端午节真的不能说“快乐”吗？
过节不如学习。
这几年每到端午，就有一种说法，不能祝福“端午快乐”，只能说“端午安康”。真的是这样吗？
无注释原文：
The History of the Dragon Boat Festival
ThoughtCo.
The Dragon Boat Festival is called Duan Wu Jie in Chinese. Jie means festival. The most popular theory of the origin of the festival is that it was derived from the commemoration of a great patriot poet, Qu Yuan. Since some of the well-known traditions of the festival existed even before Qu Yuan, other origins of the festival have also been suggested.
Wen Yiduo suggested that the festival may be closely associated with dragons because two of its most important activities, boat racing and eating zongzi, have ties to dragons. Another view is that the festival originated from the taboo of evil days. The fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar is traditionally considered an evil month and the fifth of the month is particularly a bad day, so a lot of taboo had been developed.
Most likely, the festival was gradually derived from all of the above, and the story of Qu Yuan adds to the allure of the festival today.
◉ The Legend of the Festival
Like other Chinese festivals, there is also a legend behind the festival. Qu Yuan served in the court of Emperor Huai during the Warring States Period (475 - 221 BC). He was a wise and erudite man. His ability and fight against corruption antagonized other court officials. They exerted their evil influence on the emperor, so the emperor gradually dismissed Qu Yuan and eventually exiled him.
During his exile, Qu Yuan did not give up. He traveled extensively, taught and wrote about his ideas. His works, the Lament (Li Sao), the Nine Chapters (Jiu Zhang), and Wen tian are masterpieces and invaluable for studying ancient Chinese culture. He saw the gradual decline of his mother country, the Chu State. And when he heard that the Chu State was defeated by the strong Qin State, he was in such despair that he ended his life by flinging himself into the Miluo River.
Legend says after people heard he drowned, they were greatly dismayed. Fishermen raced to the spot in their boats to search for his body. Unable to find his body, people threw zongzi, eggs, and other food into the river to feed fish. Since then, people commemorated Qu Yuan through dragon boat races, eating zongzi and other activities on the anniversary of his death, the fifth of the fifth month.
◉ Festival Foods
Zongzi is the most popular food for the festival. It is a special kind of dumpling usually made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo leaves. Unfortunately, fresh bamboo leaves are hard to find.
Today you may see zongzi in different shapes and with a variety of fillings. The most popular shapes are triangular and pyramidal. The fillings include dates, meat and egg yolks, but the most popular fillings are dates.
During the festival, people are reminded of the importance of loyalty and commitment to the community. Dragon boat races may be Chinese in origin, but today they are held worldwide.
- ◆ -
注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应
含注释全文：
The History of the Dragon Boat Festival
ThoughtCo.
The Dragon Boat Festival is called Duan Wu Jie in Chinese. Jie means festival. The most popular theory of the origin of the festival is that it was derived from the commemoration of a great patriot poet, Qu Yuan. Since some of the well-known traditions of the festival existed even before Qu Yuan, other origins of the festival have also been suggested.
龙舟节在中国被称为“端午节”。Jie的意思是节日。关于这个节日的起源，最流行的说法是，它源自对伟大的爱国诗人屈原的纪念。由于该节日的一些著名传统甚至在屈原之前就已经存在，因此也有人提出该节日的其他起源。
derive from sth
表示“来自于，源自”，英文解释为“to come from something”举个🌰：
The English word "olive" is derived from the Latin word "oliva".
英语的 olive 一词源自拉丁语中的 oliva。
补充：
📍derive sth from sth表示“从…中得到，从…中获得”（to get something from something else）举个🌰：
The institute derives all its money from foreign investments.
该机构的资金均来自于国外投资。
She derives great pleasure/satisfaction from playing the violin.
拉小提琴能让她获得极大的乐趣/满足。
📺英剧《唐顿庄园》（Downton Abbey）中的台词提到：Lord Gillingham thought Lady Mary might derive benefit from it. 吉利安姆子爵觉得玛丽小姐去参加一下有好处。
commemoration
表示“纪念；纪念活动”，英文解释为“something that is done to remember officially and give respect to a great person or event”。
Wen Yiduo suggested that the festival may be closely associated with dragons because two of its most important activities, boat racing and eating zongzi, have ties to dragons. Another view is that the festival originated from the taboo of evil days. The fifth month of the Chinese lunar calendar is traditionally considered an evil month and the fifth of the month is particularly a bad day, so a lot of taboo had been developed.
