看电影拍照发朋友圈算盗摄吗
近日，薛之谦观看韩寒导演电影《飞驰人生2》后发布相关照片，引发全网对于“盗摄”的热议。
🤔️小作业：
1. How does Apple's patented system propose to prevent smartphone users from taking photos or videos at specific venues?
A) By physically covering the camera lens when unauthorized filming is attempted.
B) By emitting a sound wave that disrupts smartphone cameras.
C) By using infrared beams that are interpreted by the smartphone as a command to block camera usage.
D) By automatically deleting unauthorized photos or videos after they are taken.
无注释原文：
Apple patented a way to keep people from filming at concerts and movie theaters on their phones
From: QUARTZ, June 28, 2016
“Please, no flash photography.”
Polite requests like this can be found in museums all over the world, but they generally don’t dissuade people from taking photos of whatever they feel like. The same goes for concerts, movie theaters and other places where people routinely ignore filming restrictions. A new patent from Apple may hinder that rebellious streak—on phones at least.
The patent, awarded to Apple today, outlines a system which would allow venues to use an infrared emitter to remotely disable the camera function on smartphones. According to the patent, infrared beams could be picked up by the camera, and interpreted by the smartphone as a command to block the user from taking any photos or videos of whatever they’re seeing.
Many musicians and performers have banned cellphones from their shows, either because they want their audiences to actually pay attention to them, or because they don’t want the free footage circulating around the web. Despite this, images still manage to leak out. Prince’s last concert before he passed away in April was supposed to be cellphone-free—it apparently wasn’t. If Apple’s patent is introduced into iPhone software, and venues put infrared emitters around their stage, leaks like this could potentially stop happening.
The patent also outlines ways that infrared blasters could actually improve someone’s experience at a venue. For example, the beams could be used to send information to museum-goers by pointing a smartphone camera at a blaster placed next to a piece of art.
But the patent also raises questions about the sort of power that this technology would be handing over to people with more nefarious intentions.
Right now, there’s no guarantee that Apple intends to put this technology into any of its software—Apple doesn’t act on many of the thousands of patents it files each year—and the company wasn’t immediately available to comment on its plans for the patent.
Given the company’s rigid support of personal privacy when it comes to police requests to break into users’ devices, it’s possible that Apple just patented the technology so that no one else will use it. But who knows, if it does intend to introduce this feature to future operating systems, sales of camcorders, or even GoPros, could get a much-needed boost, as people try to circumvent the prohibitive software.
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Apple patented a way to keep people from filming at concerts and movie theaters on their phones
From: QUARTZ, June 28, 2016
“Please, no flash photography.”
“请勿使用闪光灯拍照。”
Polite requests like this can be found in museums all over the world, but they generally don't dissuade people from taking photos of whatever they feel like. The same goes for concerts, movie theaters and other places where people routinely ignore filming restrictions. A new patent from Apple may hinder that rebellious streak—on phones at least.
在世界各地的博物馆，我们经常能看到这样的友好提醒，然而，这些提醒往往难以阻止观众随意拍摄。同样的情况也发生在演唱会、电影院以及其他人们常常忽视拍摄限制的场所。苹果公司最近一项新专利或许能在手机上限制这种违规行为。
dissuade
dissuade /dɪˈsweɪd/ 表示“劝说…不做某事，劝阻”，英文解释为“to persuade someone not to do something”举个🌰：I tried to dissuade her from leaving. 我试图劝说她不要离开。
patent
patent /ˈpeɪ.tənt/ 可以作名词，也可以作动词表示“申请专利”，英文解释为“to get the official legal right to make or sell an invention”举个🌰：If you don't patent your invention, other people may make all the profit out of it. 如果你不为你的发明申请专利权，其他人就会从中渔利。
hinder
hinder /ˈhɪn.dər/ 表示“阻碍，妨碍”，英文解释为“to limit the ability of someone to do something, or to limit the development of something”举个🌰：High winds have hindered firefighters in their efforts to put out the blaze. 大风妨碍了消防队员扑灭大火。
🎬电影《杀手：代号47》（Hitman）中的台词提到：I know. don't let your incompetence hinder them. 知道了 别让你的无能妨碍了他们的工作。
rebellious
rebellious /rɪˈbel.i.əs/ 1）表示“（常使用武力）反叛的，造反的，反抗的”，英文解释为“If a group of people are rebellious, they oppose the ideas of the people in authority and plan to change the system, often using force.”如：rebellious groups of southern tribespeople 南方部落/人中的反叛群体。
2）表示“桀骜不驯的；难以控制的；难对付的”，英文解释为“If someone is rebellious, they are difficult to control and do not behave in the way that is expected.”举个🌰：Her teachers regard her as a rebellious, trouble-making girl. 老师们认为她是一个不服管教、惹是生非的女孩子。
streak
streak /striːk/ 1）表示“一阵好运；一阵霉运；（尤指体育比赛或赌博中）顺的时候，背的时候，运气，手气”，英文解释为“a short period of good or bad luck”如：a streak of good luck 运气好的一段时间，a lucky/unlucky streak 运气好/不好的阶段，to hit (= have) a winning streak 碰上顺的时候，to be on a winning/losing streak 赶上顺的/背的时候，举个🌰：Their longest losing streak has been three games. 他们最低迷的时候连输过3场。After winning a couple of bets, he thought he was on a winning streak. 下注赢了几回后，他以为自己红运正当头。
📍张伟丽重夺UFC冠军中提到：win streak/winning streak都可以指“连胜”，原文：Esparza sees a six-fight win streak snapped. 埃斯帕扎的六连胜终结了。
2）表示“（常指不好的）特点，个性特征”，英文解释为“an often unpleasant characteristic that is very different from other characteristics”举个🌰：Her stubborn streak makes her very difficult to work with sometimes. 她固执的性格有时候使人很难和她共事。
3）表示“条纹；条痕”，英文解释为“a long, thin mark that is easily noticed because it is very different from the area surrounding it”举个🌰：Meteors produce streaks of light as they burn up in the earth's atmosphere. 流星在地球大气层中燃烧时会产生一道光痕。
The patent, awarded to Apple today, outlines a system which would allow venues to use an infrared emitter to remotely disable the camera function on smartphones. According to the patent, infrared beams could be picked up by the camera, and interpreted by the smartphone as a command to block the user from taking any photos or videos of whatever they're seeing.
