《纽约时报》2022年美食潮流预测
新的一年人们怎么吃？《纽约时报》2022年美食潮流预测。
无注释原文：
How Will Americans Eat in 2022? The Food Forecasters Speak.
The New York Times
（节选）
Last year at this time, optimistic trend forecasters predicted that the cork would burst from the bottle by summer. With vaccines in arms, food culture would vibrate in a robust economy. American menus would be full of innovation driven by waves of international travel, and a new generation of digital-native cooks would rewrite the rules.
Clearly, the prediction game can be a losing one. But so what if things didn’t turn out like everyone thought they would? Trying to forecast food trends is still fun, and sometimes even accurate. (Kudos to those professional prognosticators who in recent years nailed the mainstream rise of quesabirria, soufflé pancakes, delivery-only restaurants and CBD. And a special citation for those who saw early on that those ripples of veganism would become a plant-based tsunami.)
So how are things looking for 2022? Not great. The year is starting with a surge of a highly contagious variant of Covid-19 that is only adding to the economic uncertainty. Social-justice concerns remain top of mind for many, as does pressure from a fast-changing climate. All of it will affect how food is grown, cooked and packaged.
But don’t despair. “Constraint breeds innovation,” said Anna Fabrega, a former Amazon executive who recently took over as the chief executive at the meal subscription service Freshly. She and other food industry leaders in the United States say 2022 will be another pragmatic, roll-up-your sleeves kind of year, shaped by the needs of people working from home and by the culinarily-astute-but-fickle Gen Z, whose members want food with sustainable ingredients and a strong cultural back story, prepared without exploitation and delivered in a carbon-neutral way — within 30 minutes.
With that in mind, here are some potential developments, big and small, that could define how we eat in the new year, based on a review of dozens of trend reports and interviews with food company executives, global market researchers and others who make it their business to scour the landscape for what’s next.
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注：中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考
含注释全文：
How Will Americans Eat in 2022? The Food Forecasters Speak.
新的一年人们怎么吃？2022年美食潮流预测
The New York Times
（节选）
Last year at this time, optimistic trend forecasters predicted that the cork would burst from the bottle by summer. With vaccines in arms, food culture would vibrate in a robust economy. American menus would be full of innovation driven by waves of international travel, and a new generation of digital-native cooks would rewrite the rules.
去年这个时候，乐观的潮流预测认为，到夏天就可以开香槟了。有了疫苗加持，美食文化将在坚挺的经济环境下兴旺发展。美国人的菜单上将出现一轮轮国际旅行浪潮驱动下的创新，在数字时代成长起来的新一代厨师将重写规则。
cork
表示“（尤指酒瓶的）软木瓶塞”，英文解释为“a short, cylinder-shaped piece of cork, plastic, or rubber that is put into the top of a bottle, especially a wine bottle, to close it”举个🌰：
I can't get the cork out of the bottle - can you try?
我拔不出瓶塞——你来试试？
vibrate
表示“（使）震动；（使）颤动；（使）抖动”，英文解释为“to shake slightly and quickly, or to cause something to do this, in a way that is felt rather than seen or heard”举个🌰：
The whole station seemed to vibrate as the express train rushed through.
快速列车急驰而过时，整个车站似乎都在震动。
Clearly, the prediction game can be a losing one. But so what if things didn't turn out like everyone thought they would? Trying to forecast food trends is still fun, and sometimes even accurate. (Kudos to those professional prognosticators who in recent years nailed the mainstream rise of quesabirria, soufflé pancakes, delivery-only restaurants and CBD. And a special citation for those who saw early on that those ripples of veganism would become a plant-based tsunami.)
显然，预言这种事是会被打脸的。那么事情没有像大家想的那样发展，又怎么样呢？预测美食潮流仍然是件好玩的事，而且有时候还真能说中。（给那些预判到墨西哥香煎玉米卷、舒芙蕾松饼、纯外卖餐厅和CBD[大麻二酚产品]进入主流的预言家点赞。还有需要特别致敬的是，那些早早意识到纯素主义涟漪会发展成植物基食品海啸的人。）
kudos
表示“（随某成就或地位而来的）名声，声誉，荣耀”，英文解释为“the public admiration that a person receives as a result of a particular achievement or position in society”举个🌰：
Being an actor has a certain amount of kudos attached to it.
做演员就伴有一定的职业光环。
prognosticate
prognosticator 指人，prognosticate /prɑːɡˈnɑː.stə.keɪt/ 作动词，表示“（尤指针对特定情形的）预测”，英文解释为“to give a judgment about what is likely to happen in the future, especially in connection with a particular situation”举个🌰：
He is in a good position to prognosticate on the future of commerce.
在他的位置上，可以对商业的未来做很好的预测。
So how are things looking for 2022? Not great. The year is starting with a surge of a highly contagious variant of Covid-19 that is only adding to the economic uncertainty. Social-justice concerns remain top of mind for many, as does pressure from a fast-changing climate. All of it will affect how food is grown, cooked and packaged.
2022年会是什么样子的呢？不太乐观。这一年的开端，一种传染性极强的新冠变异株呈急速上升趋势，加剧了经济的不确定性。社会正义仍是许多人心头的头等大事，此外还有气候的快速变化带来的压力。这些都会影响食物的生长、烹饪和包装。
surge
1）作动词，表示“急剧上升；飞涨；剧增”，英文解释为“If something surges, it increases suddenly and greatly, after being steady or developing only slowly.”举个🌰：
The company's profits have surged.
