美国的奶茶店，珍珠不够用了……
近日，由于疫情，美国西海岸海运不畅，原料木薯粉供应短缺，美国部分珍珠奶茶店已经无法正常供应珍珠奶茶了。
无注释原文：
The boba crisis is a perfect opportunity to try the superior tea topping: cheese foam
San Francisco Chronicle
My go-to order at my local boba shop doesn’t contain boba at all.
Boba, or bubble tea, has become synonymous with the chewy balls from which its name is derived. However, as shipping delays threaten the supply of boba in the U.S., customers may soon be deprived of the iconic tapioca pearls. I believe this shortage presents bubble tea devotees with an unprecedented opportunity: Now is the time to hop on the cheese foam bandwagon.
When my friends and I would visit our favorite bubble tea shops before the pandemic, my order would often look different from theirs. Rather than being filled with boba, my drink would be topped with a layer of foam made from milk, cream cheese and salt. That combination might sound unusual to the casual boba fan, but to those of us who enjoy it, cheese foam isn’t just a replacement during times of boba scarcity — it’s the best drink on the menu.
While boba creates a textural contrast between the chewiness of the tapioca and smoothness of the drink, cheese foam creates its contrast through flavor. The salty cream cheese balances out the overpowering sweetness of the milk tea to create an unexpected yet delightful blend of flavors. It’s the salted caramel of the dessert drink world, bringing together salty and sweet to create a decadent pairing that is greater than the sum of its parts.
The final sips of boba are often the most disappointing — the last few pearls can be difficult to reach with your straw and the half-melted ice waters down the remainder of the tea. Cheese foam, on the other hand, rewards you at the end. Your anticipation will build as the topping approaches the bottom of the cup, and after the tea runs dry, you’ll immediately be greeted by a savory mouthful of foam. It’s a satisfying conclusion to the drinking experience that boba could never hope to replicate.
Cheese foam certainly isn’t new; Taiwanese night markets began serving it around 2010. The drink gained popularity across Asia and made its way to the U.S. through chains such as Happy Lemon. Despite being around for a while, cheese foam has yet to reach the level of popularity that its round, chewy counterpart has in the West. And it is possible to have both boba and cheese foam in a drink, but I think too many conflicting elements make it difficult to appreciate the contrast that each individual piece provides.
Cheese foam is available all over the Bay Area: The chain Happy Lemon specializes in the drink and has locations in San Francisco, San Jose, Berkeley and more. If you already have a favorite boba shop, check their menu — there’s a good chance you’ll find cheese foam. Depending on where you go, it might also be called “cheese tea,” “milk cap” and “milk foam,” but it’s all the same, and always delicious.
If boba does, in fact, disappear from your local shop’s menu in the near future, you’ll still be able to get your fix of sugary tea. Since its ingredients don’t have to be internationally sourced, cheese foam isn’t going anywhere. Even if the prospect of cheese in your drink doesn’t sound appealing at first, I recommend giving it a try — you might miss boba a lot less once you do.
- ◆ -
含注释全文：
The boba crisis is a perfect opportunity to try the superior tea topping: cheese foam
San Francisco Chronicle
My go-to order at my local boba shop doesn't contain boba at all.
我在当地波霸奶茶店点的奶茶根本不含波霸。
go-to
表示“（为解决某个问题或做某件事情的）必找的（人）；（为找到某件物品或服务的）必去的（地方）；极其可靠的（修饰人/物）；被广泛游览的（修饰地点）”，英文解释为“used to describe the best person to deal with a particular problem or do a particular thing, or the best place to get a particular thing or service”，如：团队里的智囊/扛把子，就可以说 the go-to guy in the team，举个🌰：
He was the company's go-to guy for new ideas.
他是公司里新点子的必找之人。
boba
表示“波霸（奶茶）”，英文解释为“a variety of tea containing balls of pearl tapioca, originating in Taiwan in the 1980s”。
Boba, or bubble tea, has become synonymous with the chewy balls from which its name is derived. However, as shipping delays threaten the supply of boba in the U.S., customers may soon be deprived of the iconic tapioca pearls. I believe this shortage presents bubble tea devotees with an unprecedented opportunity: Now is the time to hop on the cheese foam bandwagon.
波霸（奶茶），或者说珍珠奶茶，已经成为其名字来源的有嚼劲的球状物的代名词。然而，由于运输延迟威胁到美国的波霸供应，顾客可能很快就会失去这种广受欢迎的木薯珍珠。我相信，这种短缺给珍珠奶茶爱好者带来了一个前所未有的机会：现在是时候加入芝士奶盖的潮流了。
synonymous
synonymous /sɪˈnɒnɪməs/，表示“同义的，近义的”，英文解释为“having the same meaning”，be synonymous with可以表示“等同于…的”（so closely connected with sth that the two things appear to be the same）举个🌰：
Wealth is not necessarily synonymous with happiness.
