丁刚：华盛顿究竟想从对中国的遏制中得到什么？

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作者丁刚系《人民日报》高级编辑、中国人民大学重阳金融研究院高级研究员，本文为丁刚为《环球时报》英文版撰写的评论文章，中文版授权人大重阳发布。

如果不能尊重中国以和平发展的方式获取与其分量相称的国际地位，尊重中国按照自己的方式来选择发展道路，那么华盛顿的战略就始终存在着，并且会不断加剧将两国关系逼向“绝境”的危险。

本文字数约2400字，阅读需要4分钟。

中美关系正处于一个黑暗的隧道之中，前方似乎透露出了一点点亮光，但依然是模模糊糊。

世界上两个最大国家的关系处于前所未有的准失控状态，两国在过去20多年里建立起的上百个各个层次的联系机制几乎都已停摆，或至少是暂停。双方领导层已经有三个多月没有见面了。

华盛顿在责怪中国，制造中国不愿对话的舆论，但任何明白人只要看看华盛顿官方的、国会的议事日程表，就知道责任在哪一方了。在这些日程表上，很难找到哪一天没有遏制中国、制裁中企的议题、措施或法案。攻击中国、煽动中国威胁论的官方言论更是不断升级。

中美高层的确需要一场面对面的对话，但是，在这样的气氛中，中国舆论对双方要谈什么，美国还有没有诚意，已经越来越失望。

如果我们一二再，再二三地空谈一番，谈完之后，华盛顿再回到进一步遏制中国的战略部署中去，残留在中美之间的互信就有可能会被消耗殆尽。

中美关系还能不能稳定？

回答这个问题，首先要解决的另一个疑问是，美国究竟想要从与中国的所谓竞争中得到什么？

美国官员一直将这场竞争称作是“良性的”，最新的官方表述出现在美国财政部长耶伦20日的演讲中。

如果这场竞争只是关乎于华盛顿所强调的美国在全球经济、科技的领先地位，那么它就是一个“内政问题”。华盛顿可以充分发挥它的领导能力，也不仿照抄中国的作法，动员全国之力来巩固其领先地位。而其他国家对美国的内部国策无可厚非。

但是，现在这场竞争已经严重变形。

美国是对正在各自跑道上与其同跑的中国选手使绊子、用暗器，往中国的跑道上扔石头、撒钉子，甚至还要动刀子。

在台湾问题上，美国背离了它所承诺的一中原则，利用武装的、政治的和经济的各种手段支持“台独”，破坏现状，进而倒打一耙，诬称大陆“制造了地区不稳定”。

再看看华盛顿在全球范围内使用的那些围堵、打击中国企业、中国制造的恶劣手段，真是无所不用其极。

够了！请白宫的官员们不要再用“良性竞争”来描述中美关系了。

华盛顿想从与中国的所谓的竞争中得到的，是以全面遏制、迟滞中国的发展来换取其霸权地位的巩固。

在华盛顿的战略中，这是一场零和游戏。美国想要的，是要阻断中国国家统一、实现复兴的进程。华盛顿是要拼尽全力把中国打趴下。无论美国官员如何描述这场竞争，现在的所作所为就预示着这个方向，而且看不到底线在哪里。

是的，中美之间仍然还有一些不多的、还可以合作的抓手，比如气候问题。但是在美国现在的国内政治气氛中，指望这些问题能够拉回两国关系似无可能。中国需要做的，是尽一个发展中大国的国际义务，而这同样要取决于华盛顿是怎样看待在气候等国际问题上与中国的合作。

中国之所以反对“竞争”这种说法，根本在于，美方所讲的“竞争”，关系着如何对待一个崛起的新兴大国——中国从来没有想和美国或者别的什么国家争夺全球霸权，更没有输出自己的政治模式。最重要的是，以现在这种所谓的竞争根本不可能换取美国的胜利。

如果不能尊重中国以和平发展的方式获取与其分量相称的国际地位，尊重中国按照自己的方式来选择发展道路，那么华盛顿的战略就始终存在着，并且会不断加剧将两国关系逼向“绝境”的危险。

以下为英文版

What exactly does Washington want from its containment of China?

By Ding Gang

China-US relations are in a long dark tunnel that seems to reveal a little light ahead but remains ambiguous.

Relations between the world's two largest economies are in an unprecedented state of "competition," according to Washington's reference, with almost one hundred more mechanisms of contact at every level that the two countries have built up over the past 20 years or so having ground to a halt. The high-level officials of both sides have not met in more than three months.

Washington is blaming China and claiming that China is reluctant to talk. But anyone who understands the situation can hardly find a day when the official and congressional agenda in Washington does not include measures or bills to contain China and sanction Chinese companies. The official rhetoric attacking China and fanning the China threat theory is escalating.

China and the US do need a face-to-face dialogue at a high level. Still, in this atmosphere, Chinese public opinion has become increasingly frustrated with what the two sides are going to talk about and whether the US is sincere.

If we have empty talks repeatedly, and after the talks, Washington returns to its strategic deployment to further contain China, the residual mutual trust between the US and China is likely to be depleted.

Can China-US relations be stable? Another question that needs to be addressed first is what exactly does the US want from its competition with China.

US officials have been referring to the competition as "healthy," the latest official expression appearing in a speech by Treasury Secretary Yellen on April 20.

If the competition is only about Washington's emphasis on US global economic, technological and scientific leadership, then it is an "internal issue." Washington can take full advantage of its leadership ability and even copy China's practice of mobilizing national efforts to consolidate its leadership. 

But the competition is seriously distorted.

The US is tripping and using concealed weapons against the Chinese runners who are running their own track, throwing stones and nails at the Chinese track, and even going so far as to move the knife.

On the Taiwan question, the US has deviated from its commitment to the one-China principle, using armed, political, and economical means to support Taiwan independence and undermine the status quo, and then backtracking by falsely claiming that the mainland "has created regional instability."

And look at all the nasty tactics used by Washington around the world to besiege and crack down on Chinese companies and Made in China.

Enough is enough! 

It's time for White House officials to stop describing the US-China relationship as a "healthy competition.''

Washington wants the comprehensive containment and retardation of China's development in exchange for consolidating its hegemony because it has already seen China as its first and utmost challenger.

It is a zero-sum game. 

No matter how US officials describe the competition, what is being done now foreshadows that direction, and there is no bottom line in sight. 

Yes, there are still few cooperative opportunities between the US and China, such as climate issues. But in the current domestic political climate in the US, these issues seem unlikely to be brought back into the relationship. China needs to do its international duty as a developing power, and again, this depends on how Washington views cooperation with China.

China's rejection of the "competition" argument is fundamentally about how the US side treats a rising power. China has never wanted to compete with the US or any other country for global hegemony, let alone export its political model.

Suppose China is not respected for its peaceful development to gain an international status commensurate with its weight and for choosing its path for development in realizing Chinese modernization. In that case, Washington's strategy will always be in place and will continue to increase the risk of extinguishing the last bit of light. 

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中国人民大学重阳金融研究院（人大重阳）成立于2013年1月19日，是重阳投资向中国人民大学捐赠并设立教育基金运营的主要资助项目。

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