全球人口达80亿，中国为什么还能做到以人为本？
联合国宣布，世界人口在2022年11月15日这天达到80亿。
联合国秘书长古特雷斯表示：“这是一个庆祝我们的多样性、寿命延长和孕产妇及儿童死亡率降低的时刻。”
但他也补充说：“与此同时，这也是对人类责任的提醒。”
图片来源：统计网站Worldometer
人口数量问题，始终是学术界和全社会关注与争论的重磅话题。
作为全世界人口数量最多的国家，中国打赢脱贫攻坚战，对世界究竟意味着什么？在外国人眼里，中国共产党的“为人民服务”什么样？
在由中国日报社与清华大学联合主办，21世纪报社承办的“全球Z世代热议二十大”论坛上，印度记者沙米姆·扎卡里亚（Shamim Zakaria）用亲身经历和真实感受，告诉了大家他眼里真实的中国。
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Building bridges to foster a shared future in a turbulent world
在动荡世界中共建未来
Let’s begin with a story. On a drizzly afternoon in March 2017, a young lad landed at Changsha airport in Central China’s Hunan Province with two pieces of luggage to embark on his China adventure.
让我们先来听一个故事。2017年3月的某个下午，天空下着蒙蒙细雨，一个年轻小伙带着两件行李降落在中国湖南省的长沙机场，开启了他的中国冒险之旅。
He was a bit anxious about venturing into this "uncharted terrain." He was not familiar with the new environment and did not speak any Chinese.
他对即将探索的“未知国度”有些担心，因为他对这里新鲜的环境并不熟悉，也不会说中文。
There was one thing, however, that did not escape his sight at first glance: the tremendous warmth, generosity and hospitality of the Chinese people.
然而，有一点令他意想不到：中国人民热情好客，慷慨大方。
Nearly five years down the line that person stands before this august gathering and delivers a talk today, reminiscing his experience. And his admiration, respect and affinity for this country and its people have only grown more profound.
五年后的今天，这名小伙同各位相聚于此，以演讲的形式分享自己的经历，表达他对中国和中国人民的日益浓厚的敬佩与喜爱。
As someone who has extensively traveled internationally, I’m qualified enough to vouch that Chinese people are among the nicest and kindest in this world.
作为一名常在世界各地游历的人，我有底气说中国人是世界上最友善的民族之一。
Working in China not only afforded me the opportunity to grow personally and professionally but also gave me the chance to observe the country from the other side of the spectrum. I gained knowledge of the various other facets of China that are seldom reported in the so-called international press.
在中国的工作经历不仅为我提供了个人职业成长平台，还让我能从旁观者的角度观察这个国家。我了解中国的方方面面，而所谓的国际媒体却鲜少报道这些。
Being here, I have also realized how little I knew about China and how enormous a gap there is in the world's perception of China.
来到这里后，我才意识到，原先自己对中国知之甚少，世界对中国的认识也与实际大相径庭。
This leads me to the first point I want to highlight today.
这就是我今天想强调的第一点
The spirit of positive engagement
积极参与的精神
I think the most pressing question that arises when I say that there is a lack of awareness of or misunderstanding about China -- who is responsible for this lack of understanding.
我认为，当我谈到世界对中国缺乏认识或存在误解时，最亟需辨明的是：这一问题因何而起。
Peter Walker, who is a renowned author and observer of US-China relations, says in his book Powerful, Different, Equal that in the US there is a disturbing amount of mistrust toward China that is rooted in common misunderstandings about Chinese history, culture and government… on the flipside, China has a far greater understanding of the US."
彼得·沃克，著名作家、美中事务观察家，他在《权力、差异和平等：消除中美之间的误解与分歧》一书中写道，“美国对中国的不信任源于对中国历史、文化和政府的普遍误解……相反，中国对美国的了解则要深刻得多。”
A very small number of Americans - around a million - have visited China while over 25 million Chinese have visited the US. The number of Chinese who can speak English dwarfs the number of Americans who can speak Putonghua.
极少数美国人——大约100万——曾亲自到访中国，而中国却有超过2500万人到访过美国，会说中文的美国人数量远远比不上会说英文的中国人数量。
This makes it quite evident that the West, in particular, bears primary responsibility for its failure to comprehend China.
