. must be 一定是
31. would like to do sth = want to do sth 想要做某事
32. cook a special dinner 做一顿特别的晚餐
33. some candles 一些蜡烛
34. want to celebrate the birthday at home 想在家庆祝生日
35. buy some candles for her mother 给她妈妈买些蜡烛
36. buy sb sth =buy sth for sb 为某人买某物
37. cook a big dinner 做一顿大餐
38. make a cake 做一个蛋糕
39. When were you born? 你什么时候出生的？
40. Where were you born? 你在什么地方出生的?
41. What's your favorite present? 你最喜欢的礼物是什么？
Topic 2
1. perform ballet 表演芭蕾舞
2. Have a good time 玩得开心
3. at the party 在生日聚会上
4. No way! 没门！
5. pair work 结对练习
6. You are so smart! 你太聪明了！
7. I can count. 我能数数。
8. Take these flowers to the party. 把这些花带到聚会上去。
9. take...to... 把...送/带到...
10. speak English very well 英语说得很好
11. take photos 照相
12. make model planes 做飞机模型
13. class activities 课堂活动
14. outdoor activities 户外活动
15. fly a kite 放风筝
16. one year ago 一年前
17. be good at doing sth=do well in 擅长...
18. Kangkang is good at playing soccer. 康康擅长踢足球。
19. He hurt his right leg. 他的右腿受伤了。
20. at the age of five 在五岁时
21. Life was hard for her. 生活对她来说变得很艰辛。
22. She is great! 她太棒了！
23. grammar focus 语法重点
24. useful expressions 习惯用语
25. work in groups 分组工作
26. check the answers 检查答案
27. not any more 不再
Topic 3
1. recite a poem 背诗
2. Perform magic tricks 表演魔术
3. Perform kungfu 表演功夫
4. It's your turn. 现在轮到你了
5. miss the chair 没坐到椅子
6. poor Michael 可怜的迈克尔
7. Did you hurt yourself? 你摔伤了吗？
8. hurt oneself 伤着某人自己
9. go and wash them at once 马上去洗一洗
10. This way, please. 请走这边。
11. come back 回来
12. come back home 回家来
13. come back to school 回到学校
14. play video games 玩电子游戏
15. lie to sb = tell a lie to sb 对某人撒谎
16. tell me the truth 跟我说实话
17. each of us 我们每个人
18. sit around 坐在...周围
19. make a silent wish 默默许个心愿
20. blow the candles out = blow out the candles 吹灭蜡烛
21. in one breath 一口气
22. have a big dinner 吃一次大餐
Unit8. The Seasons and the Weather
Topic 1
1. What's the weather like in spring? 春天的天气怎么样？
2. =how is the weather in spring
3. It is warm. 天气很暖和
4. It is a good season for flying kites. 是放风筝的好季节。
5. In spring /summer/fall/winter 在春，夏，秋，冬
6. It's a good time to do sth. 是... 的好时候。
7. It is a good time for sth/for doing sth 是...的好时候。
8. make snowmen 堆雪人
9. It's hard to say. 这很难说
10. last year 去年
11. take a walk = have a walk =go out for a walk 散步
12. What's the temperature? 温度是多少？
13. answer the following questions 回答下列问题
14. summer/winter holidays 暑假/寒假
15. plan to do sth 计划做某事
16. had better do sth 最好做某事
17. had better not do sth 最好不要做某事
18. need to do sth 需要做某事
19. remember to do sth 记得去做某事
20. remember doing sth 记得做过某事
21. wear warm clothes 穿暖和的衣服
22. in most parts of China 在中国大部分地区
23. the sun shines brightly 阳光明媚
24. later on 以后，后来，随后
25. be different from 和...不同
26. weather report 天气预报
27. Spring returns in March. 三月春归。
28. get warm/cold/hot 变暖和/冷/热
29. come back to life 苏醒，复苏，复活
30. It rains heavily. 雨下得大。
31. the harvest season 收获的季节
32. be busy doing sth 忙于做某事
33. from...to... 从...到...
