消费冷静期了解一下
又是一年双十一，你买买买了吗？消费冷静期了解一下，有些消费可以但没必要。
🤔️小作业：
无注释原文：
Millennials who buy less and save more are happier
From: CNBC
Oct 10 2019
Following a budget, saving money and shopping less have benefits “beyond the realm of personal finance,” according to a new study out of the University of Arizona.
Millennials who implement “proactive financial strategies” tend to be happier and more satisfied with their lives, according to the new research.
For the study, researchers collected data from 968 young adults (born between the years 1981 and 1996) starting when they were freshmen in college (ages 18-21). They followed up with the same students when they were seniors, and then two years later (ages 23-26).
The study participants answered questions about materialism, their own personal finance tactics such as budgeting and any pro-environmental habits they followed. (The researchers chose to look at eco-friendly habits because they provide further insight into how the students “cope with limited resources.”)
Students were also surveyed about their mental health, including their how satisfied they were with their lives and how they’d rank their personal well-being.
“People who save money report better overall well-being, including less psychological distress,” Sabrina Helm, study author and associate professor tells CNBC Make It. “And people who buy less and consume less show less depressive symptoms, so there’s a positive mental health effect.”
Not surprisingly, the money-saving strategies improved people’s financial satisfaction too.
“It gives you peace of mind,” Dr. Helm says. “If you’re able to put something aside for worse days, and if you manage to live within your means, it has clear positive effects on mental health.” This finding is especially significant for students, “who very often have a hard time financially,” she adds.
Certain sustainability efforts also have a similar impact on people’s health and happiness.
For example, researchers found that the students who consumed less to help the environment were happier than those who simply bought more “green” products. Although many people have been socialized to see products as solutions, simply reducing the number of things you use or buy might be the better strategy for your mental health, Dr. Helm explains.
“It’s normal to get a product to help us cope with all sorts of things in our lives,” Dr. Helm says, “but that contributes to climate change.”
Luckily, there are concrete tips people can use to “step back from the consumerist approach” and feel happier with their lives, Dr. Helm says. For example, she suggests keeping a weekly purchase diary and creating a shopping list to avoid spending on impulse.
“If we can manage to take a more critical or mindful stance toward our everyday consumption behaviors, that’d be extremely important,” Dr. Helm adds.
People in other age groups can benefit from scaling back, not just young people in college. A 2014 study found that adults who are less materialistic tend to be happier (on the flip side, people who are happier also tend to be less materialistic).
- ◆ -
注：中文文本为机器翻译仅供参考，并非一一对应
含注释原文：
Millennials who buy less and save more are happier
From: CNBC
Oct 10 2019
Following a budget, saving money and shopping less have benefits “beyond the realm of personal finance,” according to a new study out of the University of Arizona.
根据亚利桑那大学（University of Arizona）的一项新研究，遵循预算，多省钱少购物的好处“超出了个人财务的范围”。
budget
表示“预算”，英文解释为“the money that is available to a person or an organization and a plan of how it will be spent over a period of time”如：a big-budget movie 一部巨额预算的电影。
realm
realm /rɛlm/ 1）表示“领域；场所”，英文解释为“an area of activity, interest, or knowledge”举个🌰：
At the end of the speech he seemed to be moving into the realms of fantasy.
讲话的最后，他似乎进入了虚幻的境地。
2）表示“王国”（a country ruled by a king or queen）
📍beyond the realm of possibility 表示“超出范围，不可能”（not possible），相反的说法：within the realm of possibility 意思就是“在可能的范围”（possible），举个🌰：
A successful outcome is not beyond the realms of possibility.
最后取得成功并非没有可能。
🎬电影《复仇者联盟2：奥创纪元》（Avengers: Age of Ultron）中的台词提到：In every realm, there's a reflection. 每个国度都有倒影。
Millennials who implement “proactive financial strategies” tend to be happier and more satisfied with their lives, according to the new research.
根据新的研究，实施“积极财务策略”的千禧一代往往更快乐，对自己的生活更满意。
millennial
millennial /mɪˈlen.i.əl/ 表示“一千年的，千禧年的；与2000年有关的”，英文解释为“relating to a millennium or to the year 2000”如：millennial celebrations 千禧年庆祝活动。
作名词，通常复数，表示“2000年左右出生的人，千禧世代”，英文解释为“a person who was born around the time of the millennium, that is around the year 2000”举个🌰：
Millennials have grown up with the internet and can't imagine a world without it.
千禧世代在互联网环境中长大，无法想象没有互联网的世界会是什么样的。
implement
implement表示“执行；贯彻；实施”英文解释为“to take action or make changes that you have officially decided should happen”，举个🌰：
A nine year compulsory education is implemented in China.