很明显，西方国家在对中国缺乏了解一事上负有主要责任。
I don't mean any disrespect by saying this, but when it comes to international geopolitics, the West, which often tends to hold high the banner of "inclusiveness," has failed to live up to its own ideals. There’s a serious dearth of positive engagement when it comes to understanding China.
我这么说并非有意冒犯，而是当涉及国际地缘政治话题时，西方国家往往高举“包容”的旗帜，实则却没有做到这一点。在了解中国一事上，他们严重缺乏积极性。
I believe most expats would agree with me when I say that a bulk of what is reported in the west about China is not always objective.
西方国家关于中国的大部分报道并不客观，我相信大多数外国人都同意这一点。
There is a visible tendency in the American media to portray China negatively and to disregard China's monumental achievements in areas such as poverty reduction and social advancement.
美国媒体抹黑中国的意图非常明显，他们总是忽视中国在扶贫脱贫、社会发展等方面所取得的重大成就。
This approach is most certainly not helpful in any way.
这种做法百害而无一利
To comprehend China, one must understand the Chinese people, and to achieve this, we must cultivate a spirit of constructive engagement.
想要了解中国，就要首先了解中国人民，这需要我们培养积极建设性参与的精神。
That being said such engagement must be on the principle of mutual respect and mutual understanding.
另外，这种交流必须基于相互尊重理解的原则。
We are all different yet there are similarities that connect us as humans. So, we can acknowledge the differences and appreciate the similarities. In the context of shifting geopolitical dynamics and amid profound challenges, countries could keep aside the differences and focus on the commonalities to cultivate the virtue of mutual respect, develop mutual understanding, and foster cooperation benefiting everyone.
我们都是不同的个体，但我们却拥有身为人类的相似之处，所以我们可以拥抱差异，发扬共同。在地缘政治动荡复杂、充满挑战的背景下，各国应该先搁置差异，凝聚共识，培养相互尊重的美德，发展相互理解的精神，促进互利共赢的合作。
And this takes me to the next point that I would like to highlight.
这也是我接下来想强调的第二点。
Unity and cooperation.
团结合作
It may appear to be a cliché, yet UNITY is the vital cornerstone of human existence.
这听起来像是陈词滥调，但团结确实是人类发展进步的重要基石。
All of our destinies and interests are intertwined because of how closely connected we are to one another. Therefore, win-win cooperation is the only path forward for humanity.
我们彼此命运交织、利益一体，相互之间联系紧密，因此，合作双赢是人类进步的唯一正途。
The work report presented at the recently-concluded 20th national congress of the Communist Party of China reiterated China's commitment to its foreign policy goals of protecting world peace and advancing common development.
近日，中共二十大圆满落幕，中共二十大报告重申了中国始终坚持维护世界和平、促进共同发展的外交政策宗旨。
China can be deemed a major force of peace in today’s geopolitical landscape, as it continues to steadfastly pursue an independent foreign policy of peace, mutual respect and win-win cooperation.
在当今全球地缘政治格局下，中国成为了维护世界和平稳定的重要力量，因为中国坚定奉行相互尊重、和平共处、合作共赢的外交原则。
History is a testament to the fact that China has never or will never pursue hegemony or engage in expansionism; its preferred approach is constructive engagement, instead of the use of force.
历史证明，中国过去从未、将来也永远不称霸，永远不搞扩张，历史证明了中国从来没有或永远不会追求霸权或从事扩张主义；它首选的方法是建设性的参与，而非武力解决问题。
What better to sum up the significance of unity than China’s flagship vision of “community with a shared future of humankind.”
没有什么比中国提出的“人类命运共同体”愿景能更好地总结团结的重要性。
As the adage goes, if you want to go fast, go alone; but if you want to go far then go together.
俗话说，要走得快，就一个人走；要走得远，就大家一起走。
Cooperation helps individuals to collaborate, share their perspectives and ideas, and co-create solutions.
合作能够团结个人力量，分享个人见解，合力解决问题。
In a deeply polarized world that is undergoing profound changes, sharing experience and expertise can certainly help build a more equitable society.
在国际形势变化复杂，世界两极化严重的背景下，分享专业知识与经验讲有助于我们建立更加公平的社会。
This leads me to the final point of my talk.
这也是我最后想分享的一点
China’s lesson for the world.