34. come out 开花，出版，发行
Topic 2
1. travel around the country 周游全国
2. hope to do sth 希望做某事
3. get together with 与...在一起
4. has a good plan for the holidays 有一个美好的假期计划
5. on the beach 在海滩上
6. sure = of course = certainly 当然
7. the best time to go there 去那里的最佳时间
8. all the year round 一年到头
9. go on a trip/journey 去旅行
10. go on a picnic 去野餐
11. go on a vacation 去度假
12. the Great Wall 长城
13. The Palace Museum 故宫博物院
14. customs in different countries 不同国家的风俗
15. enter someone's home 进入别人家里
16. take off 脱下，脱掉，起飞
17. put on 穿上
18. point to 指向
19. point at 指着
20. point out 提出，指明
21. touch a child on the head 摸小孩的头
22. make money = earn money 挣钱
23. per/every month 每个月
24. arrive in+大地点 arrive at +小地点 到达…
Topic 3
1. Spring festival 春节
2. Thanks giving day 感恩节
3. Easter 复活节
4. mid-autumn festival 中秋节
5. lantern festival 元宵节
6. mother’s day 母亲节
7. teacher’s day 教师节
8. Halloween 万圣节
9. the National Day of the PRC 国庆节
10. International Labor Day 国际劳动节
11. May Day “五一”劳动节
12. Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
13. perform lion and dragon dances 舞龙舞狮
14. give each other presents 互赠礼物
15. watch a lantern show 看灯展
16. guess riddles 猜灯谜
英语语法
一、there be
1. there be句型（一）
(1)句型结构为：there be(is/are)+某物／某人+地点／时间（介词短语），意为“某处／某地有某人或某物”，表示存在的一种状态，句中be动词的选择由其后面的名词确定．有两种句式：
①There is +单数名词／不可数名词+介词短语。
②There are +名词复数形式+介词短语。
③be动词后面的名词如果是由and连接的几个名词时．be动词应遵循就近原则，即与邻近名词的数保持一致。
(2)there be结构的否定句直接在be动词后面加not。
(3)there be结构的疑问形式直接把be动词提前，句末加问号。
肯定回答：Yes，there is/are.
否定回答：No，there isn't/aren't .
-Are there any books about Chinese history? 有关于中国历史的书吗？
-Yes.there are./No,there aren't. 是的，有。／不，没有。
-Is there a computer in your study? 你的书房有电脑吗？
-Yes,there is，/No，there isn't. 是的，有。／不，没有。
2. there be句型（二）
(1)针对there be结构的名词提问，常常用what's+地点状语，名词无论是单数形式还是复数形式，be动词都用is，且常省略there。如：
There is a desk in the room. （对画线部分提问） 房间里有张桌子。
—— What's in the room? 房间里面有什么？
There are many students in the classroom．（对画线部分提问） 教室里有许多学生。
—— 教室里面有什么？
(2)针对there be结构中名词的数量提问，用how many或how much提问，后面要紧跟这个名词 .如：
There' s a coat on the bed（对画线部分提问） 在床上有一件衣服。
——How many coats are there on the bed? 在床上有多少件衣服？
There' re some meat in the bowl?（对画线部分提） 在碗里有一些肉。
—— 在碗里有多少肉?
3. there be句型（三）
there be与have(has)的用法区别：
there be句型表示“某处／某时有某物或某人”，强调的是一种客观存在，但have表示“某人或某物有……”，强调的是拥有或占有，即某物或某人与主语是所属关系，但有时它们也可以相互转换。
二、时态
1. 一般现在时（常与频度副词never, seldom, sometimes, often,usually等连用）
一般现在时表示：
（1）现在所处的状态。Jane is at school.
（2）经常或习惯性的动作。I often go to school by bus.
（3）主语具备的性格和能力。He likes playing football.
（4）客观真理。The earth goes round the sun.
常用的时间状语：often, always, usually, sometimes, every day等等。
行为动词的一般现在时，助动词是do/don’t和does/doesn’t.
当主语是第一、二人称和所有复数形式时，行为动词用原形。
肯定式：I go to school on foot.
否定式：I don’t go to school on foot.
疑问式：Do you go to school on foot? —Yes, I do. —No, I don’t.
当主语是第三人称单数时，动词用第三人称单数形式，在词尾加-s或-es。
肯定式：He goes to work by bus.
否定式：He doesn’t go to work by bus.
疑问式：Does he go to work by bus? —Yes, he does. —No, he doesn’t.
重点句型
—How do you usually come to school? —I usually come to school by subway.
—How often do you go to the library? —Once/Twice/Three times a week/Very often/Every day/Sel
go to…on foot= walk to I often go to school on foot. =I often walk to school.
go to…by bike = ride a bike to ...
go to…by car = drive a car to ...
go to…by plane = fly to ...
go to…by bus = take a bus to ...
2. 现在进行时
⑴现在进行时表示正在发生或进行的动作，常与now, at the moment, look, listen等词语或者短语连用。
⑵结构：主语+be(is,am,are)+现在分词。如：
Mary is having lunch with her parents now. 玛丽正和她的父母一起吃午餐。
They are doing their homework at home. 他们正在家里做家庭作业。
现在进行时态的肯定、否定和疑问式
肯定式：I am running. You are running. He/She is running.
否定式：I’ m not running. You aren’ t running. He/She isn’ t running.
一般疑问句及回答：—Are you running? —Yes, I am./—No, I am not.
—Is he/she running? —Yes, he/she is./ No. he/she isn’ t.