该专利于今日授予苹果公司。该专利描述了一种系统，允许场所使用红外发射器远程禁用智能手机上的摄像头功能。专利说明称，相机能捕捉到红外线信号，并被智能手机解读为禁止拍摄的指令。
outline
outline /ˈaʊt.laɪn/ 作名词，表示“大纲，概要，提要”，英文解释为“a description of the main facts about something”举个🌰：If you read the minutes of the meeting, they'll give you a broad outline of what was discussed. 如果你看了会议记录，就会知道讨论的大概内容。
作动词，表示“略述，概括”，英文解释为“to give the main facts about something”举个🌰：At the interview she outlined what I would be doing. 面试时她简要介绍了一下我将要从事的工作。
infrared
infrared /ˌɪn.frəˈred/ 表示“红外线的”，英文解释为“Infrared light is a type of light that feels warm but cannot be seen.”举个🌰：Their pilots are guided by an infrared optical system that shows images clearly even at night. 他们的飞行员使用红外光学系统导航，即便在夜晚也能清楚地显示影像。
emitter
emitter /ɪˈmɪt.ər/ 表示“发出者；发射者”，英文解释为“something that emits (= sends out) light, a noise, or a substance, especially the gas carbon dioxide”举个🌰：SUVs remain, on average, higher emitters than passenger cars. 平均来说，运动型多用途车比轿车排放的废气要多。
beam
beam /biːm/ 1）表示“光线；光束；光柱”，英文解释为“a line of light that shines from a bright object”举个🌰：We could just pick out the trail in the weak beam of the flashlight. 我们借着手电筒微弱的光仅能勉强认清路。
2）表示“（定向发出的）射束，粒子流”，英文解释为“a line of radiation or particles flowing in one direction”如：a laser beam 激光束，an electron beam 电子波。
interpret
interpret /ɪnˈtɜː.prɪt/ 1）表示“诠释；说明”，英文解释为“to explain the meaning of sth”举个🌰：The students were asked to interpret the poem. 学生们被要求诠释那首诗的意义。
2）表示“把…理解为；领会”，英文解释为“to decide that sth has a particular meaning and to understand it in this way ”举个🌰：The data can be interpreted in many different ways. 这份资料可以从多方面解读。
3）表示“演绎（按自己的感觉演奏音乐或表现角色）”，英文解释为“to perform a piece of music, a role in a play, etc. in a way that shows your feelings about its meaning”举个🌰：He interpreted the role with a lot of humour. 他把这个角色演得十分幽默。
4）表示“翻译，口译”，英文解释为“to change what someone is saying into another language”
Many musicians and performers have banned cellphones from their shows, either because they want their audiences to actually pay attention to them, or because they don't want the free footage circulating around the web. Despite this, images still manage to leak out. Prince's last concert before he passed away in April was supposed to be cellphone-free—it apparently wasn't. If Apple's patent is introduced into iPhone software, and venues put infrared emitters around their stage, leaks like this could potentially stop happening.