中国为世界贡献智慧
What strikes me as a foreigner reading the work report of the 20th CPC National Congress or listening to the earlier speeches of various Chinese leaders is how integral people are to China's governance.
作为一名外国人，我在阅读中共二十大报告或者听中国领导人演讲时，让我印象深刻的是人民群众对于中国国家治理的重要性。
I vividly recall what H.E. President Xi Jinping said in his speech during the centenary celebrations of the CPC. And I quote: "This country is its people; the people are the country," "The Party has in the people its roots, its lifeblood, and its source of strength." End of quote.
我清楚地记得中国国家主席习近平在庆祝中国共产党成立100周年大会上的讲话。习主席指出：“江山就是人民，人民就是江山。”“中国共产党根基在人民，血脉在人民，力量在人民。”
A key takeaway for world leaders is that the success of any government can be evaluated against a single standard: how effectively the people have been served.
这对世界各国领导人而言，值得借鉴的是，判断任何政府工作的成功与否的唯一标准是为人民服务的效率。
I can see clearly that the development of people is at the core of China’s governance. Chinese leaders attach great importance to people’s interests, happiness and well-being and remarkable results have been delivered.
我能够清楚地看到，以人为本的发展理念是中国治理的核心。中国领导人坚持人民至上，民生福祉不断迈上新台阶。
Consider poverty alleviation as an example. Since 2012, nearly 100 million rural residents living in poverty have been lifted out of poverty. This is nothing less than a miracle; perhaps the greatest victory over poverty ever in the history of humankind.
以扶贫工作为例，自2012年以来，中国已有近1亿贫困人口实现脱贫，简直是奇迹，这或许是人类减贫史上最大的胜利。
I think China’s development trajectory has lessons for the rest of the developing nations.
我认为，中国的发展经验能为其他发展中国家提供借鉴。
As someone from India where, according to the World Bank where nearly 600 million Indians survive on less than around 1.02 dollars a day, I think India could draw lessons from the success story of China's poverty alleviation.
我是一名印度人，据世界银行统计，在我们国家，近6亿印度人每日生活费不到1.02美元，因此我认为印度可以从中国成功的扶贫工作中借鉴经验。
But, what I also find incredibly admirable is China's assertion that there is no dogma. The proper course of action always depends on the local circumstances. China therefore never talks about exporting its political or governance model. Instead, it suggests that other countries create their own systems that are best suited to them, as different countries have distinctive cultural traditions, historical backgrounds, and political structures.
另外，我觉得非常令人钦佩的是，中国声明反对教条主义，（中国政府）出台的行动方针总是因地制宜。因此，中国也从未对外输出其政治或治理模式，相反，中国鼓励各国创造适合自己的发展模式，因为不同国家有着不同的文化传统、历史背景和政治结构。
I understand that China is replete with nuances. It isn’t always easy for observers to comprehend China's convoluted labyrinth of politics and policies.
我深知中国的多元多样，所谓的观察员们或许很难理解中国复杂的政治模式和政策体系。
At the very least, we owe it to each other to open lines of communication and work together toward a better-shared understanding.
但至少，我们应该开放包容，相互沟通，共同努力，以期彼此更好地理解。
To conclude, I promise to do my best as an expat working in China to convey the real China story and tell it well, and raise awareness of mutual assistance and cooperation.
最后，我承诺，作为一名在中国工作的外国人，我将尽己所能（向世界）讲好真实的中国故事，提高（各国）互助合作意识。
I firmly believe that when we act for the greater good as young people, the effects will be felt for years to come.
世界80亿人口来临
什么是中国的核心竞争力？
生活在中国的印度记者扎卡里亚，把自己在中国生活的见闻制成视频，分享在社交平台上。
在中国，即使是在山区腹地的小村庄，基础设施也非常完善。村路四通八达，互联网全覆盖，甚至有些年纪大的老年人还会使用手机上网、直播“带货”。
图片来源：Twitter
扎卡里亚觉得，中国良好的生活环境给了自己莫大的支持。
比如，中国的生态环境越来越好；中国提供了更多的就业机会；中国让人民用上了越来越好的出行工具，给生活带来了极大的便利……
“我到中国以后能发展得这么好，得益于中国的力量——你有想做的事情，国家就会来支持你。”
来到中国之后，扎拉里亚认为，正是因为中国共产党始终坚持“以人为本”和“服务人民”的理念，才赢得了民心、顺应了民意，也才能够最终战胜一个又一个困难，取得一个又一个胜利。
Working in China not only afforded me the opportunity to grow personally and professionally but also gave me the chance to observe the country from the other side of the spectrum.