财富未必等同于幸福。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述当今的汽车产业的文章中提到：Long synonymous with hubris and the inept allocation of capital, it needs to look to the future. 长久以来它已经成了傲慢和资本不当配置的代名词。现在，它需要放眼未来。
chewy
chewy /ˈtʃuːi/ 表示“需要多嚼的；不易嚼烂的；耐嚼的”，英文解释为“needing to be chewed a lot before it can be swallowed”。
derive from sth
表示“来自于，源自”，英文解释为“to come from something”举个🌰：
The English word "olive" is derived from the Latin word "oliva".
英语的 olive 一词源自拉丁语中的 oliva。
补充：
📍derive sth from sth表示“从…中得到，从…中获得”（to get something from something else）举个🌰：
The institute derives all its money from foreign investments.
该机构的资金均来自于国外投资。
She derives great pleasure/satisfaction from playing the violin.
拉小提琴能让她获得极大的乐趣/满足。
📺英剧《唐顿庄园》（Downton Abbey）中的台词提到：Lord Gillingham thought Lady Mary might derive benefit from it. 吉利安姆子爵觉得玛丽小姐去参加一下有好处。
deprive
deprive sb/sth of sth，表示“剥夺；使丧失；使不能享有”，英文解释为“to prevent sb from having or doing sth, especially sth important”举个🌰：
You can't function properly when you're deprived of sleep.
如果被剥夺了睡眠，人体就无法正常工作。
iconic
表示“偶像的；图符的；象征性的；非常出名的，受欢迎的”，英文解释为“An iconic image or thing is important or impressive because it seems to be a symbol of something.”举个🌰：
He gained iconic status following his death.
他死后成了偶像级人物。
tapioca
tapioca /ˌtæpɪˈəʊkə/ 表示“木薯粉；木薯淀粉”，英文解释为“Tapioca is a food consisting of white grains, similar to rice, which come from the cassava plant. It is used as a thickener and as a dessert.”
pearl
表示“珍珠”，英文解释为“a small hard shiny white ball that forms inside the shell of an oyster and is of great value as a jewel”。
devotee
表示“仰慕者，敬仰者，爱好者”（someone who enjoys or admires someone or something very much）或者“虔诚的宗教信徒”（a very religious person）。
unprecedented
表示“史无前例的，空前的；绝无仅有的”，英文解释为“never having happened or existed in the past”举个🌰：
This century has witnessed environmental destruction on an unprecedented scale.
环境在本世纪遭到了空前的破坏。
🎬电影《星运里的错》（The Fault in Our Stars）中的台词提到：You are so busy being you that you have no idea how utterly unprecedented you are. 你太忙于做自己 都没有意识到自己是那么的令人心动。
foam
foam /fəʊm/ 表示“泡沫”，英文解释为“Foam is used to refer to various kinds of manufactured products which have a soft, light texture like a thick liquid.”
hop on the bandwagon
类似的还有jump/climb/get on the bandwagon 表示“顺应潮流；跟风；随大溜”，英文解释为“to become involved in an activity that is successful so that you can get the advantages of it yourself”举个🌰：
The success of the product led many firms to try to jump on the bandwagon.
这种产品的成功导致许多企业跟风。
When my friends and I would visit our favorite bubble tea shops before the pandemic, my order would often look different from theirs. Rather than being filled with boba, my drink would be topped with a layer of foam made from milk, cream cheese and salt. That combination might sound unusual to the casual boba fan, but to those of us who enjoy it, cheese foam isn't just a replacement during times of boba scarcity — it’s the best drink on the menu.
当我和朋友们在疫情前去我们最喜欢的珍珠奶茶店时，我的订单往往看起来与他们不同。我的饮品里不是装满了波霸，而是在上面放了一层由牛奶、奶油干酪（cream cheese）和盐制成的奶盖。这种组合对于波霸爱好者来说可能听起来非同寻常，但对于我们这些喜欢喝的人来说，芝士奶盖不仅仅是波霸稀缺时期的替代品--它是菜单上最好的饮品。
scarcity
表示“缺乏；稀少”，英文解释为“If there is a scarcity of something, there is not enough of it for the people who need it or want it.”
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述比特币的文章中提到：Scarcity is a trait of many things that are perceived to have value. 稀缺性正是许多被视为有价值的事物共有的特征。
▲the salted caramel
While boba creates a textural contrast between the chewiness of the tapioca and smoothness of the drink, cheese foam creates its contrast through flavor. The salty cream cheese balances out the overpowering sweetness of the milk tea to create an unexpected yet delightful blend of flavors. It's the salted caramel of the dessert drink world, bringing together salty and sweet to create a decadent pairing that is greater than the sum of its parts.
波霸在木薯粉的咀嚼感和饮料的顺滑感之间形成了一种质感上的对比，而芝士奶盖则通过味道形成了对比。咸味的奶油奶酪平衡了奶茶过于浓郁的甜味，创造了一种意想不到却令人愉悦的混合风味。它是甜饮界的咸焦糖（salted caramel），将咸与甜融合在一起，创造出大于各部分之和的搭配。
textural
textural /ˈtekstʃərəl/ 表示“质地的；纹理的”，英文解释为“relating to texture”如：the textural characteristics of the rocks 岩石的纹理特征。
overpowering
表示“强烈的；极强大的；坚强的”，英文解释为“very strong or powerful”如：an overpowering smell of fish 浓烈的鱼腥味儿。
The final sips of boba are often the most disappointing — the last few pearls can be difficult to reach with your straw and the half-melted ice waters down the remainder of the tea. Cheese foam, on the other hand, rewards you at the end. Your anticipation will build as the topping approaches the bottom of the cup, and after the tea runs dry, you'll immediately be greeted by a savory mouthful of foam. It's a satisfying conclusion to the drinking experience that boba could never hope to replicate.