⑶动词的现在分词的构成规则：
① 一般在词尾加-ing。 如：drink-drinking
②以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加ing。如： make-making close-closing have-having
③以重读闭音节结尾的动词，且词尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个辅音字母，再加ing。如：sit-sitting begin-beginning shop-shopping
三．情态动词
情态动词基本用法：情态动词+动词原形
can能力（体力，智力，技能）/允许或许可（口语中常用）/可能性
can和could“可能”，could表示可疑的可能性，不及can’t语气强，用于肯定、否定、疑问句中。
Can he be in the office now? No, he can’t be there, for I saw him in the library just now.
(语气很强，常用于疑问句和否定句中)
must必须，应该（表主观要求）:must“肯定，一定”语气强，只用于肯定句中。
例如：He must be a man from America.
You must obey the traffic rules.
should应当，应该（表义务责任）/本该（含有责备意味）
will意愿，决心请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉will not/won’t do
四．数词
数词有两种：
1.表示数目的词叫基数词，如one，two，three，four等；
2.表示顺序的词叫序数词，如first，second，third，fourth等，使用序数词时前面必须加the，但之前有this/that /my等限
五．常用的表达方式
1.表示时间的介词用法
(I)in用于一段时间。如年份、季节、月份等。
如：in 2012在2012 in spring在春季 in February在二月
(2)on用于具体的某一天或某一个特定的上午、下午或晚上。
如：on Saturday 在星期六 on October lst，2012 在2012年10月1日
on a rainy morning在一个下雨天的早晨
(3)at用于具体的时刻。如：at 7:30在7:30
(4)一些固定搭配。如： at night ,at noon , in the morning／afternoon/evening
2. 介词用法小结
(l)in意为“在…里”。如：The boxes are in the drawer．盒子在抽屉里。
(2)on意为“在…（表面）上”。如：The fork is on the plate叉在盘子上。
(3)behind意为“在……后面”。如：What can you see behind the chair?
(4)under意为“在…下”。如：What's under the bed? 床下面是什么？
(5)near意为“在…附近”。如：My home is near a bookshop我家在书店附近。
(6)next to...意为“挨近，靠近”。如：Who is sitting next to you? 谁坐在你旁边？
(7)in front of意为“在……前面”。如：
There is a big tree in front of the garage. 在车库的前面有一棵大树。
(8)in the center of意为“在……中心”。如：
There is a park in the center of the city. 在城市的中心有一个公园。
(9)on the left/right of意为“在……左边／右边”。如：
Tom sits on the left of Jack．汤姆坐在杰克的左边。
(10)at the back of意为“在……后面”。如：
Who is that boy sitting at the back of the classroom坐在教室后面的男孩是谁？
3.特殊疑问词小结
(l)what意为“什么”。如：
what class什么班级 what time几点 what color什么颜色
what kind of什么种类的 what day星期几
(2)which+n.意为“哪一个（些）”。
(3)问方式及状况：how
问数量多少：how many+可数名词复数
how much+不可数名词
问多少钱：how much+ -般疑问句
(4)问频率：How often+ -般疑问句，意为 “多久一次…．．”。
(5)问多长时间或物体有多长：how long
(6)问年龄：how old
(7)问多远／多高／多宽 how far/high／tall/wide
(8)问原因：why
(9)问地点：where
(10)问何时：when
(11)问是谁who
4.问路与指路的表达方式
(l)问路的表达方式：
Is there a... nearby/near here?
Where is...?
Can you tell me the way to...?
Could you tell me how to get to...?
How can I get to:..?
Which is the way to..?
(2)指路的表达方式：
go down/along the street go straight tum left/right
on the right/left There is a... on the left/right
5. how long，how far与how often的用法
(l)how long意为“多久”，常常对一段时间提问。如：
You can keep the book for a week．（对画线部分提问）你能借这本书一周。
我能借这本书多久？
(2)how far意为“多远”，常常对表示距离的词提问。如：
It is five kilometers away from here to my school（对画线部分提问）从这到学校有5公里远。
从这儿到你学校有多远？
(3)how often意为“多久一次”，常常对表示频率的词提问。
表示频率的词有：always，never，seldom，often，usually，every day，once/twice a week等。如：He often goes to the park.（对画线部分提问）他经常去公园。
他多久去一次公园？
巧辩异同 1. a few与few a few “一些”，few“很少，几乎没有”，修饰可数名词。
a little与little a little“一些”，little“很少，几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词。
2. talk, say, speak与tell
(1) talk“交谈”，表示通过谈话方式交换意见、消息等。
(2) speak“说话”，强调开口发声，后常接某种语言。
(3) say “说”，强调所说的话的内容。
(4) tell“告诉”，有时兼含“嘱咐”“命令”等。
tell a truth说真话，tell a lie说谎, tell a story 讲故事等固定搭配。
拓展: go+v.-ing 表示去做某事：go fishing 去钓鱼 go shopping 去购物 go boating 去划船
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