中国实行九年制义务教育。
proactive
proactive /ˌprəʊˈæk.tɪv/ 表示“主动的，积极的”，英文解释为“taking action by causing change and not only reacting to change when it happens”举个🌰：
Companies are going to have to be more proactive about environmental management.
公司将对环境管理采取更为积极主动的态度。
For the study, researchers collected data from 968 young adults (born between the years 1981 and 1996) starting when they were freshmen in college (ages 18-21). They followed up with the same students when they were seniors, and then two years later (ages 23-26).
在这项研究中，研究人员收集了968名年轻人（出生于1981年至1996年）从大学一年级（18-21岁）开始的数据。研究人员继续跟踪这些学生大四时的数据，以及再到两年后（23-26岁）的数据。
freshman
freshman /ˈfreʃ.mən/ 表示“（中学或大学的）一年级新生”，英文解释为“a student in the first year of high school, college, or university”举个🌰：
senior
表示“（中学或大学的）毕业班学生”，英文解释为“a student in their final year of high school or university”。
📍freshman：a student in the first year of high school, college, or university （中学或大学的）一年级新生
📍sophomore /ˈsɒfəˌmɔː/ ：a student studying in the second year of a course at a US college or high school (= a school for students aged 15 to 18)（美国大学或高中的）二年级学生
📍junior：a student in the third year of a course that lasts for four years at a school or college （美国四年制中学或大学的）三年级学生
The study participants answered questions about materialism, their own personal finance tactics such as budgeting and any pro-environmental habits they followed. (The researchers chose to look at eco-friendly habits because they provide further insight into how the students “cope with limited resources.”)
研究参与者回答了关于物质主义、他们自己的个人财务策略（如预算）以及他们遵循的任何环保习惯的问题。（研究人员选择研究环保习惯的原因是它们可以进一步了解学生如何“应对有限的资源”。）
materialism
表示“实利主义，物质主义”，英文解释为“the belief that having money and possessions is the most important thing in life”举个🌰：
So have we become a self-centred society, preoccupied with materialism?
我们的社会已变成一个以自我为中心、实利主义盛行的社会了吗？
tactic
tactic /ˈtæk.tɪk/ 表示“策略，手法”，英文解释为“a planned way of doing something”举个🌰：
These bomb attacks represent a change of tactics by the terrorists.
这些炸弹袭击事件表明恐怖分子改变了策略。
pro-environmental
表示“支持环保的，亲环境的”，英文解释为“Pro-environmental behavior, also known as green-, sustainable-, or environmentally-friendly (eco-friendly) behavior, is defined as behaviors in which individuals take protective actions toward the environment.”
eco-friendly
eco-friendly /ˈiː.kəʊˌfrend.li/ 表示“环保的；不损害环境的”，英文解释为“Eco-friendly products have been designed to do the least possible damage to the environment.”如：eco-friendly detergent 环保洗衣粉。
Students were also surveyed about their mental health, including their how satisfied they were with their lives and how they’d rank their personal well-being.
学生们还接受了关于他们心理健康的调查，包括他们对生活的满意程度以及他们对个人幸福感的排名。
“People who save money report better overall well-being, including less psychological distress,” Sabrina Helm, study author and associate professor tells CNBC Make It. “And people who buy less and consume less show less depressive symptoms, so there’s a positive mental health effect.”
“省钱的人表明具有更好的整体幸福感，包括心理压力更少，”研究作者、副教授塞布丽娜·赫尔姆（Sabrina Helm）告诉「CNBC Make It」。“买得更少、消费更少的人表现出较少的抑郁症状，因此有积极的心理健康影响.”
psychological
psychological /ˌsaɪ.kəlˈɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/ 表示“心灵的；心理的；精神上的”，英文解释为“connected with a person's mind and the way in which it works”如：the psychological development of children 儿童的心理发展。
distress
1）表示“忧虑；悲伤；痛苦”，英文解释为“a feeling of great worry or unhappiness; great suffering”举个🌰：
The newspaper article caused the actor considerable distress.
报上的文章给这位演员带来极大的痛苦。
2）表示“受苦；遇难；遇险”，英文解释为“a situation in which you are suffering or are in great danger and therefore in urgent need of help”
Not surprisingly, the money-saving strategies improved people’s financial satisfaction too.
不足为奇的事，省钱策略也提高了人们的财务满意度。
“It gives you peace of mind,” Dr. Helm says. “If you’re able to put something aside for worse days, and if you manage to live within your means, it has clear positive effects on mental health.” This finding is especially significant for students, “who very often have a hard time financially,” she adds.
“这让你安心，”赫尔姆博士说。“如果你能省下一些钱以备不时之需，如果你能在生活上量入为出，那么这对心理健康有明显的积极影响。”这一发现对学生来说尤其重要，“他们经常在经济上遇到困难，”她补充道。
put sth aside
1）表示“留出（时间）；存（钱）”，英文解释为“to save something, usually time or money, for a special purpose”举个🌰：
I put aside a little every month for a deposit on a house.
