【专栏】回归常识，破解新疆五大迷思

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编者按：在《环球时报英文版》5月25日刊发的第82篇“变局”专栏中，中国人民大学重阳金融研究院执行院长王文表示，外媒对于新疆的抹黑在新疆的进步面前不攻自破。用常识破解新疆迷思，是最合适的办法。下文为专栏的中英文版。

本文英文版在 Global Times 的版面截图

一周前，再次到新疆调研后，我内心是震撼的。现在的新疆不仅与西方智库报告与媒体报道大相径庭，更与我此前到新疆经历有很多不一样。

2011年我第一次去喀什时，那里的老城就像遗址或废墟，里面生活的人们不比孟买、墨西哥城的贫民窟好更多。现在的喀什古城已成为中国5A级的旅游景点，每年有数以百万计的人来旅游。

令我心有余悸的是，那次在喀什，100公里之外的一个县，正好发生了暴恐事件，多人丧生。喀什满大街的特警，有街道还用沙包做成战壕，像在准备一场战争。据说，当年新疆约有1000起大大小小暴恐事件发生。在主题展中看到血腥照片、被檄的极端主义者枪枝，让我对新疆的安全形势长期担忧。

但现在的状况是，新疆非常安全，已四年多没有发生暴恐事件，街上看不到特警，连警察都很少见。与我一起去的朋友，凌晨2点多上街吃夜宵，玩得很开心。

如果不是我亲眼所见与亲身经历，我心里会与许多国人一样，以为新疆很危险。但常识告诉我，错了。

更错的是，那些认为新疆没有人权、认定中国在搞种族灭绝的西方智库报告和媒体报道。刚刚的第七次人口普查结果显示，2010-2018年间，维吾尔族人口从1017.15万人上升至1271.84万人，增加254.69万人，增长率达25.04%，远远高于全国人口增长率5.38%。要是与半个世纪前比，维吾尔族人口更是增长了一倍。试问，美国印第安人的人数变化如何？

还有一个常识是，近年来，像迪力热巴、古力娜扎这样在中国家喻户晓的维族明星越来越多，在国家电视台里也有像尼格买提这样的维族一线主持人。他们时尚、靓丽，代表着中国现代化最光彩的一面。相比之下，那些在海外仍穿着黑袍甚至蒙着脸的所谓维族人权的控诉者到底在瞎编什么？

或许他们被西方一些非政府组织忽悠、出国时间太久了，对新疆印象仍与贫穷、落后划等号吧。2020年新疆人均GDP已超过8000美元，远远超过与新疆接壤的蒙古、哈萨克斯坦、阿富汗、巴基斯坦、印度、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦等七个国家的人均GDP接壤，预计再过5-8年，新疆人均GDP有望超过最后一个接壤的国家俄罗斯。

新疆比周边所有的地区富，这也是常识。试想，世界上哪有一个地区是不靠保护人权而变富的呢？

我劝西方一些人应该用发展的眼光看中国。过去40多年的改革开放，西方媒体、智库关于中国的谎言，实在是太多了。但中国没有被谎言所阻止，相反，中国在进步，谎言不攻自破。在这点上，我对新疆同样有信心。

有外国朋友会说，新疆那么好，为什么不让外国人去看？错！新疆非常欢迎外国朋友。据不完全统计，仅过去三年，包括联合国官员在内的2000多名外国使节、官员到过新疆实地调研考察，所有外国官员几乎都有与我一样的感受。问题在于西方媒体并不热衷于报道这些，反而还诬告外国记者采访受到限制。

事实上，如果揣着坏心事、拿着显微镜、带着有色眼镜去采访，哪个被采访者会不提防呢？看看欧亚大陆腹地那么多地方仍被战乱、灾难所侵扰，新疆那么多年被外部极端势力的破坏，对外国一些人士的防范心理，当然是可以理解的。但新疆欢迎所有人去看，这点不需要怀疑。

有人或许会提议，让联合国介入调查新疆问题总可以吧？反对。正如我刚才说的，联合国官员去过新疆很多，但新疆不应成为联合国官方讨论议题。

举个例子，如果有邻居怀疑、质疑、造谣你虐待家人，想要在警察局立案调查。我相信，你的做法肯定是反对。凭什么？但与此同时，内心坦荡的人通常会选择，欢迎任何人来家里坐客，即使是警察，也欢迎进屋聊聊，只要别乱翻东西即可。

关于新疆，许多外国人关切的无非是新疆很乱吗？新疆很穷吗？新疆在搞种族迫害吗？到新疆受到限制吗？我想，破解这些迷思，用常识，是最合适的办法。

欢迎任何外国朋友去新疆看看。相信答案会与我写的一样。

以下为英文版

Dare detractors come and see reality of Xinjiang?