公司的利润激增。
2）作名词，表示“剧增”，英文解释为“A surge is a sudden large increase in something that has previously been steady, or has only increased or developed slowly.”举个🌰：
An unexpected surge in electrical power caused the computer to crash.
突然出现的电压剧增导致电脑死机。
🎬电影《雷神2：黑暗世界》（Thor: The Dark World）中的台词提到：But she will not survive the amount of energy surging within her. 但她体内涌动的能量太大 她撑不住的。
contagious
contagious /kən'teɪdʒəs/ 1) 表示“（疾病）接触传染的”，英文解释为“A disease that is contagious can be caught by touching people or things that are infected with it.”
2) 表示“（感情、态度、行动）富于感染力的，会蔓延的”，英文解释为“If a feeling, attitude, or action is contagious, other people are quickly affected by it and begin to have it or do it”，如：her contagious enthusiasm 她那富有感染力的热情。
variant
表示“变体；变种”，英文解释为“A variant of a particular thing is something that has a different form from that thing, although it is related to it.”举个🌰：
The quagga was a strikingly beautiful variant of the zebra.
白氏斑马是一种极其美丽的斑马变种。
But don't despair. “Constraint breeds innovation,” said Anna Fabrega, a former Amazon executive who recently took over as the chief executive at the meal subscription service Freshly. She and other food industry leaders in the United States say 2022 will be another pragmatic, roll-up-your sleeves kind of year, shaped by the needs of people working from home and by the culinarily-astute-but-fickle Gen Z, whose members want food with sustainable ingredients and a strong cultural back story, prepared without exploitation and delivered in a carbon-neutral way — within 30 minutes.
但没必要绝望。“局限催生创新，”前亚马逊高管、最近成为会员制餐饮服务Freshly首席执行官的安娜·法布雷加说。她和一些美国食品行业领袖人物认为，2022年会是又一个务实的、脚踏实地的年头，由在家工作的人们以及很懂美食但变化莫测的Z世代的需求所决定，后者要求食物使用可持续食材，并有一个有力的文化背景故事，在制备的过程中不存在剥削，并以碳中和的方式配送——30分钟内送达。
pragmatic
表示“讲究实际的，重实效的；实用主义的”，英文解释为“solving problems in a sensible way that suits the conditions that really exist now, rather than obeying fixed theories, ideas, or rules”举个🌰：
In business, the pragmatic approach to problems is often more successful than an idealistic one.
在商业活动中，解决问题用实际的方法往往比空想更有成效。
roll up your sleeves
表示“摩拳擦掌，跃跃欲试，捋起袖子（准备行动）”，英文解释为“to prepare for hard work”举个🌰：
There's a lot of work to do, so roll up your sleeves and get busy.
有很多活要做，捋起袖子来，赶快干吧。
astute
astute /əˈstuːt/ 表示“敏锐的；精明的”，英文解释为“able to understand a situation quickly and see how to take advantage of it”如：an astute investor 精明的投资者。
fickle
表示“三心二意的，靠不住的，变化无常的（含贬义）”，英文解释为“someone who is fickle is always changing their mind about people or things that they like, so that you cannot depend on them – used to show disapproval”。
ingredient
1）表示“（成功的）要素，因素”，英文解释为“one of the parts of something successful”举个🌰：
Trust is a vital ingredient in a successful marriage.
信任是婚姻幸福的重要因素。
2）表示“（尤指烹调用的）原料”，英文解释为“Ingredients are the things that are used to make something, especially all the different foods you use when you are cooking a particular dish.”举个🌰：
Coconut is a basic ingredient for many curries.
椰子是多种咖喱菜的基本成分。
碳中和
carbon neutral 表示“碳中和的”，英文解释为“A carbon neutral lifestyle, company, or activity does not cause an increase in the overall amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.”
📍今年政府工作报告中提到：扎实做好碳达峰、碳中和各项工作。We will take solid steps toward the goals of achieving peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality.
📍碳中和是指国家、企业、产品、活动或个人在一定时间内直接或间接产生的二氧化碳或温室气体排放总量，通过植树造林、节能减排等形式，以抵消自身产生的二氧化碳或温室气体排放量，实现正负抵消，达到相对“零排放”。
With that in mind, here are some potential developments, big and small, that could define how we eat in the new year, based on a review of dozens of trend reports and interviews with food company executives, global market researchers and others who make it their business to scour the landscape for what's next.
考虑到这一点，我们提出了以下一些可能的发展，其规模有大有小，它们可能会决定我们在新的一年里如何吃，我们的预测是基于对一系列潮流报告的查阅，以及对食品公司高管、全球市场研究者及其他人的采访，这些人的工作就是搜寻下一股潮流是什么。
scour
1）表示“搜寻，翻找，搜查”，英文解释为“to search very carefully and thoroughly through an area, a document etc”举个🌰：
Her family began to scour the countryside for a suitable house.
她的家人开始在乡下寻找合适的房子。
2）表示“冲刷成；冲刷出”，英文解释为“to make a passage, hole, or mark in the ground, rocks, etc. as the result of movement, especially over a long period”举个🌰：
The water had raced down the slope and scoured out the bed of a stream.
水顺着山坡流下来，冲刷出一条小河道。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述巴菲特入股日本贸易公司的文章中提到：From the 1950s to the 1980s they acted as go-betweens, scouring the world for energy, metals and minerals, helping to underpin Japan’s economic miracle. 上世纪50年代到80年代，它们充当中间人，在世界各地搜寻能源、金属和矿产，帮助撑起了日本的经济奇迹。
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