波霸的最后一口往往是最令人失望的--最后几颗珍珠可能很难用吸管吸到，半融化的冰块也会冲淡剩余的奶茶。另一方面，芝士奶盖则会在最后奖励你。你的期待会随着奶盖接近杯底而建立起来，奶茶喝完后，你会立即感受到一口美味的奶盖。这是波霸所无法复制的令人满意的饮品体验。
sip
表示“一小口（饮料）”，英文解释为“a very small amount of a drink that you take into your mouth”如：to have/take a sip of water 喝一小口水。
topping
表示“（浇在食物上的）配料，浇汁（尤指酱汁、奶油等）”，英文解释为“a substance, especially a sauce or pieces of food, that is put on top of other food to give extra flavour and to make it look attractive”。
replicate
表示“使复现；重复；复制”，英文解释为“to make or do something again in exactly the same way”举个🌰：
Researchers tried many times to replicate the original experiment.
研究者们作了很多次努力，试图重复这一实验。
Cheese foam certainly isn't new; Taiwanese night markets began serving it around 2010. The drink gained popularity across Asia and made its way to the U.S. through chains such as Happy Lemon. Despite being around for a while, cheese foam has yet to reach the level of popularity that its round, chewy counterpart has in the West. And it is possible to have both boba and cheese foam in a drink, but I think too many conflicting elements make it difficult to appreciate the contrast that each individual piece provides.
芝士奶盖当然不是什么新鲜事物，2010年左右台湾夜市就开始供应。这种饮品在亚洲各地都很受欢迎，并通过快乐柠檬（Happy Lemon）等连锁店传到了美国。尽管芝士奶盖已经存在了一段时间，但还没有达到其圆润、有嚼劲的同类产品在西方的受欢迎程度。而且在一杯饮料中可以同时拥有波霸和芝士奶盖，但我认为太多互不相容的配料让人很难体会到每一种配料单独存在时的差异。
counterpart
counterpart一词经常出现，counter-表示“相反的；对立的；相应的”（opposite; against; in return; corresponding），和part一起就是“对立的，相应的事物”，从而表示“职位相当的人；作用相当的事物”，英文解释为“Somene's or something's counterpart is another person or thing that has a similar function or position in a different place.”
Cheese foam is available all over the Bay Area: The chain Happy Lemon specializes in the drink and has locations in San Francisco, San Jose, Berkeley and more. If you already have a favorite boba shop, check their menu — there's a good chance you'll find cheese foam. Depending on where you go, it might also be called “cheese tea,” “milk cap” and “milk foam,” but it's all the same, and always delicious.
芝士奶盖在湾区（the Bay Area）各地都有。专卖这种饮品的连锁店快乐柠檬在旧金山（San Francisco）、圣何塞（San Jose）、伯克利（Berkeley）等地都有分店。如果你已经有了喜欢的波霸奶茶店，请查看他们的菜单--很有可能你会发现芝士奶盖。根据你去的地方，它也可能被称为“奶酪茶”、“奶盖”和“奶泡”，但它都是一样的，而且都很美味。
If boba does, in fact, disappear from your local shop's menu in the near future, you'll still be able to get your fix of sugary tea. Since its ingredients don't have to be internationally sourced, cheese foam isn't going anywhere. Even if the prospect of cheese in your drink doesn't sound appealing at first, I recommend giving it a try — you might miss boba a lot less once you do.
如果在不久的将来，波霸确实从你当地商店的菜单上消失了，你仍然能够喝到含糖的奶茶。因为原料不一定要从国外进口，所以芝士奶盖不会消失。即使在你的饮品中加入奶盖的设想听起来并不吸引人，我还是建议你尝试一下--一旦你喝了芝士奶盖，你可能会减少对波霸奶茶的想念。
fix
熟词僻义，作名词，表示“（毒品或致瘾物的）一次用量”，英文解释为“an amount of an illegal drug, or of another substance that has an effect on someone”举个🌰：
He was shaking badly and needed a fix.
他抖得很厉害，需要一剂毒品。
I need a fix of coffee before I can face the day.
我总需要喝足咖啡才有精神应付一天的工作。
ingredient
表示“（尤指烹调用的）原料”，英文解释为“Ingredients are the things that are used to make something, especially all the different foods you use when you are cooking a particular dish.”举个🌰：
Coconut is a basic ingredient for many curries.
椰子是多种咖喱菜的基本成分。
source
熟词僻义，作动词，表示“（从…）获得”，英文解释为“to get sth from a particular place”举个🌰：
We source all the meat sold in our stores from British farms.
我们商店里卖的肉均从英国农场购进。
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