我每月存一点钱支付房子的首付。
2）表示“把（分歧或问题）撇开不理，搁置”，英文解释为“If you put a disagreement or problem aside, you ignore it temporarily so that it does not prevent you doing what you want to do.”举个🌰：
Let's put our differences aside and make a fresh start.
让我们撇开分歧，重新开始。
live within your means
live within your means 表示“量入为出”，英文解释为“to spend less money than you receive as income”
补充：
📍live beyond your means 表示“入不敷出”，英文解释为“to spend more money than you receive as income”
Certain sustainability efforts also have a similar impact on people’s health and happiness.
某些为可持续性发展付出的努力也对人们的健康和幸福产生类似的影响。
sustainability
sustainability /səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ə.ti/ 表示“（可）持续性，永续性”，英文解释为“the quality of causing little or no damage to the environment and therefore able to continue for a long time”如：the company's commitment to environmental sustainability 公司对环境可持续性的承诺。
For example, researchers found that the students who consumed less to help the environment were happier than those who simply bought more “green” products. Although many people have been socialized to see products as solutions, simply reducing the number of things you use or buy might be the better strategy for your mental health, Dr. Helm explains.
例如，研究人员发现，那些为保护环境而减少消费的学生比那些仅仅购买更多“绿色”产品的学生更快乐。赫尔姆博士解释说，尽管许多人已经被社会化，将产品视为解决方案，但减少你使用或购买东西的数量可能是对你心理健康更好的策略。
“It’s normal to get a product to help us cope with all sorts of things in our lives,” Dr. Helm says, “but that contributes to climate change.”
赫尔姆博士说：“让一种产品帮助我们应对生活中的各种事情是正常的，但这会导致气候变化。”
Luckily, there are concrete tips people can use to “step back from theconsumerist approach” and feel happier with their lives, Dr. Helm says. For example, she suggests keeping a weekly purchase diary and creating a shopping list to avoid spending on impulse.
赫尔姆博士说，幸运的是，有一些具体的建议可以让人们“摆脱消费主义观念”，而对自己的生活感到更快乐。例如，她建议每周写一次购物日记，并创建一个购物清单，以避免冲动消费。
concrete
They think she killed her husband, but they have no concrete evidence.
consumerist
表示“消费主义的；主张消费主义的人”，英文解释为“giving too much attention to buying and owning things, often things that are not really necessary”
on (an) impulse
on (an) impulse /ˈɪm.pʌls/ 表示“一时兴起，心血来潮”，英文解释为“because you suddenly want to, although you haven't planned to”举个🌰：
I just bought them on impulse.
我只是一时冲动才买的。
📍impulse buying 表示“冲动性购买”，英文解释为“the act of buying something that you had not planned to buy, because you suddenly want it when you see it”
“If we can manage to take a more critical or mindful stance toward our everyday consumption behaviors, that’d be extremely important,” Dr. Helm adds.
赫尔姆博士补充道：“如果我们能对我们的日常消费行为采取更具批判性或有意识的态度，那将是极其重要的。”
stance
表示“（尤指公开表明的）观点，立场”，英文解释为“a way of thinking about something, especially expressed in a publicly stated opinion”举个🌰：
The doctor's stance on the issue of abortion is well known.
这位医生在堕胎问题上的立场众人皆知。
People in other age groups can benefit from scaling back, not just young people in college. A 2014 study found that adults who are less materialistic tend to be happier (on the flip side, people who are happier also tend to be less materialistic).
其他年龄段的人也能以从缩减开支中受益，而不仅仅是大学里的年轻人。2014年的一项研究发现，不那么物质主义的成年人往往更快乐（另一方面，更快乐的人也往往不那么物质主义）。
scale sth down
表示“缩减，缩小”，英文解释为“to make something smaller than it was or smaller than it was planned to be”举个🌰：
A shortage of money has forced them to scale down the project.
由于缺乏资金，他们被迫缩减项目的规模。
materialistic
materialistic /məˌtɪə.ri.əˈlɪs.tɪk/ 表示“拜金的，物质主义的”，英文解释为“believing that having money and possessions is the most important thing in life”
flip side
flip side /ˈflɪp ˌsaɪd/ 表示“反面；负面；不受欢迎的一面”，英文解释为“the opposite, less good, or less popular side of something”
- 今日盘点 -
budget
realm
millennial
implement
proactive
freshman
senior
materialism
tactic
pro-environmental
eco-friendly
psychological
distress
put sth aside
live within your means
sustainability
concrete
consumerist
on (an) impulse
stance
scale sth down
materialistic
flip side
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