许多音乐家和表演者禁止在他们的演出中使用手机，要么是因为他们希望观众真正关注他们，要么是因为他们不希望免费录像在网络上流传。尽管如此，还是会有画面流出。4月份，美国男歌手Prince去世前的最后一场演唱会本应是不允许使用手机的，但显然没有。如果苹果的专利被引入到iPhone软件中，并且演出场馆舞台周围放置红外发射器，此类泄露可能会得到有效遏制。
footage
footage 表示“（描述某一事件的）片段镜头”，英文解释为“Footage of a particular event is a film of it or the part of a film which shows this event.”举个🌰：They are planning to show exclusive footage from this summer's festivals. 他们计划独家播放今年夏季节日活动的片断镜头。
补充：
📍closed-circuit footage指的是监控录像画面；📍CCTV：此CCTV非彼CCTV，其中的CC就是Closed Circuit的缩写，TV就是电视Television的缩写。
circulate
circulate /ˈsɜː.kjə.leɪt/ 有“（使）循环；（使）流通；（使）传递；（使）散布”的含义（if a story, an idea, information, etc. circulates or if you circulate it, it spreads or it is passed from one person to another）举个🌰：Rumours began to circulate about his financial problems. 有关他财务困难的谣言开始流传开来。
🎬电影《拉瑞·克劳》（Larry Crowne）中的台词提到：If gossip of this nature were to circulate, 如果这种性质的八卦流传开来，
The patent also outlines ways that infrared blasters could actually improve someone's experience at a venue. For example, the beams could be used to send information to museum-goers by pointing a smartphone camera at a blaster placed next to a piece of art.
该专利还展示了红外发射器实际上可以增强观众在场馆体验的方法。例如，可以用智能手机摄像头对准放置在艺术品旁边的红外发射器，向博物馆参观者发送相关信息。
blaster
blaster /ˈblɑː.stər/ 1）表示“喷射器”，英文解释为“a tool or object that can send out water, gas, air, etc. with a lot of force”举个🌰：You can create a water blaster from a plastic tube. 你可以用一根塑料管制作水枪。
2）表示“（科幻故事里的）爆破器”，英文解释为“a weapon in a science fiction story (= one about an imagined future) that can destroy solid objects”举个🌰：The sound is like an asteroid blaster from an old video game. 这声音听起来就像老式电子游戏中的小行星爆破器。
-goer
-goer，这个用法很常见，表示“常去...的人；...迷”，如：cinema-goer 或者movie-goer可以表示影迷，电影观众。还有诸如gym-goer, shopping-goer, ...
But the patent also raises questions about the sort of power that this technology would be handing over to people with more nefarious intentions.
但这项专利也提出了一些问题，即这项技术会把什么样的权力交给那些怀有更邪恶意图的人。
nefarious
nefarious /nəˈfeə.ri.əs/ 表示“（尤指活动）邪恶的，不道德的”，英文解释为“(especially of activities) morally bad”举个🌰：The company's CEO seems to have been involved in some nefarious practices/activities. 公司主管看来曾牵涉一些罪恶勾当。
Right now, there's no guarantee that Apple intends to put this technology into any of its software—Apple doesn't act on many of the thousands of patents it files each year—and the company wasn't immediately available to comment on its plans for the patent.
目前尚不确定苹果是否打算将这项技术应用于其任何软件产品中——苹果公司每年申请的数千项专利中，许多都没有实际应用——且公司尚未对其专利计划发表评论。
Given the company's rigid support of personal privacy when it comes to police requests to break into users' devices, it's possible that Apple just patented the technology so that no one else will use it. But who knows, if it does intend to introduce this feature to future operating systems, sales of camcorders, or even GoPros, could get a much-needed boost, as people try to circumvent the prohibitive software.
鉴于在警方要求破解用户设备时苹果公司对保护用户隐私的坚定立场，苹果公司可能仅仅是为了防止其他人滥用该技术而申请了专利。但谁知道呢，如果苹果公司真的打算在未来的操作系统中引入这项功能，那么摄像机甚至GoPros的销量都可能会大量提升，因为人们会试图规避这些禁止使用的软件。
rigid
rigid /ˈrɪdʒ.ɪd/ 1）表示“僵硬的；固定的；不能弯曲的”，英文解释为“stiff or fixed; not able to be bent or moved”如：a rigid steel and concrete structure 坚固的钢筋混凝土结构。
2）表示“固执的；僵化的；一成不变的”，英文解释为“not willing to change their ideas or behaviour”举个🌰：We were disappointed that they insisted on such a rigid interpretation of the rules. 他们坚持对规则进行如此呆板僵化的解释，令我们非常失望。
boost
boost /buːst/ 可以作名词也可以作动词，表示“改善；提高；增强；推动”，英文解释为“to improve or increase something”举个🌰：The theatre managed to boost its audiences by cutting ticket prices. 剧院设法通过降低票价来增加观众数量。
📍“佩洛西有病还是先治病吧”文中提到be boosted，get boosted用来指打了加强针（疫苗），也有说booster shot/booster dose.
circumvent
circumvent /ˌsɜːkəmˈvɛnt/ 表示“设法回避；规避”，英文解释为“to find a way of avoiding a difficulty or a rule”举个🌰：They found a way of circumventing the law. 他们找到了规避法律的途径。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情重塑全球化的文章中提到：America circumvented and then sabotaged the WTO, stopping the nomination of judges to its appeal board and thus its ability to adjudicate trade disputes. 美国先是绕开了世贸组织，然后再从中作梗，阻止其上诉委员会法官的提名，导致它无法裁决贸易争端。
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