闻一多认为，这个节日可能与龙密切相关，因为其最重要的两项活动，即赛龙舟和吃粽子，都与龙有关。另一种观点是，这个节日起源于对恶日的禁忌。中国农历的第五个月在传统上被认为是一个恶月，而每月的第五天尤其是一个坏日子，因此已经形成了很多禁忌。
originate
表示“起源，发源，发端；产生”，英文解释为“to come from a particular place, time, situation, etc.”举个🌰：
Although the technology originated in the UK, it has been developed in the US.
尽管这项技术起源于英国，但它在美国得到了发展。
taboo
taboo /təˈbuː/ 表示“禁忌，忌讳”，英文解释为“A taboo against a subject or activity is a social custom to avoid doing that activity or talking about that subject, because people find them embarrassing or offensive”举个🌰：
The topic of addiction remains something of a taboo in our family.
毒瘾在我们家依然是个有些忌讳的话题。
Most likely, the festival was gradually derived from all of the above, and the story of Qu Yuan adds to the allure of the festival today.
最有可能的是，这个节日是由上述种种因素逐渐衍生出来的，而屈原的故事在今天更增加了这个节日的吸引力。
allure /əˈljʊə/
表示“诱惑；魅力；吸引力”，英文解释为“the quality of being attractive, interesting, or exciting”如：the allure of working in television 电视行业工作所具有的吸引力。
◉ The Legend of the Festival 节日传说
Like other Chinese festivals, there is also a legend behind the festival. Qu Yuan served in the court of Emperor Huai during the Warring States Period (475 - 221 BC). He was a wise and erudite man. His ability and fight against corruption antagonized other court officials. They exerted their evil influence on the emperor, so the emperor gradually dismissed Qu Yuan and eventually exiled him.
像其他中国节日一样，这个节日背后也有一个传说。屈原在战国时期（公元前475-221年）楚怀王的朝廷中任职。他是一个睿智而博学的人。他的能力和反腐斗争遭到其他朝廷官员排挤。他们对其进行诽谤，屈原逐渐被楚怀王罢免，并最终将他流放。
legend
1）表示“传说；传奇故事”，英文解释为“a story from ancient times about people and events, that may or may not be true; this type of story”；
2）表示“（尤指某领域中的）传奇人物”，英文解释为“a very famous person, especially in a particular field, who is admired by other people”，如：a jazz/tennis legend 爵士乐/网球的传奇人物。
erudite
erudite /ˈerudaɪt/ 表示“博学的；有学问的；博大精深的”，英文解释为“having or containing a lot of knowledge that is known by very few people”举个🌰：
He's the author of an erudite book on Scottish history.
他写过一本博大精深的有关苏格兰历史的著作。
antagonize
antagonize /ænˈtæɡəˌnaɪz/ 表示“使对抗，使对立；引起…的敌意（或反感）”，英文解释为“to make someone dislike you or feel opposed to you”举个🌰：
It's a very delicate situation and I've no wish to antagonize him.
这是一种很棘手的局面，而我无意使他和我反目成仇。
exert
exert /ɪɡˈzɜːt/ 表示“运用；行使（权威、权力等）；施加（影响等）”，英文解释为“to use something such as authority, power, influence, etc. in order to make something happen”举个🌰：
If you were to exert your influence they might change their decision.
如果你能施加你的影响，他们或许会改变决定。
dismiss
1）表示“对…不予理会，摒弃，（从头脑中）去除”，英文解释为“to decide that something or someone is not important and not worth considering”举个🌰：
I think he'd dismissed me as an idiot within five minutes of meeting me.
我认为他和我见面5分钟后就把我归入了傻瓜之列。
2）表示“解雇；免职；开除”，英文解释为“to officially remove sb from their job”举个🌰：
She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post.
她声称自己被无理免职。
exile
exile /ˈɛɡzaɪl, ˈɛks-/ 表示“（尤指出于政治原因的）流放，放逐，流亡”，英文解释为“to send someone away from their own country, village, etc., especially for political reasons”举个🌰：
The monarch was exiled because of the coup.