By Wang Wen

Illustration: Tang Tengfei

I was amazed when I went to Xinjiang a week ago to do field research there. Today's Xinjiang is greatly different from what some Western think tanks and media reports depict. It is also different from what I witnessed in my previous trips there.

When I visited Kashgar in southern Xinjiang for the first time in 2011, the old towns were like relics or even ruins. People there lived no better life than those living in the slums of Mumbai or Mexico City. But today's old towns have become 5A tourist spots with millions of tourists visiting annually.

I still have the jitters remembering my visit that time, terrorist attacks had taken place in a county which is 100 kilometers away from Kashgar, and many people lost their lives. Special forces patrolled Kashgar and sandbags-built trenches could be seen on some streets, all of which seemed like to prepare for a war. When I saw bloody pictures and guns used by extremists in exhibitions, I was worried about the long-term security situation in Xinjiang.

But the current situation in Xinjiang is very safe, and no terrorist or violent incidents have taken place during the past four years. I rarely saw special forces or even policemen on the streets. My colleagues went to the street for food at midnight. If I didn't see and experience this myself first-hand, I might believe Xinjiang is a dangerous place. But I was wrong.

What is even more mistaken is what some Western think tanks and media reports say. They claim that there are no human rights in Xinjiang, and that China was committing a genocide. In fact, data shows that the population of Uygurs rose from 10.17 million to 12.72 million between 2010 and 2018 with a growth of 25.04 percent. This is much higher than the national growth average of 5.38 percent. Compared with half a century ago, the population of Uygurs has doubled in Xinjiang. And what about the population of Native Americans in the US?

Moreover, more Uygur celebrities like Dilraba Dilmurat and Gulnazar are emerging. They are fashionable and represent the brightest side of China's modernization. What stories are the forces who fled overseas conjuring up about human rights accusations?

Maybe they have been fooled by some Western NGOs or have been abroad for too long; they still equate the image of Xinjiang with poverty and backwardness. In 2020, Xinjiang's per capita GDP already exceeded $8,000.

I advise some people in the West to look at China from a development perspective. Over the past 40 years of reform and opening-up, Western media and think tanks have fabricated too many lies about China. But China has not been deterred by these lies. On the contrary, China is making more progress, and lies are collapsing inward on themselves. 

Some foreign friends may ask if Xinjiang is so good, why not permit foreigners to see it? In fact, Xinjiang welcomes foreign friends very much. In the past three years, more than 2,000 foreign envoys and officials, including UN officials, have made field visits to the region. Almost all those foreign officials have shared my feelings. The problem is that the Western media is not interested in reporting on this, and instead lodged a false accusation that foreign journalists face restricted access to Xinjiang.

Since Xinjiang has been ravaged by extremist forces over the years, it is understandable that some foreigners are skeptical about the situation. But there is no doubt that everyone is welcome to visit Xinjiang.

One might suggest the UN investigate the Xinjiang issue. I disagree. As I have mentioned, UN officials have been to Xinjiang many times. However, the Xinjiang issue should not be the subject of official discussions at the UN.

For example, if there are neighbors who suspect, question or spread rumors that you are abusing your family members, and ask to file an investigation at the police station, will you accept that? I'm sure you will not. But at the same time, magnanimous people usually choose to welcome anyone into their home, even the police, as long as they don't mess things up.

As for Xinjiang, many foreigners are concerned about: Is Xinjiang chaotic? Is Xinjiang very poor? Are there any abuses? Are there any restrictions on traveling to Xinjiang? 

Any foreign friends are welcome to visit Xinjiang. I believe the answer will be the same as what I have introduced.

(The author is professor and executive dean of Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at Renmin University of China. )

// 人大重阳    

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RDCY

中国人民大学重阳金融研究院（人大重阳）成立于2013年1月19日，是重阳投资向中国人民大学捐赠并设立教育基金运营的主要资助项目。

作为中国特色新型智库，人大重阳聘请了全球数十位前政要、银行家、知名学者为高级研究员，旨在关注现实、建言国家、服务人民。目前，人大重阳下设7个部门、运营管理4个中心(生态金融研究中心、全球治理研究中心、中美人文交流研究中心、中俄人文交流研究中心)。近年来，人大重阳在金融发展、全球治理、大国关系、宏观政策等研究领域在国内外均具有较高认可度。

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