在中国的工作经历不仅为我提供了个人职业成长平台，还让我能从旁观者的角度观察这个国家。
以人民为中心，这是中国发展越来越好的关键。
在中国大地上，不仅是一座座高楼拔地而起、一条条天堑变通途、一个个“中国制造”产品风靡……更是由于一个又一个人的变化，才汇成了这个国家的巨变。
党的二十大报告深刻指出，“中国共产党领导人民打江山、守江山，守的是人民的心”。越来越多的群众共享到中国进步的最新成果，同时再回馈到国家建设中去。
团结行动
中国在G20尽显风采
四季如夏的巴厘岛，见证了中国在新时代推动世界经济复苏、引领全球发展方向的大国担当。
当地时间11月15日，二十国集团领导人第十七次峰会在印尼巴厘岛举行，国家主席习近平出席并发表重要讲话。这是党的二十大胜利召开后，中国最高领导人首次出席多边峰会。
图片来源：央视新闻
立于时代潮头，“共迎时代挑战”的宣示凝聚共识；心系人类发展，“共建美好未来”的呼唤鼓舞人心。
中国特色大国外交，开启动荡时代的新篇章，为建设更加美好的世界注入信心和力量。
History is a testament to the fact that China has never or will never pursue hegemony or engage in expansionism; its preferred approach is constructive engagement, instead of the use of force.
历史证明，中国过去从未、将来也永远不称霸，永远不搞扩张，历史证明了中国从来没有或永远不会追求霸权或从事扩张主义；它首选的方法是建设性的参与，而非武力解决问题。
“我们都是不同的个体，但我们也拥有身为人类的相似之处。”扎卡里亚谈到，中国的发展和开放，拉近了中国和西方的距离。
不可否认，中国和西方有许多不同，如社会制度，文化传统和价值观等，这些都不能强求一致。但是，我们也有着不少人类共同的东西，比如对“以人为本”精神的追求。
We are all different yet there are similarities that connect us as humans. So, we can acknowledge the differences and appreciate the similarities.
我们都是不同的个体，但我们却拥有身为人类的相似之处，所以我们可以拥抱差异，发扬共同。
中国式现代化为人类实现现代化提供了新的选择。
中国以实际行动
稳步推进合作
加大对“一带一路”建设的资金支持，积极发展与“一带一路”建设参与国的紧密经贸伙伴关系，加强与其他国家的创新合作……一批重大互联互通、经贸合作项目落地，成为当地经济社会发展的“及时雨”。
从新安全观到全球治理观，从新国际关系到“一带一路”倡议，中国提出的一系列新理念、新方案、新倡议，不断丰富着人类命运共同体的内涵。
在印度尼西亚西爪哇省万隆市，一列高铁动车组正在雅万高铁试验段进行热滑试验
图片来源：新华社
扎卡里亚在中国的这五年来，看到在习近平主席的领导下，中国成功解决了国内的绝对贫困问题，奉行“以人为本”的发展理念，推动解决全球不平等问题，与国际社会共同应对气候变化、新冠肺炎疫情、跨境恐怖主义、战争冲突等全球性危机。
有着80亿这一惊人数量的人类，能力更大了，责任也更大了。当全世界人民共同迈入80亿大关的时候，我们应该看到，分裂和对抗只会阻滞前进的步伐，伤害无辜的人们。
正如扎卡里亚所说，我们所处的环境充满挑战，但是我们更应该互相理解，互利共赢。
In the context of shifting geopolitical dynamics and amid profound challenges, countries could keep aside the differences and focus on the commonalities to cultivate the virtue of mutual respect, develop mutual understanding, and foster cooperation benefiting everyone.
在地缘政治动荡复杂、充满挑战的背景下，各国应该先搁置差异，凝聚共识，培养相互尊重的美德，发展相互理解的精神，促进互利共赢的合作。
踏上新征程，中国已然开启充满光荣和梦想的远征，必将以自身的新发展为世界提供新机遇。
我们将同各国一道，汇聚合作共赢的力量，战胜前进道路上的各种挑战，共同迈向人类命运共同体的美好未来。
编辑：翁倩悦