由于发生了政变，国王被迫流亡。
During his exile, Qu Yuan did not give up. He traveled extensively, taught and wrote about his ideas. His works, the Lament (Li Sao), the Nine Chapters (Jiu Zhang), and Wen tian are masterpieces and invaluable for studying ancient Chinese culture. He saw the gradual decline of his mother country, the Chu State. And when he heard that the Chu State was defeated by the strong Qin State, he was in such despair that he ended his life by flinging himself into the Miluo River.
在流放期间，屈原并没有放弃。他四处游历，教书育人，写下了自己的思想。他的作品《离骚》、《九章》和《天问》都是杰作，对研究中国古代文化非常有价值。他看到了他的祖国--楚国的逐渐衰落。当他听说楚国被强大的秦国打败时，他感到非常绝望，于是跳入汨罗江，结束了自己的生命。
lament
1）作动词，表示“对…感到悲痛，对…表示失望，痛惜”，英文解释为“to express sadness and feeling sorry about something”举个🌰：
My grandmother, as usual, lamented the decline in moral standards in today's society.
和往常一样，我奶奶对当今社会世风日下深感痛惜。
2）作名词，表示“挽歌；悼诗；悼文”，英文解释为“a song, poem, or other piece of writing that expresses sadness about someone's death”。
fling
1）表示“迅猛移动；猛地做…”，英文解释为“to move or do something quickly and energetically”举个🌰：
He flung himself down on the sofa.
他猛地扑倒在沙发上。
2）表示“猛扔，猛投，猛掷”，英文解释为“to throw something or someone suddenly and with a lot of force”举个🌰：
He crumpled up the letter and flung it into the fire.
他把信揉成一团，猛地扔进火中。
Legend says after people heard he drowned, they were greatly dismayed. Fishermen raced to the spot in their boats to search for his body. Unable to find his body, people threw zongzi, eggs, and other food into the river to feed fish. Since then, people commemorated Qu Yuan through dragon boat races, eating zongzi and other activities on the anniversary of his death, the fifth of the fifth month.
传说中，人们听说他被淹死后，大为惊愕。渔民们驾着船赶到现场，寻找他的尸体。由于找不到他的尸体，人们把粽子、鸡蛋和其他食物扔进河里喂鱼。此后，人们在屈原的忌日，即五月初五，通过赛龙舟、吃粽子和其他活动来纪念他。
dismay
作动词，表示“使恐慌；使悲伤”，英文解释为“If you are dismayed by something, it makes you feel afraid, worried, or sad.”举个🌰：
The committee was dismayed by what it had been told.
该委员会被所告知的情况搞得焦虑不安。
◉ Festival Foods 节日食物
Zongzi is the most popular food for the festival. It is a special kind of dumpling usually made of glutinous rice wrapped in bamboo leaves. Unfortunately, fresh bamboo leaves are hard to find.
粽子是节日里最受欢迎的食物。它是一种特殊的饺子，通常由竹叶包裹的糯米制成。不幸的是，新鲜的竹叶很难找到。
glutinous /ˈɡluːtɪnəs/
表示“粘质的”，英文解释为“Something that is glutinous is very sticky.”举个🌰：
The sauce was glutinous and tasted artificial.
种粘酱尝起来感觉不自然。
wrap
表示“用…包裹；用…覆盖”，英文解释为“to cover someone with a piece of material in order to protect them”举个🌰：
She wrapped the baby in a blanket.
她用一条毯子把婴儿包起来。
Today you may see zongzi in different shapes and with a variety of fillings. The most popular shapes are triangular and pyramidal. The fillings include dates, meat and egg yolks, but the most popular fillings are dates.
今天，你可能会看到不同形状的粽子，并有各种馅料。最受欢迎的形状是三角和锥体的。馅料包括红枣、肉和蛋黄，但最受欢迎的馅料是红枣。
pyramidal
表示“锥体的；金字塔形的；角锥状的”，英文解释为“Something that is pyramidal is shaped like a pyramid.”
date
熟词僻义，表示“海枣，椰枣”，英文解释为“A date is a small, dark-brown, sticky fruit with a stone inside. Dates grow on palm trees in hot countries.”
During the festival, people are reminded of the importance of loyalty and commitment to the community. Dragon boat races may be Chinese in origin, but today they are held worldwide.
这个节日警醒着人们，对社会忠诚和承诺的重要性。龙舟赛可能起源于中国，但今天它们在世界各地举行。
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2015年2月8日
2021年6月14日
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